ICT ASSIGMENT by Chairo Ahmad Faizal

1.3.1 DEFINITION OF COMPUTER SECURITY

cshahzada — 2013-02-15 10:36:13 UTC

Computer security means protecting our computer systems and the
information they contain against unwanted access, damage, destruction or
modification. Three types of computer security are: hardware security software
security/data security network security

1.3.2 SECURITY THREATS

cshahzada — 2013-02-15 10:36:36 UTC

4 Different threats to computer security

1 Malicious Code

Malicious code is also known as a rogue program. It will cause undesired
effects in the programmer’s part. The effect is caused by an agent, with the
intention to cause damage. The agent for malicious code is the writer of the
code who causes its distribution. There are various kinds of malicious code.
They include virus, Trojan horse, logic door, trapdoor and backdoor, worm and
many others.

2 Hacking

Hacking is defined as unauthorised access to the computer system by a
hacker. Hackers are persons who learn about the computer system in detail. They
write program referred to as hacks. Hackers may use a modem or cable to hack
the targeted computers.

3 Natural Disaster

Computer are also threatened by natural or invironmental disaster. Example:

·Flood
·Fire
·Earthquakes, storms and tornados
·Excessive Heat
·Inadequate Power Supply

4 Theft

There are two types of computer theft.

1) Computer is used to steal money, goods, information and resources.
2) Stealing of computer, especially notebook and PDAs.

1.3.3 SECURITY MEASURES

cshahzada — 2013-02-15 10:37:12 UTC

Today, people rely on computers to create, store and manage critical information. It is important that the computer and the data they store are accessible and available when needed. It is also important that users take measures to protect their computers and data from lost, damage and misused. Security measures mean the precautionary measures taken toward possible danger or damage. There are 6 type of security measures.

·Antivirus ·Anti-spyware
·Cryptography ·Firewall
·Data Backup ·Human Aspek

The appropriate security measures to overcome computer threats

1) ANTIVIRUS

An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses .
Examples: virus, worm or Trojan horse.

2) ANTI-SPYWARE

Is a program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge. It secretly collects information about the user.
Examples of popular anti-spyware programs :
•Spybot Search and Destroy
• Ad-aware
•Spyware Blaster

3) CRYPTOGRAPHY

Is a process of hiding information by altering the actual information into different representation. In other word, its simply a hiden information.
Example: , an APA can be written as I? X.

4) FIREWALL

Hardware or software which functions in a networked environment to prevent some communications forbidden by the security policy.
there are three types of firewall:
a. SCREENING ROUTERS
i. Simplest
ii. See only add
iii. See only service protocol type
iv. Screen based on connection rules
b. PROXY GATEWAY
i. Somewhat complex
ii. See full test of communication
iii. Screen based on behaviour proxies
c. GUARD
i. Most complex
ii. See full text of communication
iii. Screen based on interpretion of message content

5) DATA BACKUP

Data Backup is a program of file duplication.
Importance information can be backups daily, weekly or biweekly from a hard disk.

6) HUMAN ASPECTS

Refer to the user and also the intruder of a computer system.
Example: Most common problem is the lack of achieving a good information security procedure.