Abnormal Psychology by Marissa TEO (SP)

Valerie Owyong En EL/EP0706/FT/05

2025-01-02 02:55:35 UTC

Mental health conditions are diverse and can significantly impact an individual's thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. From my understanding, they often arise due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. The conditions I'm aware of include PTSD, which involves intense stress and flashbacks following a traumatic event; ASD, a short-term response to trauma with similar symptoms as PTSD but lasting less than a month; and Bipolar Disorder, marked by extreme mood swings between manic highs and depressive lows.

Valerie Owyong En EL/EP0706/FT/05

2025-01-02 02:57:08 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chronic stress, as her challenges have been ongoing for several months and seem inescapable. Her supervisor's harsh behavior, the overwhelming workload, lack of guidance, and difficulty connecting with older colleagues have created a taxing environment. Combined with her frequent headaches and dread of going to work, this prolonged stress significantly impacts her well-being.

Valerie Owyong En EL/EP0706/FT/05

2025-01-02 02:59:04 UTC

Yes, I think stress and anxiety disorders can indeed be caused by more than one factor. They often arise from biological, psychological, and environmental influences. For example, genetic predisposition, traumatic experiences, ongoing stress, or lifestyle factors like poor sleep or diet can all contribute to the development of these conditions. Each individual's experience is unique and influenced by a mix of these factors.

Valerie Owyong En EL/EP0706/FT/05

2025-01-06 02:24:55 UTC

I believe stress, isolation, life events, and personality are the main causes of mood disorders because these factors directly affect how we feel and cope with challenges. Stress and isolation can make us feel overwhelmed and unsupported, while difficult life events like loss or failure can trigger deep emotional pain. Personality traits, like being overly self-critical or sensitive, can make it harder to bounce back from setbacks, increasing the risk of developing mood disorders.

Valerie Owyong En EL/EP0706/FT/05

2025-01-06 02:26:58 UTC

Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Therapy appeal to me the most, especially dream interpretation, because they focus on exploring the unconscious mind to understand hidden thoughts and feelings. I find it fascinating how dreams can reveal deeper emotions and unresolved conflicts, helping people gain insight into their struggles and find healing.

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-16 14:00:38 UTC

i am aware of ptsd, ocd, depression and bipolar

cadence quek ep0706/2

2025-01-16 14:03:38 UTC

jenna is experiencing chronic stress. chronic stress occurs when an individual is exposed to stressors for a prolonged period of time, often without relief. This type of stress can persist over weeks, months, or even years and can have long-term effects on health and well-being. Jenna has been in her internship for three months and still has three months to go. Her stress has been ongoing for an extended period of time, indicating a long-term pattern rather than a short-term reaction. She feels overloaded with tasks, lacks guidance, and faces interpersonal challenges with her supervisor. The ongoing nature of these stressors, combined with her physical symptoms (headaches), suggests that the stress has persisted for a significant period. Jenna’s feelings of dread about going to work and the physical symptoms like headaches further indicate the prolonged nature of her stress.

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-16 14:05:42 UTC

Yes, stress and anxiety disorders can certainly be caused by more than one factor. In fact, these disorders are often the result of a complex interaction between multiple factors, including biological, psychological, and environmental influences. Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to anxiety disorders, meaning they are more likely to develop these conditions due to inherited traits. If a person has a family history of anxiety or depression, they may be at higher risk. People with certain personality traits, such as being highly sensitive, perfectionistic, or having low self-esteem, may be more prone to experiencing stress or anxiety. These traits can influence how individuals perceive and cope with stressors.Ongoing stressors, such as work pressure, financial problems, or relationship difficulties, can contribute to the development of stress and anxiety disorders. Prolonged exposure to these stressors may overwhelm the body's ability to cope, leading to more severe anxiety symptoms.

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-16 14:30:40 UTC

For instance, someone with depression might exhibit signs like persistent sadness, a lack of interest in activities once enjoyed, changes in sleep patterns (either sleeping too much or too little), difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness, or even physical symptoms like fatigue and aches. In contrast, someone with bipolar disorder may display extreme mood swings, ranging from periods of high energy, impulsivity, and excessive enthusiasm (manic episodes) to low energy, sadness, and lack of motivation (depressive episodes). These mood shifts can disrupt daily functioning and relationships.

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-16 17:02:04 UTC

I believe the explanation that resonates most is the stress and isolation factor because stress is a common experience that can have profound effects on mental health, particularly when combined with social isolation. This explanation feels especially compelling because humans are inherently social beings, and having a supportive network often serves as a buffer against life’s challenges. Without that support, even minor stressors can feel insurmountable, increasing vulnerability to mood disorders. Additionally, in today's fast-paced and digitalized world, feelings of disconnection and loneliness are increasingly common, making stress and isolation particularly relevant causes of depression.

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-16 17:15:06 UTC

The humanistic intervention of Person-Centered Therapy (PCT) is appealing to me because it focuses on empathy, understanding, and self-empowerment, fostering a safe and non-judgmental environment for personal growth. Unlike approaches that prioritize diagnosing or "fixing" issues, PCT views individuals as inherently capable of finding their solutions and emphasizes their unique experiences and perspectives.

What makes this approach particularly compelling is its emphasis on the therapeutic relationship. The therapist offers unconditional positive regard, genuine care, and acceptance, which helps people to feel truly heard and understood. This can be deeply comforting and empowering, especially for someone who values personal agency and desires a judgment-free space to explore their emotions.

Furthermore, PCT aligns with the idea that people are naturally driven toward self-actualization—achieving their full potential. It encourages individuals to trust themselves, tap into their inner resources, and make choices aligned with their values.

tan wei leng EL/EP0706/FT/12

2025-01-21 02:07:50 UTC

i'm aware of some of the more common ones such as PTSD, depression, anxiety etc

tan wei leng EL/EP0706/FT/12

2025-01-21 02:47:41 UTC

she's experiencing chronic stress as the internship has been going on for months and she often experiences headaches and dreads going to work, showing that she believes that the stress is never-ending & it is inescapable as she cannot skip it or else her attendance would drop.

tan wei leng EL/EP0706/FT/12

2025-01-21 03:27:20 UTC

stress and anxiety disorders can definitely be caused by more than one factor. some factors can be out of a person's control such as being vulnerable to anxiety disorders when it runs in the genetics. people are not one-dimensional; there is a complex relationship between different factors such as biological, psychological, sociocultural etc. we cannot just look at one factor when diagnosing disorders, we have to look at their entire wellbeing as a whole and consider every factor to determine the root causes

renee el/ep0706/FT/07

2025-01-21 08:04:02 UTC

i know about MDD, PDD, PPD, BPD, bipolar 1, bipolar 2, OCD, SAD, DID, ADHD, ADD, ASD, PTSD, GAD, AN, BN, BED, ASPD, HPD, SUD, and AUD

tan wei leng EL/EP0706/FT/12

2025-01-21 08:52:01 UTC

i noticed a friend in the past displaying many symptoms of depression such as feeling depressed, taking little to no pleasure in any activities, tiredness & fatigue etc. however, when i asked him about it, he says that he's too scared to open up to his parents as they would take it very lightly or downplay his feelings.

tan wei leng EL/EP0706/FT/12

2025-01-21 09:07:03 UTC

i believe in the stress and isolation explanation the most as in Singapore, we live in a rat race to see who can become the most successful. this leads to a lot of pressure being placed on people from a young age with stress from exams and isolation arising if they don't make friends. thus, these can have an adverse impact on people which makes them more susceptible to mood disorders

tan wei leng EL/EP0706/FT/12

2025-01-21 10:12:50 UTC

the psychodynamic therapy intervention appeals to me most as it is more therapist driven, which is better for me as i am someone who needs guidance quite often or i wouldn't know what to say or do. the free association also allows me to talk about everything on my mind without being judged which is something that would be quite helpful to me as an overthinking who constantly worries about what others would think of me

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-24 11:30:18 UTC

I can talk to someone I trust such as trusted friends, family, or a counselor. They provide me with a space where I can verbalise my stress and lighten my burden, at the same time, they can offer their perspectives

cadence quek ep0706/02

2025-01-24 11:33:45 UTC

I can practice active listening by being a safe space for them to share their feelings without judgment or trying to "fix" them. In addition, do things like validating their emotions by saying things like, "It’s okay to feel this way" or "I’m here for you."

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-01 06:29:47 UTC

Some mental health conditions I am aware of are PTSD, OCD, bipolar, depression, anxiety

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-01 06:42:41 UTC

Jenna is likely experiencing chronic stress due to what she is going through at work now. She is overloaded with work and receiving little or not support from others, which is putting pressure on her. She was also often being reprimanded by her supervisor in front of others, creating a hostile work environment. These has caused her to experience headaches and feeling unwell. All these stress could lead to burnout and exhaustion, causing health problem if not well managed

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-01 07:00:53 UTC

Yes stress and anxiety disorders can be caused by multiple factors because of the complex interaction between mind, body and environment. Some factors like biological factor where a family has history of anxiety disorders, an individual is also likely to have. Psychological factor involved in negative thinking, low-self esteem or trauma from the past can also be the cause. Environment factor such as peer pressure, work environment and family conflict can activate a person’s body’s stress response.

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-01 07:09:00 UTC

One way to be aware is to pay attention to my body and mind for signs of stress, such as feeling anxious or difficulty sleeping. Another is to get regular feedback from people around me. People around me tend to notice changes of my behaviours more easily than I do. Asking them for input if they noticed any changes to me.

Akash EP0706

2025-02-03 06:39:19 UTC

OCD, depression, ADHD, Autism, dsylexia etc..

akash EP0706/01

2025-02-03 06:43:39 UTC

Chronic Stress

akash EP0706/01

2025-02-03 07:10:50 UTC

Yes. stress and anxiety can be caused by multiple factors such as biological factors like faulty neurotransmitters coupled with sociocultural factors like phobias associated with specific cultures

akash EP0706/01

2025-02-03 07:36:42 UTC

frequent changes in attitude. sudden bursts of anger/euphoria

akash EP0706

2025-02-03 07:41:41 UTC

sociocultural modal and biological model. They seem to make the most logic whereby everyone is different biologically and face different sociocultural situations that might affect their tendencies/risk of developing mood disorders.

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 09:21:18 UTC

OCD, PTSD, bipolar disorder, anorexia, depression, schizophrenia, anxiety

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 09:28:21 UTC

Jenna is most probably experiencing chronic Stress, as the pressure of how the internship will affect her grade significantly as well as how her supervisor have been reprimanding her in front of her co-workers may lead to distress as it can be humiliating to be reprimanded in front of everyone, to add on most of her colleagues are much older thus she does not really have a strong community support within her workplace which further contributes as she is unable to seek anyone in her workplace for help when she needs.

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 09:46:55 UTC

Yes, I do think that stress and anxiety disorders can be caused by more than one factor, and these factors often link together. For example, the psychodynamic model suggests that repressed emotions or unresolved conflicts from the past can resurface, causing inner tension and anxiety. This emotional buildup might make a person more sensitive to stress in daily life. The behavioral model also shows how someone can be conditioned to fear certain situations based on negative experiences, reinforcing their anxiety. these factors have the possibility to connect and influence each other leading to stress and anxiety.

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 16:13:51 UTC

one way to be aware and to keep track of your stress and avoid anxiety is to really listen to your body. If you start feeling a bit warm, tense or notice that a certain situation is making you uncomfortable or stressed when you think about it. it could indicate that your stress levels might be increasing. however, paying attention to these little signals can help you deal with the stress before it turns into anxiety.

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 16:15:59 UTC

sudden outburst of emotions
drastic mood swings
long-term depression

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 16:19:59 UTC

the explanation on psychodynamic model, as it feels the most believable that many of us have a lot of suppressed emotions that we either unconsciously suppressed due to conforming to the crowd or due to past traumatic experiences thus i find that it is the most true in terms of how mood disorders may likely be formed because there is a lot of undealt emotions and feelings that resurfaces, with so much resurfaces emotions, one might not be able to cope with it which then may lead to mood disorders.

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 16:25:07 UTC

the therapeutic intervention of psychodynamic intervention appeals to me the most as it is able to help individual who have unconsciously suppressed their emotions to learn how to deal with it in a safe manner as therapist may help the individual to understand how some of their suppressed fears and emotions contributes to their current mood and behaviours. the therapeutic intervention of cognitive behavioural therapy also appeals to me as i feel that generally people tend to think negatively first when a thought comes into their brain thus with this form of therapy it helps individuals to divert the automatic negative thoughts to ones that are more positive.

Ong Zhi Hui EL/EP0706/FT/15

2025-02-03 16:28:32 UTC

how i can support someone living with mood disorder is to be a listening ear to them when they are struggling with a lot of big emotions and to validate how they feel by encouraging them that it is okay to feel what they are feeling and to not condemn them for feeling a certain way. and if it gets too serious, i may encourage them to seek for better professional help.

Jordan EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-04 09:51:51 UTC

OCD, PTSD, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:16:01 UTC

Depression, anxiety, bipolar, ocd

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:18:08 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chronic workplace stress due to bullying, role overload, and lack of social support. Her supervisor's public reprimands create a hostile work environment, and her excessive workloads with little guidance leave her feeling overwhelmed. The absence of relatable colleagues heightens her sense of isolation. Her persistent fear of going to work and frequent headaches indicate physical stress, potentially leading to burnout.

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:21:12 UTC

Yes, as stress and anxiety disorders are caused by various factors, including biological predisposition, psychological traits, environmental factors like work stress, social isolation, and financial difficulties. For example, someone with a genetic predisposition to anxiety might not experience symptoms until they face environmental stressors, such as a high-pressure job or personal loss.

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:25:13 UTC

To handle stress and avoid anxiety, I need to pay attention to how I react in different situations. Noticing things like feeling tired, having headaches, trouble sleeping, or getting irritated can help me figure out what’s causing my stress. Taking breaks and using relaxation methods can help me stay in control and prevent stress from building up into anxiety.

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:28:06 UTC

• Frequent mood swings, ranging from joy to sadness or irritability. • Loss of interest in once enjoyable activities. • Withdrawal from friends and family. • Constant low energy, difficulty sleeping. • Difficulty concentrating or making decisions. • Expressing feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness.

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:30:18 UTC

I believe that mood disorders are a result of a combination of genetics, life experiences, brain chemistry, and lifestyle choices, all of which are interconnected and can be triggered or worsened by factors such as poor sleep, unhealthy eating, or lack of exercise.

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:32:19 UTC

The cognitive-behavioral therapy appeals to me the most as it is an effective therapeutic intervention that helps individuals change negative thought patterns and behaviors, manage stress, anxiety, and mood disorders, and teach practical coping skills, empowering individuals to actively work on solutions.

Foo En Qi EL/EP0706/FT/09

2025-02-05 03:33:34 UTC

I can support someone with a mood disorder by being patient, listening to them, and letting them know I’m there for them without judging how they feel. Encouraging them to talk about their emotions and reminding them that they’re not alone can help. If they need professional help.

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-05 22:27:42 UTC

OCD, depression, panic disorder, bipolar disorder, ODD, schizophrenia

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-05 22:31:42 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chronic stress, this one of the many types of stresses where it is longer term, and at times will seem to be never ending and inescapable which fits Jenna's current situation where she HAS to complete her internship with a certain attendance to graduate and she has no choice but to do it even though its gives her pressure, anxiety and makes her feel overwhelmed

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-05 22:34:58 UTC

Yes, i think that it can be caused by more than 1 factor, for example there are many different ways to understand why people might go through certain mental health disorders, the biological model suggests thta our genetics and faulty transmitters are the the causes of these disorders, whereas the psychodynamic models suggest that our repressed urges and conflicts can surface or be demonstrated as anxiety and so on

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-05 22:36:49 UTC

To be aware I will need to be self aware and keep track of my daily emotions, I will need to be able to notice and react if I am feeling too stressed out or overwhelmed with schoolwork or other matters and know and acknowledge that a break is needed to prevent stress from accumulating long term and it being lead to anxiety.

Heng Yi Ep0706/FT/11

2025-02-06 06:38:20 UTC

I am aware of depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, OCD, PTSD.

Heng Yi EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-06 06:43:36 UTC

Jenna is facing chronic stress. With Jenna having to deal with her supervisor's continuous reprimands, humiliating her in front of her colleagues, and overworking her with large sums of tasks, she began facing signs of being physical unwell as well as dreading to go to work everyday and having to experience the mentally hexing reprimands of her supervisor. Since she still has 3 more months left for her internship, it may seem as if it was inescapable torture for her.

Heng Yi EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-06 06:56:53 UTC

Definitely, stress and anxiety disorders can be caused by a multitude of factors that merges as an overwhelming surge of negative emotions such as sadness and anger. For example, from the psychodynamic model, one may have repressed urges and conflicts from previous negative experiences that could surface in the form of anxiety which can be contributed by illogical and irrational ideation from the behavioural and cognitive model when facing situations similar to past negative experiences.

Heng Yi EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-06 07:02:40 UTC

Everyday, I have to monitor and identify any deviation from my usual normal behaviour and how frequent it occurs. Such as if most days I am feeling stressed and unmotivated to do tasks, it is a clear indicator of high and unhealthy stress levels. Therefore I know that immediate action must me taken to decrease my stress levels such as expressing my problems with friends and family to hopefully gain advice on ways to manage my stress levels effectively.

2025-02-06 07:59:28 UTC

i am aware of anxiety, depression and bipolar

chew jin ming EL/EP0706/FT15

2025-02-06 08:04:09 UTC

i believe she is experiencing chronic stress. since the intern is 3 months long, it may cause her to have a long term stress. moreover without the help of her colleagues and more pressure from her boss tend to stress her even more.

chew jin ming EL/EP0706/FT15

2025-02-06 08:19:43 UTC

i believe stress and anxiety disorders could be caused by more than one factor. however, there will always be the first thing that triggered the disorder. for example, a student attend school and she is feeling very stress. she started to feel stress is due to her parents pressuring her to do well. that is when everything start to feel overwhleming for her. once the parent start pressuring, she start to be aware of her results. she started to be aware how lack behind she is compared to her friends. thus, i believe it can be caused by more than one factor.

Marcus Cheong Wee Xuan EL/EP0706/FT/04

2025-02-06 11:09:56 UTC

Depression, PTSD, anxiety.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:11:06 UTC

depression, eating disorder, ptsd

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:23:13 UTC

i think jenna is experiencing chronic workplace stress due to toxic work environment, work overload and lack if social support. her harsh supervisor, excessive workload with little guidance and inability to connect with older colleagues create emotional distress. she dreads work daily and experiences physical symptoms like headaches indicating chronic stress that could lead to burnout or anxiety if unmanaged.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:26:31 UTC

yes as stress and anxiety disorders are usually caused by multiple factors. biological influences like genetics and neurotransmitter imbalances can increase vulnerability while psychological factors such as negative thinking or past trauma worsen symptoms. social stressors like work pressure, financial struggles or lack of support can trigger anxiety. these factors interact making anxiety disorders complex and unique to each person.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:29:15 UTC

i can pay attention to physical signs like headaches and fatigue, emotional changes like irritability and behavioural shifts like poor sleeping pattern or appetite changes. i could also keep a stress journal to practice mindfulness and notice how i reach to daily challenges. and if stress gets overwhelming, i can seek support early to prevent it from escalating into anxiety.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:30:49 UTC

persistent sadness, extreme mood swings, irritability and loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:32:42 UTC

i believe in biopsychological model as the most comprehensible for mood disorders as it considers multiple interacting factors rather than a single cause.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:34:26 UTC

cognitive behavioural therapy appeals to me the most as it is practical, evidence-based and widely effective for treating various mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression and mood disorders.

jermaine tan ep0706/04

2025-02-06 12:36:37 UTC

listen to them without judging to allow them to express their feelings without trying to ‘fix’ them. i can also be patient and understanding as mood disorders are complex and healing takes time. lastly i could also give regular check ins as a simple ‘how are you feeling today?’ can make a difference.

gerlynn EP0706/FT/08

2025-02-06 13:28:46 UTC

ptsd, anxiety, depression

gerlynn EP0706/FT/08

2025-02-06 13:33:32 UTC

chronic stress which could have been caused due to several reasons such as pressure to perform well, lack of support from others. and she suffers from chronic headache, which suggests the prolonged stress

gerlynn ep0706/ft/08

2025-02-06 13:36:15 UTC

yes, it can be caused by various factors such as genetics, neurotransmitter imbalances, the kind of environment one is in etc

Lynn Ae EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:37:15 UTC

Depression, PSTD, OCD, Bipolar, Schizophrenia

gerlynn ep0706/ft/08

2025-02-06 13:39:48 UTC

through recognising my body signals such as headahce, insomnia, muscle tension etc. there are also other ways such as the sudden change in emotion/behaviour

Lynn Ae EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:40:29 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chronic stress. Since it is a 3 month period (long), she seems to not be able to catch a break as she's juggling huge workload at the same time, as well as not having other guidance (which should be her supervisor, looking after her and guiding her). As a result, Jenna dreads work, is burnt out, and is starting to notice physical pain manifested from her chronic stress.

gerlynn ep0706/ft/08

2025-02-06 13:40:51 UTC

extreme mood swings, no longer interested in what they used to find joy in, difficulty in concentrating

Lynn Ae EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:43:14 UTC

Yes, I think it can be caused by multiple factors. They can result from a combination of things like work pressure, personal relationships, health issues, financial problems, or past trauma.

Lynn Ae EL/EP706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:44:50 UTC

Paying attention to any odd physical changes in my body (weight, skin etc...)
Note sudden change in behaviour/mood

Lynn AE EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:46:38 UTC

Persistent sadness, loss of interest once enjoyed, reduced appettite, mood swings

Lynn Ae EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:49:00 UTC

I think using the BPS model would be the most comprehensive way of explaining causes of mood disorders. It can consider the biological, psychological and social factors at the same time. The biological aspect considers genetic predispositions, brain chemistry, and hormonal imbalances that can make someone more vulnerable to mood disorders. The psychological factors explore how a person’s thoughts, emotions, past experiences, and coping mechanisms influence their mental health. The social component examines how life events, relationships, societal pressures, and environmental factors can contribute to the development or worsening of mood disorders. By integrating all these perspectives, the BPS model offers a holistic understanding of the complex interplay between different factors that can lead to mood disorders.

saniya

2025-02-06 13:51:20 UTC

bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

Lynn Ae EL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:52:44 UTC

Cognitive behavioural therapy. It is effective because it helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. By challenging unhelpful thoughts, it improves emotions and actions, leading to healthier coping strategies. It is structured and can be tailored to various mental health challenges for long-lasting results. For me, I go through many different challenges each year, so by sticking to one approach, it helps me stay focused on managing my thoughts and behaviors. It allows me to identify negative patterns, challenge them, and develop healthier ways of coping, leading to more stable emotional responses and better overall well-being.

Lynn Ae ELL/EP0706/FT/13

2025-02-06 13:54:29 UTC

Listen to them without judgement: we should offer them a safe space to open up their feelings, and we should listen actively
Be patient: Understand that recovery takes time, and there may be ups and downs.

saniya

2025-02-06 13:55:00 UTC

chronic - as she feels she can’t escape it and it is long term

saniya

2025-02-06 13:55:51 UTC

yes, as there can be multiple reason why someone has an anxiety disorder it could be something biological, social or psychological

saniya

2025-02-06 13:56:27 UTC

check if i am feeling and symptoms and practice exercises to reduce it such as exercising

saniya

2025-02-06 14:17:44 UTC

consistent sadness, loss in appetite, losing interest in things you once had

saniya 06

2025-02-06 14:18:48 UTC

consistent sadness, loss in appetite, losing interest in things you once had

Eric Tay JiaJun EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-06 14:33:10 UTC

depression

Zachary Seow EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-06 14:33:40 UTC

I am aware of OCD, Bipolar disorder , phobias , PTSD

Zachary Seow EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-06 14:38:06 UTC

chronic stress, this is because she has been experiencing it for over 3 months and she dreads going to work because of the pressure of the workplace and no one to relate to in her current situation which also caused her to feel constant headaches

Eric Tay JiaJun EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-06 14:39:01 UTC

Chronic stress from her supervisor

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:39:08 UTC

Some health conditions I know are bipolar disorder and OCD

Zachary Seow EL/EP0706/ft07

2025-02-06 14:39:17 UTC

Yes it can be caused by both social and biological factors as your environment that may be toxic can cause you to feel stress and anxiety but your genetics also determine how easily you feel stress or anxiety

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:41:12 UTC

Jenna is facing chronic stress. It has been going on for a while as she started her internship 3 months ago. She is facing a lot of stress in work. For instance, she felt overloaded and felt that she had no one to rely on in work.

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:42:40 UTC

Yes, society and anxiety disorder can be caused by more than 1 factors. These include genetics or social factors.

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:45:50 UTC

I can be aware of my stress level by paying attention to my body. For example, if I experience constant headache, it may be a sign that my stress level is increasing. I can also find ways to counter my stress level if I know that there is a trigger event that may increase my stress level. For example, during exam season, I can take breaks so that I can prevent burn out from studying

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:46:49 UTC

persistent sadness
constant increase of stress level
extreme mood swings

Eric Tay JiaJun EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-06 14:49:11 UTC

I think that Stress and Anxiety disorders can be caused by more than 1 factor. They could be a combination of factors that can be explained by the BPS model

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:49:33 UTC

I can lend them a listening ear by giving them space to share their experiences/problem with me. I can also practice empathy and by being patient when conversing with them.

saniya EP0706/FT/06

2025-02-06 14:59:30 UTC

chronic stress

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 14:59:45 UTC

The social cultural model and biological model are the two models that I think are the most relevant to the causes of mood disorders. The biological approach refers to genetic factors and social cultural approach refer to the exposure we are in.

saniya EP0706/FT/06

2025-02-06 15:00:01 UTC

yes as it can have other factors such as biological, social and psychological

saniya EP0706/FT/06

2025-02-06 15:00:39 UTC

notice if i am feeling any symptoms of stress and practicing stress relieving activities

saniya EP0706/FT/06

2025-02-06 15:01:33 UTC

The BPS model would be the most suitable way to explain the causes of mood disorders

saniya EP0706/FT/06

2025-02-06 15:03:06 UTC

cognitive behavioural therapy

as it allows people to be be aware of the issues and correct their behaviour is and belief/ understanding

saniya EP0706/FT/06

2025-02-06 15:03:53 UTC

Listen to their needs

Hoon Ying Han FT01

2025-02-06 15:08:25 UTC

Cognitive behavioural therapy as it helps an individual to overcome the automatic beliefs that they had previously and use different strategies to change an individuals behaviour. This could help to overcome and improve disorders.

riesia class 12

2025-02-06 15:21:01 UTC

adhd, autisim

riesia class 12

2025-02-06 15:23:19 UTC

chronic stress

riesia class 12

2025-02-06 15:32:25 UTC

yes it could be caused by biologically, psychological and social factors

Vineeta EL/EP0706/FT14

2025-02-06 17:17:09 UTC

Im aware of anxiety disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders and PTSD

Vineeta EL/EP0706/FT14

2025-02-06 17:18:10 UTC

She is facing chronic stress

Vineeta EL/EP0706/FT14

2025-02-06 17:23:45 UTC

Yes, stress and anxiety disorders can be cause by more than one factor, which is why the Biopcychosocial model is often used to explain these disorders

Vineeta EL/EP0706/FT14

2025-02-06 17:32:01 UTC

pay attention to physical symptoms
Monitor my emotions
Track my stress triggers
Practise healthy lifestyle habits

Vineeta EL/EP0706/FT14

2025-02-06 17:35:31 UTC

loss on interest
Appetite changes
Change in sleep patterns

Wong YuXuan EL/EP/0706/FT07

2025-02-10 07:14:11 UTC

appetite changes
sleep pattern changes
constant periods (down mood)

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT07

2025-02-10 07:23:05 UTC

The BPS model as it takes different approaches from the different psychological approaches to explain a certain situation, it takes in all the factors and provides a more comprehensive explanantion.

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-10 07:25:34 UTC

The psychodynamic intervention as the client are free and encouraged to talk about whatever they wish to without the fear of embarrassment or rejection, this reveals what they are feeling deep down and unconscientiously. The therapist can then guide the client to deal with these feelings in a safe manner and it can also help improve on their mood and behaviour.

Wong YuXuan EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-10 07:26:51 UTC

Being there for them (lending a listening ear without negative judgement)
Knowing when and where to refer them to more professional help
Being patient and empathetic towards them

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 06:23:40 UTC

I am aware of obsessive-compulsive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 06:27:36 UTC

Jenna is experiencing acute stress and occupational stress.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 06:35:06 UTC

I think Stress and Anxiety Disorders can be caused by more than 1 factor. I think the factors are Environmental Stressors and Genetic and Biological factors. For Environmental Stressors, external factors like work pressure, school challenges, relationship difficulties, financial problems, or major life changes (e.g., moving, loss of a loved one) can cause stress and contribute to anxiety. For Genetic and Biological Factors, some people may be more predisposed to anxiety or stress due to their genetic makeup or changes in brain chemistry, such as imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin or dopamine.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 07:04:12 UTC

I can Practice Mindfulness or Relaxation Techniques. I can also ask trusted friends or family for feedback about how I am doing to provide valuable insight. They may notice changes in my behaviour or mood that I haven't recognised.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 07:07:58 UTC

Some signs of mood disorders I have observed in people are mood swings, irritability and difficulty concentrating or making decisions.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 07:10:03 UTC

I believe the most in the BPS model. The biopsychosocial model encourages a comprehensive approach to treatment. For example, someone experiencing depression might benefit from medication to address neurochemical imbalances, therapy to change negative thought patterns, and lifestyle changes to improve sleep and physical health.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 07:13:35 UTC

The therapeutic intervention that appeals to me most is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT is one of the most well-researched and widely used forms of therapy for a variety of mental health conditions, including mood disorders like depression and anxiety. Countless studies and clinical trials have shown that CBT is highly effective in helping individuals identify and change negative thought patterns, behaviors, and emotional responses that contribute to their distress.

Javier Chiang EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-02-11 07:23:33 UTC

I can support by educating myself about the disorder. I can learn about the specific mood disorder the person is experiencing, whether it’s depression, bipolar disorder, or another condition. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options can help me better empathise with their experience and provide informed support.

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-12 02:51:02 UTC

Some symptoms of mood disorders include:

Ongoing sad or anxious
Having little to no appetite
Not interested in activities
Issue with sleeping

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-12 03:03:55 UTC

I believe in the BPS model the most in terms of explaining the causes. The 3 factors are inter-linked and this model recognises the complex and multifaceted nature, which contributes to a person’s development.

Wong Yixin EL/EL0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-12 03:23:20 UTC

The most effective one that appeals to me is the cognitive interventions. It allows individuals and to recognise and change those negative thoughts that could possibly cause to mood disorders. It empowers individuals with practical and long term skills and not rely on other factors.

Wong Yixin EL/EP0706/FT/14

wongyixin0301 — 2025-02-12 03:30:51 UTC

Be there for them and give them listening ear
Educate myself what are their symptoms and disorders
Encourage them to keep up with treatment and medication ( if needed to)

Heng Yi EL/EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-13 03:49:30 UTC

Some symptoms I have notice are

Feeling hopeless, and worthless
Uninterested in activities they've once enjoyed
Sudden change in mood or consistent anxiousness or sadness.
Struggles with relationships

Heng Yi EL/EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-13 03:56:08 UTC

I only fully believe in making use of the BPS model to explain the causes of mood disorders. When someone is facing a mood disorder, it could be caused by biological, psychological and social factors. Such as biological, it could be due to faulty neurotransmitters, but for psychological, it could be that they have difficulties handling their emotions and behaviors. For social factors, it can be caused by stress, past trauma, and the surrounding environmental factors.

Heng Yi EL/EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-13 04:01:33 UTC

The psychodynamic interventions appeal to me the most because it makes use of free association where clients can freely approach them without fearing of any judgement, letting out their deepest struggles as a way of releasing the repressed emotions. Not only that, they make use of dreams to interpret the mental state of their client as dreams depict our unconscious emotions and how we truly feel.

Heng Yi EL/EP0706/FT/11

2025-02-13 04:06:53 UTC

I can support someone by learning the different symptoms and types of mood disorders before administering help based on the mood disorder they are facing. I can build on my skill on listening to understand from their perspective instead of listening to respond as people who face such struggles just wish to have someone who is willing to lend a listening ear.

Vivian Chen EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-13 08:22:29 UTC

having trouble sleeping
changes in appetide
fluctuations in mood, depressed for a period of time but overly energetic for a period of time afterwards

Vivian Chen EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-13 08:30:35 UTC

The BPS model since it links the different aspects of our life socially, biologically and psychologically together. It can show how our interactions with others, mindset and effects from our brain chemicals are linked together. Hence, the reason for mood disorders to occur is not just purely one area of the BPS model.

Eric Tay JiaJun EL/EP0706/FT/07

2025-02-13 10:20:12 UTC

tiredness and fatigue, change in appetite and weight and taking little to no pleasure in any activities

EL/EP0706/FT/07 Zachary Seow

2025-02-13 14:43:44 UTC

Low appetite, constant mood swings , manic episodes,weight dropping,

EL/EP0706/FT/07 Zachary Seow

2025-02-13 14:46:16 UTC

The BPS model shows how different factors can affect a person and even cause mood disorders and it makes sense because I think that not only 1 factor causes mood disorders but a combination of many that really leads to most people developing them

EL/EP0706/FT/07 Zachary Seow

2025-02-13 14:50:51 UTC

I think the person centred approach appeals to me the most as I think people rarely have someone where they can just be vulnerable with and display all their emotions to and by really being there for them and hearing them out and validating their experiences it can really help them feel more cared for and help them build self acceptance

Chee Ju Hun EP0706/05

2025-07-27 05:28:23 UTC

PTSD

OCD

bipolar disorder

eating disorder

Chee Ju Hun EP0706/05

2025-07-27 05:29:43 UTC

know my triggers

healthy lifestyle (diet, sleep, exercise)

Chee Ju Hun EP0706/05

2025-07-27 05:31:07 UTC

washing hands numerous times

washing clothing vigorously and for very long

Jaylyn Wong EL/FT/EP0706/01

2025-07-30 05:11:32 UTC

ADHD

Depression

PTSD

Bipolar disorder

Jaylyn Wong EL/FT/EP0706/01

2025-07-30 05:13:45 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chronic stress

Koh Min Hwee EL/EP0706/FT/01

2025-07-30 05:14:06 UTC

I am aware of bipolar disorder, OCD, and PTSD.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-07-30 13:29:59 UTC

I am aware of anxiety, PTSD, schizophrenia, ect

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-07-30 13:36:33 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chronic stress. The stress is due to a taxing internship with little support, repeated public reprimands, and isolation from colleagues.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-07-30 13:49:28 UTC

Yes, I think stress and anxiety disorders can definitely be caused by more than one factor. I think that its not always just one thing that triggers it but sometimes a mix of things like pressure from school or work, personal problems, past experiences, or family. For example, someone might already feel stressed from studies, and if something else happens like family issues, it can all build up and lead to anxiety. So I believe it’s usually a combination of factors, not just one.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-07-30 13:50:33 UTC

I can be aware of my stress by noticing changes in my mood, sleep, or body. If I catch it early, I can manage it before it becomes worse.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-07-30 13:51:51 UTC

Some signs I’ve noticed are when people seem sad all the time, lose interest in things they used to enjoy, or get angry easily. They might also avoid others or look really tired even after resting.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-07-30 13:53:48 UTC

I think the biopsychosocial (BPS) model makes the most sense because it looks at different factors. Some people might have a family history (bio), go through tough life events (psycho), or not have much support from friends or family (social). It’s usually a mix of these that causes mood disorders, not just one thing.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-08-14 16:37:47 UTC

I think Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) appeals to me most because it helps people change negative thoughts and behaviours. It seems practical and something I could actually use to manage stress or anxiety in real life.

Sin Wen Xiang | EL/EP0706/FT/02

2025-08-14 16:38:36 UTC

I can support someone with a mood disorder by being patient and listening without judgment. I can encourage them to get professional help, check in on how they’re feeling, and be understanding if they need space or have bad days.

Val Puah IP08

2025-12-31 05:54:01 UTC

OCD, PTSD

Val Puah IP08

2025-12-31 06:38:46 UTC

Chronic stress

Val Puah IP08

2025-12-31 06:48:31 UTC

I think that stress and anxiety disorder can be caused by more than 1 factor as there are so many things that affect a person to cause these disorders like the biological model, psychodynamic model and many more

Val Puah IP08

2025-12-31 06:49:23 UTC

Noticing change in my behaviors like sudden mood changes

Val Puah IP08

2025-12-31 06:52:29 UTC

change in appetite, mood swings like feeling depressed for a period of time and feeling happy after

Val Puah IP08

2025-12-31 08:46:57 UTC

The BPS model as i believe that they must all act together in order to cause mood disorders like how biologically is based off our genetics, psychologically, we need to go through events and socially, how people around us affect us

Val Puah Ip08

2025-12-31 09:03:47 UTC

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) appeals to me because it is practical, structured, and goal-oriented, helping people identify and change negative thought patterns. It teaches coping skills that can be applied in daily life, helping individuals to manage challenges independently. Being evidence-based and effective for many issues makes it reliable and relevant in real-world settings.

Val Puah 08

2025-12-31 09:04:38 UTC

By being patient and listening to them when they faced a situation allows them to let out their feelings and feel supported, helping them

Janelle Lim Yi Ru EL/EP0706/FT/04

2026-01-23 07:08:31 UTC

Anxiety, depression, bipolar, PTSD

Janelle Lim Yi Ru EL/EP0706/FT/04

2026-01-23 07:12:02 UTC

Chronic stress.

Janelle Lim Yi Ru EL/EP0706/FT/04

2026-01-23 07:25:11 UTC

Yes, it can be caused by more than 1 because there are many models that help with different factors of stress and anxiety.

Kisabelle Pek (EL/EP0706/FT/02)

2026-01-24 02:02:28 UTC

Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar disorder, OCD

Kisabelle Pek EL/EP0706/FT/02

2026-01-24 02:10:23 UTC

Chronic stress as it has been happening for 3 months and she’s been feeling unwell and experiencing headaches often

Kisabelle Pek EL/EP0706/FT/02

2026-01-24 02:22:50 UTC

yes i think that stress and anxiety disorders can be caused by more than one factor as our social experiences, biological factors, and psychological thinking can all build up together to cause anxiety

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-24 02:44:14 UTC

OCD, PTSD, DID, ADHD, Depression

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-24 02:54:37 UTC

She has chronic stress due to the taxing workplace she’s at for 3 months.

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-24 03:16:28 UTC

Yes, stress and anxiety disorders can be caused by more than one factor. Biological, psychological, and environmental factors are interconnected to one another and manifest into these disorders, unique to the individual. For example, genetics, traumatic experiences, social life etc. contribute to how these disorders form.

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-24 03:24:25 UTC

I can pay attention to any physical symptoms like shallow breathing or headaches and try to alleviate the stress by taking breaks and meditating.

Shang Li, IP12

2026-01-25 06:31:09 UTC

PTSD, Depression, bipolar, antisocial

Shang Li, IP12

2026-01-25 07:09:24 UTC

Chronic stress

Shang Li, IP12

2026-01-25 07:23:39 UTC

yes. it can be caused by other factors

Sim Jia Min IP08

2026-01-25 13:12:11 UTC

Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, BPD

Sim Jia Min IP08

2026-01-25 13:12:57 UTC

Chronic Stress

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-26 12:54:41 UTC

PTSD, OCD, anxiety and depression

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-26 12:57:00 UTC

Chronic stress. She has to tolerate such behavior from her supervisor for 6 months, which is slightly longer term.

"dreads going to work everyday" implies that it is inescapable too

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-26 13:41:06 UTC

Yes, it can be caused by more than one factor, such as biological and cognitive aspects.

Focusing on the above aspects, if stress and anxiety disorders run in the family, there is an increased vulnerability of the offspring having the disorders.

Moreover, if the child is experiencing illogical Automatic Negative Thoughts due to his environment, it will also increase the likelihood of having such disorders

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-26 13:57:27 UTC

Note my heart rate. If it's more than 100 even though I did not perform any sports activity, I will practice my breathing to prevent anxiety

I will also tell myself to focus on what I can do now, rather than dulling on my past and being depressed about it.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline (EL/EP0706/FT/10)

2026-01-28 08:25:43 UTC

Some mental health conditions I know are PTSD,OCD,anxiety,depression,DID,bipolar

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline (EL/EP0706/FT/10)

2026-01-28 08:35:58 UTC

Jenna is experiencing Chronic stress.She needs to deal with her supervisor for like 6 months which is inescapable for her since it occurs during her internship.

Fong Cun Wei EL/EP0706/FT 02

2026-01-28 08:49:59 UTC

OCD, Depression, PTSD, schizophonia

Fong Cun Wei EL/EP0706/FT/02

2026-01-28 08:53:09 UTC

Jenna is experiencing chornic stress as she is currently being overloaded with a lot of things in work and having no one in the work force to relate or talk to

Fong Cun Wei EL/EP0706/FT/02

2026-01-28 08:54:27 UTC

Stress and Anxiety disorders can definitely be caused by more than 1 factor as they could be many factors like family issues, work issues, school related issues than could all build up and make a person break.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline (EL/EP0706/FT/10)

2026-01-28 09:02:23 UTC

I think Stress and Anxiety Disorders could be caused by more than one factor.Probably the environment,genetic and many more.This could cause one to have stress or have anxiety disorders.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline (EL/EP0706/FT/10)

2026-01-28 09:03:59 UTC

If I feel dizzy,nausea or cant concentrate at all,I will try to take a break from what I am doing and relax for some time.

Lee Jia Hwee (IP14)

2026-01-28 09:43:24 UTC

Some mental health conditions I am aware of are OCD, PTSD, anxiety and panic disorder.

Lee Jia Hwee (IP14)

2026-01-28 10:00:33 UTC

Jenna is experiencing stress that is turning into anxiety. She feels stressed because of heavy workload, poor treatment from her supervisor, and pressure to complete her internship. Over time, this stress causes her to feel anxious, dread going to work, and have physical symptoms like headaches.

Chloe Tan Yu Xuan (IP11)

2026-01-28 10:36:06 UTC

Mental health conditions I'm aware of: PTSD, Depression, ADHD

Chloe Tan Yu Xuan (IP11)

2026-01-28 10:45:02 UTC

I think Jenna's experiencing episodic acute stress. Jenna's experience of having headache, burdened out etc seems more of a short-term type of stress that happens daily. Especially since these feelings of stress is coming from her internship, which is only 3 months to ending.

Chloe Tan Yu Xuan (IP11)

2026-01-28 11:09:10 UTC

Yes, I think stress & anxiety disorders can be caused by more than 1 factor.

For eg, acute stress can be caused by overflowing school work and also friendship issues at the same time.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (IP06)

2026-01-28 12:54:17 UTC

Depression, anxiety, Cluster-B disorders like bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (IP06)

2026-01-28 13:03:18 UTC

I think Jenna is experiencing episodic acute stress as she has difficulty managing day-to-day stresses at work such as her portfolios, unable to relate to colleagues and facing her supervisor.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (IP06)

2026-01-28 13:21:50 UTC

I think Stress and Anxiety Disorders can be caused more than one factor, such as genetics, for example a parent has had PTSD or other disorders. It can also be affected by environment.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (IP06)

2026-01-28 13:22:25 UTC

Evaluate the causes of my stress and think what is the worst that could happen, as I often find myself catastrophising.

Teoh Jia Qi Felicia (IP07)

2026-01-28 14:13:57 UTC

Anxiety, depression, PTSD, OCD

Teoh Jia Qi Felicia (IP07)

2026-01-28 14:22:33 UTC

I think Jenna is experiencing chronic stress as she is stress for 3 months and it's still continuing. She is being reprimanded daily, having difficulties to relate with colleagues and have heavy workloads. Additionally, she has been feeling unwell, experiencing headaches often. Which at times, the stress seems never-ending and inescapable to her.

Teoh Jia Qi Felicia (IP07)

2026-01-28 14:34:45 UTC

I think that stress and anxiety disorder can be caused by more than 1 factor. It can be caused by lifestyle (lack of sleep), environmental factor (school pressure), psychological factor (low-self esteem), and biological factor (genetics).

Teoh Jia Qi Felicia (IP07)

2026-01-28 14:35:57 UTC

Take a break and reflect on what I have been going through and what caused me to be stress, come up with solutions to cope with my stress and do something that makes me happier.

Chloe Teo

2026-01-29 05:31:06 UTC

IPO6

Depression
Anxiety
ADHD

Chloe Teo

2026-01-29 05:39:37 UTC

IP06

She is facing chronic stress because it is long term like stress of staying in on the job with 3 months left. She dread coming to work and has headaches often when she has to do work on her own like figure it out due to age differences in workplace and negative feeling of being publicly scolded by supervisor in front of people she works daily.

Chloe Teo

2026-01-29 06:03:02 UTC

IP06

Anxiety and stress could be caused by more than one factor like lack of sleep, fear of failing and self isolation instead of talking it out with trusted people. The longer they avoid the cause of stress, the higher the chances it will lead to a form of anxiety.

Ryan IP14

2026-01-29 12:32:40 UTC

Depression, bipolar disorder

Ryan ip14

2026-01-29 12:37:27 UTC

I think she is facing chronic stress, she is experiencing a persistent stress due to work in her everyday life that will not go away in the near future. It had lasted for 3 months and will continue for at least another 3 months, hence it is a long-lasting stress aka chronic stress.

Ryan Ip14

2026-01-29 12:49:56 UTC

Yes! I believe that they can be caused by multiple factors, similar to the biopsychosocial model where multiple factors can result to an outcome or feelings of pain

Seah Guan Xuan Caralisa IP12

2026-01-29 14:29:21 UTC

Depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, PTSD, schizophrenia.

Seah Guan Xuan Caralisa IP12

2026-01-29 14:49:43 UTC

Yes. It can be caused by environmental factors, biological factors, social factors and psychological factors.

Seah Guan Xuan Caralisa IP12

2026-01-29 15:28:47 UTC

Jenna is facing chronic stress because the duration of her internship is six months, making it long-term. It also seems to be never-ending as her supervisor often reprimands her in front of her co-workers. Lastly, it seems inescapable as she can only afford to have less than 10% absence, so she has to continue with the internship and endure it for another three months.

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-30 14:58:55 UTC

The explanation using the Behavioral Model is what I believe the most. Especially among younger generations and in Singapore, the kiasu culture makes everyone compete with each other and overexert themselves as they do not want any errors/negative feedback.

When one negative feedback is given, they may blow it out of proportion and have self-defeating thoughts which ultimately increases the likelihood of developing mood disorders.

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-30 15:55:16 UTC

Behavioral Interventions - Conditioning appeals to me the most.

This therapeutic intervention provides 2 distinct types of therapy that uses different methods to change undesirable behaviors to acceptable or desirable ones.

Not everyone utilizes the same method such as systematic desensitization. This method may be more effective to some individuals, but others may be towards participant modeling. Behavioral Interventions provide a wide range of therapeutic methods, allowing therapists to 'choose' based on the individual.

Kisabelle Pek (EL/EP0706/FT/02)

pjykisabelle — 2026-01-31 01:30:23 UTC

I can be aware through realising changes in myself such as feeling overwhelmed, having constant headaches, having trouble sleeping, appetite changes. I would take breaks when I notice these changes to allow myself to relax and reduce the stress from affecting me.

Kisabelle Pek (EL/EP0706/FT/02)

pjykisabelle — 2026-01-31 01:31:53 UTC

Noticing someone feeling depressed or anxious, having trouble sleeping, having no appetite

Kisabelle Pek (EL/EP0706/FT/02)

pjykisabelle — 2026-01-31 01:49:15 UTC

I believe in the explanation of socialcultural model the most as the experiences and social environment that a person goes through would affect their mental well being. Traumatic events such as bullying, could lead to the development of a mood disorder. In the event that an individual were to experience or encounter similar situations in the future, these events can become triggers, leading to anxiety and irrational thoughts such as believing that everyone dislikes them

Kisabelle Pek (EL/EP0706/FT/02)

pjykisabelle — 2026-01-31 02:09:13 UTC

Cognitive theraphy appeals to me the most because it helps people to think more logically on the negative thinking patterns they have about themselves, by identifying these thoughts, with more rational thoughts, it can lead to improvements in their emotions

Kisabelle Pek (EL/EP0706/FT/02)

pjykisabelle — 2026-01-31 02:15:06 UTC

I would be a listening ear and be patient with them and reassure them that they are not alone and that I would be here to listen. Over time I would encourage them to seek professional help when they are ready to do so

Laura IP07

2026-01-31 05:04:33 UTC

Depression, anxiety, PSTD, bipolar

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-31 09:09:08 UTC

-Drastic mood swings

-Social isolation from friends and family

-Lethargic, low energy

-Loss of interest in hobbies

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-31 09:25:52 UTC

The sociocultural model. It helps give an explanation to the formation of mood disorders without only taking into the account the person themselves. While they can be genetically predisposed to a mood disorder, they may not develop it in a healthy, positive environment and vice versa. Traumatic events an triggers are interconnected and personal to the person themselves, thus without it, we would have a harder time explaining what caused the mood disorder.

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-31 10:04:35 UTC

Psychodynamic intervention appeals to me as it can help reveal unconscious emotions and thoughts without having to force it out. It is a more safe environment to speak and thus makes it more likely for there to be less fear and more openness.

Neo Xuhan EL/EP0706/FT/14

2026-01-31 10:15:07 UTC

I can support someone with a mood disorder by being aware of what symptoms they may have and not be judgemental. I can listen to their frustrations or encourage them to seek out professional help. In general, just be there for them whenever they need it.

Jovan Ng EL/EP0706/FT/04

jovanng1215 — 2026-01-31 16:30:39 UTC

I can always lend a listening ear to them as they do not want to hear solutions to minimize mood disorders, but rather someone to just listen and understand from their POV.

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:34:57 UTC

Depression
Anxiety disorders
Bipolar disorders
Dissociative identity disorder
OCD
PTST
Eating disorders
ADHD
schizophrenia

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:37:08 UTC

Chronic stress as her stress comes from ongoing pressures at work rather than a single event.

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:39:37 UTC

It can be caused by multiple factors such as biological, psychological and social factors

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:45:08 UTC

I can be aware by paying attention to my body, thoughts and habits. When my body starts to show physical signs like headaches, an upset stomach, I should try to relax and reflect and what is making me stress and how to reduce it

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:49:38 UTC

I think the life events explanation makes the most sense because significant or traumatic experiences can really affect a persons mood and mental health. Events like losing a loved one can trigger depression or other mood disorders, especially if a person doesn’t have enough support

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:50:35 UTC

Persistent sadness or irritability, loss of interest, changes in sleep or appetite

Ten Si Qi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:53:57 UTC

psychodynamic therapy and dream interpretation. I find it interesting because it looks at the unconscious mind and how hidden thoughts or past experiences can affect a person’s feelings and behavior. By understanding the symbolic meaning of dreams, a person can uncover repressed conflicts and work through them, which could help improve their mental health. I like that it focuses on understanding the root cause of problems, not just the symptoms.

Ten Si Wi (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 05:55:44 UTC

I can be be patient and lend a listening ear, and just be there for them and let them talk about how they feel without judging or rushing to give advice

Sim Jia Min (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 15:28:53 UTC

Yes, it can be caused by several factors such as cultural, behavioural, cognitive, biological and psychodynamic factors

Sim Jia Min (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 15:32:22 UTC

I can be aware of my body in terms of tense muscles, headaches, fast heart rate, quick breathing. I can be aware of my emotions in terms of feeling overwhelmed, irritable, mood swings. I can be aware of cognitive signs such as difficulty concentrating, brain fog and can be aware of behavioural signs such as social withdrawal or changes to eating and sleeping habits.

Sim Jia Min (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 15:33:47 UTC

Tiredness and fatigue, having trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, changes in appetite and severe weight changes, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

Sim Jia Min (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 15:36:33 UTC

I think the stress and isolation as well as the life events causes make the most sense as it was proven that mental health has become worse after covid where a lot of people were dealing with being alone, retrenchment and job finding, losing lost one's to illness and ive seen these people become depressed first hand

Sim Jia Min (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 15:39:23 UTC

I think psychodynamic intervention or psychoanalysis appeals to me the most as it helps people to be able to face certain emotions and problems without judgment, allowing them to improve and better themselves without having any fear and it lets them improve at their own pace as well. it also helps them better understand and know themselves especially when a lot of their past and feelings were repressed which I feel a lot of people are doing.

Sim Jia Min (EP0706/08)

2026-02-01 15:40:44 UTC

I can check in on them and be with them physically or socially, without pressuring them to say anything but just to make sure they are physically taken care of and for them to know that they are not alone. When they are ready, I can always be a listening ear for them.

Chloe Teo

2026-02-02 02:04:49 UTC

IP06

Adequate rest and time table or to do list

Chloe Teo

2026-02-02 02:05:15 UTC

IP06

Depression, Anxiety, Fatigue, Stress

Chloe Teo

2026-02-02 02:12:20 UTC

IP06

Thinking that other person wont understand or assume worst case scenario make it more likely to stay in learned helplessness

Chloe Teo IP06

2026-02-02 02:16:04 UTC

Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic theory help because it helps when I get encourage to share what is on my mind knowing I would be supported or point out issues I am unaware of as well as relying on my dreams that appear sometimes as it tells me what I am ignoring in real life and what to do about it.

Chloe Teo IP06

2026-02-02 02:17:37 UTC

Try to help a bit indirectly in chores

Leave when they need some time alone or when unable to provide comfort they need and let others talk to them

Chloe Tan Yu Xuan IP11

2026-02-03 12:29:33 UTC

I believe the most in stress & isolation being a strong cause of mood disorders. Immense stress can cause one to slowly isolate themselves from others, which can also potentially create ANTs in their minds, such as "they're all so good, i'm the only lousy one..". When thoughts like this start taking control over one's mind, MDD (major depressive disorder) may start to develop.

Chloe Tan Yu Xuan IP11

2026-02-03 12:54:49 UTC

PCT (Person-Centred Therapy)

personally, the PCT strike out to me the most as I feel like it sounds quite difficult to successfully implement on someone with MDD or Bipolar II.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline(EP0706/FT/10)

2026-02-04 09:24:55 UTC

I noticed that the person has insomnia,tend to forget what they were saying,often tired,often have changes in appetite and weight.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline(EP0706/FT/10)

2026-02-04 09:27:13 UTC

I believe in like stress,life events,medical conditions and taking medication.Some people cannot cope with stress or some major changes in their lives,some might not be able to accept their medical conditions.Some people who take medication may have side effects of depression.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (IP06)

2026-02-04 09:37:03 UTC

I notice some people tend to fluctuate in mood very easily and suddenly, one day very energetic and hyperactive, then a few days later stay withdrawn and quiet, not coming to school.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (IP06)

2026-02-04 09:38:21 UTC

I believe in the sociocultural model the most as I think traumatic or significant events that may depress us further are the starting points or spiralling points for mood disorders, which exacerbate the reasons from the other models.

Lee Jia Hwee (IP14)

2026-02-04 10:33:24 UTC

I noticed the person might lost interest on works and even things that the person like, feel tired, lost control of their feeling’s such as easily being triggered.

Lee Jia Hwee (IP14)

2026-02-04 10:39:09 UTC

I believe in stress because sometimes when people experiencing stress they might not be able to handle it nicely and then trigger their mood disorder.

Lee Jia Hwee （IP14）

2026-02-04 10:55:23 UTC

Psychodynamic therapy appeals to me because it explores the unconscious roots of emotions and behaviours, often linked to early experiences. I like that it promotes self-awareness and personal growth, helping individuals understand themselves more deeply.

Lee Jia Hwee （IP14）

2026-02-04 10:57:13 UTC

I will ask what happened and give feedback if any and give them some times to process their thoughts and calm down. Also, check-ins with them after a couple of day to make sure that they are well.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline(EP0706/FT/10)

2026-02-04 11:55:03 UTC

Psychodyamic intervention appeals the most to me.I think it is the most relaxing for the client because usually,the client dislike other interventions due to having to be grouped with others,being motivated to change and so on and so forth.

Soh Jia Hui,Adeline(EP0706/FT/10)

2026-02-04 11:55:46 UTC

Be there for them,quietly support them and hear them out.Try to understand too and be in their shoes

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (EP06)

2026-02-04 12:07:57 UTC

Person-Centred Therapy appeals to me the most as I feel it is an empathetic approach to therapy which allows for a bond and trust to be built between the therapist and client . It also allows the client to take charge of their own growth by choosing what to address.

Trisha Mah Poh Yoke (EP06)

2026-02-04 12:08:44 UTC

Be patient with them and understand their mood swings, try to check in with them from time to time.

Seah Guan Xuan Caralisa (IP12)

2026-02-04 15:37:01 UTC

I've observed people feeling tiredness and fatigue, having difficulty concentrating and/or making decisions, experiencing difficulty with simple tasks, and having changes in appetite.

Seah Guan Xuan Caralisa (IP12)

2026-02-04 15:42:36 UTC

I believe in stress being the cause of mood disorders the most. Stress is something that everyone experiences, but not everyone is able to cope with it well or has a healthy support system. Thus they may end up developing mood disorders from the lack of support and/or social isolation.

Seah Guan Xuan Caralisa (IP12)

2026-02-04 16:09:28 UTC

Psychodynamic Intervention appeals the most to me. I find it really interesting that it allows the person explore his/her innermost feelings without fear of embarrassment or rejection. The person is able to uncover their hidden concerns that they may not be aware of themselves without fear of being judged, and they will be heavily guided by the therapist every step of the way.