• Tour Guide: A person who leads a group of people on a tour, providing information and commentary.

• Tour: A journey or excursion, often with a specific purpose or theme.

• Itinerary: A detailed plan for a journey, including destinations, activities, and timings.

• Monument: A building, statue, or other structure erected to commemorate a person or event.

• Historical Site: A place of historical significance, often preserved for its cultural or archaeological value.

• Commentary: Explanatory or descriptive notes or remarks.

• Time Travel: A metaphorical concept used to describe the act of moving forward or backward in time.

• Emperor: A sovereign ruler of an empire.

• Republic: A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives.

• Ancient Rome: The civilization of ancient Rome, which existed from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD.

• Tourist Guide: A person who leads a group of people on a tour, providing information and commentary.

• Tour: A journey or excursion, often with a specific purpose or theme.

• Itinerary: A detailed plan for a journey, including destinations, activities, and timings.

• Destination: A place to which a person is going or has gone.

• Safety Precautions: Measures taken to protect people from harm.

• Historical Significance: The importance of a historical event or figure.

• Sacred: Considered to be holy.

• Popular Tourist Destination: A place that is frequently visited by tourists.

• Trivia: Interesting facts or pieces of information.

• Volcano: A mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are erupted.  

• Sunrise: The appearance of the sun above the horizon each morning.

• Vista: A far-reaching view.

• Cascades: A small waterfall.

• Prehistoric: Relating to the period before written history.

• Memorable: Worth remembering.

1. Semarang - the capital city of Central Java province

2. Journey - a trip or travel from one place to another

3. Wander - to travel or walk around without a specific destination or plan

4. Museum - a building where historical, scientific, or artistic objects are kept and displayed.

5. Surakarta - second largest city in Central Java province

6. Magelang - one of the largest city in Central Java province where Borobudur Temple is situated

7. Old town - a place or zone in a city which usually has a unique architecture and was used by the prior coloniser or governor to govern the city

• Light humor:

  • "No Italians? Fantastic—no pressure."

  • "Sorry, you can't come. I’m joking!"

7. Breaking Down Complex Ideas

• "It only took the Romans about 200 years to transform from a small group of villages into a republic."

• "They stole the idea from ancient Greece; in fact, they stole a lot from Greece!"

• Formal Greeting:

  • "Hello everyone and good morning, my name is Nika Nicole Adriano, and I am a tourist guide for today."

  • "I’d like to welcome you all here at Bali, Indonesia."

• Setting Expectations:

  • "I’ll tell you all about the things that you will see. If you have any questions, please ask."

2. Polite and Courteous Instructions

• Safety and conduct:

  • "Firstly, I ask that you remain seated until we reach our destinations."

  • "Secondly, during this place, you have to be polite in speech and keep your behavior."

3. Promising an Enjoyable Experience

• Assurance:

  • "I will surely promise you all that you will enjoy here at Bali, Indonesia."

  • "This is a beautiful city where you can relax."

4. Descriptive and Informative Narration

• Highlighting locations:

  • "Welcome to Pura Tanah Lot, one of the most iconic temples here at Bali."

  • "Mount Batur is an active volcano... you can observe the sunrise from the reach of this valley volcano on early morning treks."

  • "Sekumpul Waterfall is considered by many to be Bali’s most beautiful falls, giving a prehistoric feel to the area."

• Trivia and details:

  • "This temple is historically significant as it is said to be where a high Hindu tree is established."

  • "Mount Batur was formed by an eruption in 1917—it is still active."

5. Expressing Beauty and Relaxation

• Vivid descriptions:

  • "The falls are huge, giving a prehistoric feel to the area where the air is very fresh."

  • "You can relax and escape from your business... and feel peaceful with all your problems lost."

• Emotional connection:

  • "I hope that this experience will be memorable to all of you."

6. Gratitude and Closing

• Thankful tone:

  • "I would like to thank you all, my dear tourists."

  • "Keep safe, and God bless to all of you."

The structure included headings, bullet points for lists, and paragraphs for detailed descriptions.