https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140 en-us 2023-10-04 16:09:23 UTC 2023-10-31 13:13:55 UTC hello@padlet.com isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2732381216 DNA which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.]]> 2023-10-04 16:14:52 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2732381216 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2732411135
The nucleus is like a cell's control room. It's found in eukaryotic cells, which have a special nucleus protected by a double membrane. Inside this nucleus, there's DNA, which is like a cell's instruction manual. The nucleus is super important because it controls many things in the cell, such as how genes are used, making copies of DNA, and helping with cell division. It stores all of the body's genetic material.]]> 2023-10-04 16:32:56 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2732411135 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2732481690 RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a molecule found in all living cells, and it plays a crucial role in various biological processes. RNA is similar to DNA  in that it is composed of nucleotides. Unlike DNA, which has a double-stranded helical structure, RNA is typically single-stranded. However, it can form secondary structures through base pairing, such as in the case of RNA molecules like tRNA (transfer RNA).

]]> 2023-10-04 17:14:19 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2732481690 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2739995505 The bases are block codes of the DNA and the RNA
A=U
T=A
C=G
G=C]]> 2023-10-10 13:50:14 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2739995505 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740145556

 Insertion is a DNA mutation where one or more extra nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence. Insertions can lead to frameshift mutations, similar to deletions, by altering the reading frame of the genetic code. This can result in the addition or loss of amino acids in a protein, significantly altered protein.
If you insert a "T" in the sequence "ATGCAT," you get "ATGTGCAT," changing the reading frame and affecting the protein produced.



 Substitution is a DNA mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another in the DNA sequence. The impact of a substitution mutation can vary. It may result in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein, leading to a change in the protein's structure and function. However, some substitutions may be "silent" if they do not change the amino acid due to the redundancy of the genetic code. Replacing the "A" with a "C" in the sequence "ATGCAT" results in "CTGCAT," changing the codon for the first amino acid from "ATG" to "CTG."


Deletion is a type of DNA mutation where one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence. This results in a loss of genetic information Deletions can have significant consequences. They can disrupt the reading frame of the DNA, potentially leading to a frameshift mutation. This can change the entire sequence of amino acids in a protein, often resulting in a non-functional or significantly altered protein. 
 If the sequence is "ATGCAT," a deletion of the "C" would result in "ATGAT," changing the entire reading frame and affecting the protein produced.

]]> 2023-10-10 15:06:49 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740145556 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740165393 Protein is made up of amino acids which are directly linked to the DNA 
Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of these molecules. There are 20 different amino acids that can be combined in various sequences to form a vast array of proteins. The specific sequence of amino acids determines a protein's structure and function.

]]> 2023-10-10 15:17:34 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740165393 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740229079 MRNA which stands for messenger RNA. This molecule reads the DNA and transcribes it outside of the nucleus. The mature mRNA molecule is then exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis takes place. ]]> 2023-10-10 15:53:02 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740229079 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740231468 2023-10-10 15:54:22 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740231468 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740239533 Transfer RNA, is a type of RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in protein and amino acids synthesis. It serves as an adaptor molecule that helps decode the genetic information in messenger RNA into a specific sequence of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. ]]> 2023-10-10 15:59:11 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2740239533 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2742199428 DNA mutations are like nature's way of adding variety to a group of living things. When animals and plants have babies, they can pass on these changes in their DNA to their kids. These changes create differences among family members, a bit like how each person in your family is unique. These differences are important because they allow some members of the family to do better in certain situations.]]> 2023-10-11 17:15:27 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2742199428 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2742612261  A silent mutation is a mutation in the genetic code that doesn't result in any change in the amino acid sequence of a protein. 

Example: 
if A=U and the mutation changes A to U it will cause a silent mutation. This occurs because of the redundancy in the genetic code, where multiple codons (a sequence of three nucleotides) can code for the same amino acid. ]]> 2023-10-12 00:13:41 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2742612261 isabelgomes27_1 https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2751156088 Alleles: Variation of a gene 

Homozygous: When both alleles are identical 

Heterozygous: When allies are different 

Dominant: The allele that appears the most 

Recessive: The allele that is hidden and overpowered by the dominant allele]]> 2023-10-17 16:37:24 UTC https://padlet.com/isabelgomes27_1/bkkxsjh7jpjb1140/wish/2751156088