GPCRS by https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0 en-us 2024-11-01 04:46:26 UTC 2024-11-01 15:39:41 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197783959 G-protein: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein

3 types- Affecters, Stimulatory, Inhibitory

Action depends on- the ligand, G-protein activation, effector molecule and 2nd messenger generated

5 major 2nd messenger- cAMP, cGMP, IP3, DAS, Ca2+

Turning off- Signal GTP release and binding of GDP

Turning on- signal release of GDP and binding of GTP (only on for short time)

Active G protein activates an effector protein which generates a second messenger

Effector proteins- adenylyl cyclase, Phospholipase C



]]> 2024-11-01 14:34:47 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197783959 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197784934 Adenylyl cyclase - cAMP

Phospholipase C - IP3 and DAG

]]> 2024-11-01 14:35:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197784934 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785000 Phospholipase c influences Ca2+ release

]]> 2024-11-01 14:35:42 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785000 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785927 GDP- inactive

GtP-enzyme active (ligand bind)

]]> 2024-11-01 14:36:33 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785927 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785946 IP3 acts as a 2nd messenger and ligand in the mechanism for muscle contraction


]]> 2024-11-01 14:36:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785946 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785994 Ligand binds to GPCR, G protein activated, adenylyl cyclase increases cAMP, cAMP activates protein kinase A, and that causes cellular responses!

]]> 2024-11-01 14:36:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197785994 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197787609 phosphlipase + PIP3 --> IP3 and DAG. They wander down to find Ryan (RyR) and say hey, can you let the Ca++ out of the ER? And he says sure! Ca++ goes into the cytoplasm to act as second messengers. BOOM! Muscles get contracted when tropomyosin is bound.

]]> 2024-11-01 14:38:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197787609 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197794300 varenicline: binds nicotinic ACh receptors.

  • activates a4b2 receptors, causes dopamine release

  • utilizes PLC gpcr


]]> 2024-11-01 14:43:39 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197794300 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197795195 Varenicline- reduces pleasure of smoking. Affects the nAChRs ligand gated ion channels in the brain. Is high affinity partial agonist at alpha4beta2 nAChRs and partial agonist of alpha3beta4 and full agonist alpha 7 nAChRs.


]]> 2024-11-01 14:44:29 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197795195 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197796895 cholera toxin: activates cAMP gpcr

  • decreased H2O reab. in intestine d/t Na efflux from cell (to intestinal lumen)


]]> 2024-11-01 14:46:04 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197796895 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197801330 Heart:

  • a1: PLC

  • b2: cAMP

lungs;

  • b1: cAMP

]]> 2024-11-01 14:49:32 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197801330 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197814791 Fear response: SNS

  • activates cAMP for fight or flight

]]> 2024-11-01 15:02:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197814791 https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197819743 GAD: hyperactive amygdala

  • SSRI (fluoxetine) for panic disorder (serotonin low in syn cleft)

  • Buspirone for GAD, inhibits serotonin synthesis, enhances a1 receptors

]]> 2024-11-01 15:08:04 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197819743 GAD- updated https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197821845 Increased activity in the amygdala, the fear-associated portion of the brain, is associated with GAD. GAD be treated with a variety of SSRIs. (GAD causes anxiety, fear response)

Not all anxiety disorders involve one neurotransmitters- think of buspirone (serotonin affected!)

]]> 2024-11-01 15:10:11 UTC https://padlet.com/sanromancellbiology/bbtaxytvwrgmf5m0/wish/3197821845