A clause that has a finite verb to show the tense (present or past form) is called a finite clause.

It may be the main or subordinate part of the whole sentence.

Finite clauses must contain a verb which shows tense, whether present or past tense.

You should be able to change the tense form of the verb from present to past or vice versa.

He is feeling sick after his long journey.

The committee rejected his proposal.

Everybody left just after the ceremony.

We dined at a cheap restaurant last night.

The miscreants had left before the police arrived.

The opinion poll suggested that the ruling party may lose the coming election.

A non-finite clause is a grammatical unit that contains a non-finite verb.

Since non-finite verb is participle and infinitive form of verb, in other words, a non-finite clause contains a participle or an infinitive as its verb.

It usually doesn’t contain a subject, but may sometimes.

Non-finite clauses, like dependent clauses, can’t exist on their own and hence are embedded into independent clauses.