https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp en-us 2018-06-03 13:22:08 UTC 2025-12-29 10:21:41 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Xmastree.png 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265208391 Brugmansia suaveolens was originally endemic to the coastal rainforests of south-east Brazil, where it grows below 1,000 m (3,300 ft) along river banks and forest edges with warm temperatures, high humidity, and heavy rainfall. As a result of human interaction with this species, it can now be found growing in residential areas throughout much of South America, particularly in the tropical Andean rainforests, and occasionally in Central America, Mexico, California and even in parts of Florida]]> 2018-06-03 13:22:08 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265208391 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265209235 2018-06-03 13:33:37 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265209235 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265209595 Angel's trumpet]]> 2018-06-03 13:38:11 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265209595 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265272152 2018-06-04 02:14:13 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265272152 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265272841 2018-06-04 02:20:44 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265272841 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265273075 (The picture is blurry but I truly did not find any other picture of it. It says for the top 3 species, in order from highest to lowest: B. sanguinea, B. suaveolens, B. candida)]]> 2018-06-04 02:22:43 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265273075 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265491127 2018-06-04 20:44:47 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265491127 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265492619 2018-06-04 20:56:40 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265492619 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265492940 The plant is currently extinct in the wild. Its entire genus is cultivated. There is no documentation of any plant found in the wild, and the only explanation found is that their dispersers are extinct. Hence, all the species should best be regarded as extinct in the wild. ]]> 2018-06-04 20:59:44 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265492940 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265494553 One of its speculated dispersers (now extinct]]> 2018-06-04 21:13:04 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265494553 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265494696 One of its speculated dispersers (now extinct)]]> 2018-06-04 21:14:05 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265494696 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265495374 The Pink-spotted hawkmoth is a species known to pollinate the Brugmansia. Its wingspan is 9.5 cm to 12 cm. Hawkmoths are able to pollinate the flower because their proboscis (tongue) is remarkably long, enough to pollinate the big flower. ]]> 2018-06-04 21:18:43 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265495374 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265497938 Selective pressure on the flower would be moth larvae and hornworms that feed on the plant`s leaves. Brugmansia Suaveolens contains tropane alkaloids, which act as chemical defense to the plant. The TAs found in the plant are Atropine and Scopolamine, the latter being the most abundant TA in this species. Scopolamine increases mortality and prolonged developmental time in larvae feeding on the plant.  Leaves of B. suaveolens increase their content of scopolamine after artificial damage. The highest induction is found 24 hr after the damage, and after that, scopolamine content decreases to normal levels. Even the damaged leaves have negative impacts on the growth of larvae. This suggests that damage by herbivores induces resistance in the plants. More valuable plant parts, such as young leaves, flowers, and unripe fruits with seeds, have higher scopolamine concentrations than other tissues.]]> 2018-06-04 21:32:07 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265497938 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265500559 It is a tropane : a nitrogen containing bicyclic compound. Other notable tropanes include atropine and cocaine.  Scopolamine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that blocks the actions of acetylcholine in the parasympathetic nervous system which is responsible for bodily activities after eating and at rest: defecation, urination and salivation. Used in small doses, it can be used to suppress these processes that are out of our control. At higher doses scopolamine acts further on the CNS (Central nervous system), specifically the temporal lobe, and impairs memory. It also acts as a deliriant, a subset of hallucinogens.  Deliriants are characterized by extreme confusion and the inability to control ones actions, all the while having extreme, vivid, and realistic hallucinations as your brain struggles to interpret its surrounding stimuli.  Overdoses can lead to extreme psychosis and insanity.]]> 2018-06-04 21:58:02 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265500559 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265501830 Williams, R. (2012, October 27). Brugmansia or Angel`s Trumpets the genus that relies on humans. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/scienceshow/brugmansia-or-angele28099s-trumpets-the-genus-that-relies-on/4335686#transcript]]> 2018-06-04 22:11:08 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265501830 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265502556 Alves, M. & Sartoratto, A. & Trigo, J. (2007, March). Scopolamine in Brugmansia Suaveolens (Solanaceae): Defense, Allocation, Costs, and Induced Response. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6605901_Scopolamine_in_Brugmansia_Suaveolens_Solanaceae_Defense_Allocation_Costs_and_Induced_Response]]> 2018-06-04 22:18:46 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265502556 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265502944 Brower, J. (2014, July 8). 

Brugmansia: Angel’s Trumpet or the Devil’s? Retrieved from https://naturespoisons.com/2014/07/08/brugmansia-angels-trumpet-or-the-devils-scopolamine-atropine/

]]> 2018-06-04 22:22:36 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265502944 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265503500 Brower, J. (2014, January 28). 

Scopolamine: As Evil as it Wants to Be. Retrieved from https://naturespoisons.com/2014/01/28/scopolamine-evil-as-it-wants-henbane/

]]> 2018-06-04 22:28:27 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265503500 349726356 https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265504013 Wolfe, Judy. (n.d.). Caterpillar That Eats Angel's Trumpet. Retrieved from http://homeguides.sfgate.com/caterpillar-eats-angels-trumpet-91725.html]]> 2018-06-04 22:34:29 UTC https://padlet.com/349726356/bm7dhb1thlvp/wish/265504013