https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173 Information of the Huntington Disease en-us 2023-03-06 18:20:06 UTC 2026-03-01 22:28:50 UTC hello@padlet.com holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505611214 Huntington Disease has many nicknames such as Huntington chorea, Huntington chronic progressive hereditary chorea, and Huntington's chorea ]]> 2023-03-06 18:21:44 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505611214 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505648339 A mutation in the HTT gene causes Huntington disease. The HTT gene is responsible for providing instruction for making a protein called huntingtin. The function of this protein is still unclear, but it plays an important role in nerve cells(neurons) in the brain. 
The HTT mutation causes Huntington disease involves a DNA segment knowns as a CAG trinucleotide repeat. This DNA segment is made up of a series of three DNA building blocks (Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), Guanine (G) that appears in multiple times in a row. The CAG segment is repeated 10 to 35 times within the gene. People who has Huntington disease, CAG segment is repeated 36 to 120 times. So people with 36 to 39 CAG repeats may or may not develop  the signs and symptoms of Huntington disease, people with 40 or more though almost always develop the disorder. 

Increase in the size of the CAG segment leads to the production of an abnormally long version of the huntingtin protein. Elongated protein is cut into smaller, toxic fragments that bind together and accumulate in neurons, disrupting the normal functions of these cells. The dysfunction and eventual death of neurons in certain area of the brain is underlie the sign and symptoms of Huntington disease. Huntington disease affects 3 to 7 per 100,000 of European ancestry. The disorder appears less to Asian descent and African descent.]]> 2023-03-06 18:48:40 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505648339 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505676898 This is the repeat of DNA segment made up with Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), and Guanine (G). That causes the Huntington disease to develop.]]> 2023-03-06 19:08:46 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505676898 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505679229 There is a process of testing a baby while in the pregnant uterus to determine if the baby has inherited Huntington's disease or not. The can be done two different ways. 
One way is the CVS (Chorionic Villus Sampling), which is typically between 10-13 weeks of pregnancy. A piece of developing placentia is removed through a woman's cervix or abdomen using a catheter or needle. Though CVS carries a risk for miscarriage that can vary slightly from center to center but is usually in the range of 1/100 to 1/500.

]]> 2023-03-06 19:10:25 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505679229 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505802612 There are many ways to diagnose Huntington disease. The most effective way to test for Huntington disease is called the "direct genetic test-counts" which counts the number of CAG repeats in the HD gene, using DNA taken from a blood sample. The presence of 36 or more repeats supports a diagnosis of HD. Another way is a neurological examination, where a neurologist will ask a patient questions and conduct a relatively simple test of three things, motor symptoms such as reflex, muscle strength, and balance. Sensory symptoms, including a sense of touch, vision, and hearing. And psychiatric symptoms, such as mood and mental status. A more modern way is called "brain-imaging", which includes MRI or CT scans that show detailed images of the brain. These images may reveal changes in the brain in areas affected by Huntington's disease. ]]> 2023-03-06 20:57:32 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2505802612 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506487286 Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that can be passed down from parents to children. If the parents has Huntington's disease, there is a 50% chance the child will develop it.  ]]> 2023-03-07 07:57:04 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506487286 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506529775 Huntington disease is a progressive brain disorder that causes uncontrolled movements, emotional problems, and loss of thinking ability. Early signs and symptoms can include irritability, depression, small involuntary movements, poor coordination, and trouble of learning new information or making decisions. Many who has the disorder develop involuntary jerking or twitching movements known as chorea. As the disease progresses, these movements become more prominent. Affected individuals may have trouble walking, speaking, and swallowing. This disorder also changes the person's personality and a decline in thinking and reasoning abilities. Individuals with the adult-onset form of Huntington disease usually live about 15 to 20 years after signs and symptoms begin. 

A less common form of Huntington disease known as the juvenile form begins in childhood or adolescence. It  involves movement problems, mental, and emotional changes. More signs of the juvenile form include slow movements, clumsiness, frequent falling, rigidity, slurred speech, and drooling. School performance declines as thinking and reasoning abilities become impaired. Seizures occur in 30% to 50% of children with this condition. ]]> 2023-03-07 08:34:46 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506529775 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506563654 “Huntington Disease: Medlineplus Genetics.” MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/huntington-disease/#synonyms. 

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/huntington-disease/#synonyms

UC Davis Health, Department of Neurology. “Genetics - Reproductive Options in HD.” UC Davis Health, https://health.ucdavis.edu/huntingtons/genetics-prenatal.html. 

https://health.ucdavis.edu/huntingtons/genetics-prenatal.html

“Huntington's Disease.” National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/huntingtons-disease. 

https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/huntingtons-disease

“Huntington's Disease.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 17 May 2022, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/huntingtons-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356122. 

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/huntingtons-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356122

Photos

“CT Brain with or without Contrast.” Cedars, https://www.cedars-sinai.org/programs/imaging-center/med-pros/neuroradiology/ct-brain-contrast.html. 

https://www.cedars-sinai.org/programs/imaging-center/med-pros/neuroradiology/ct-brain-contrast.html

Shilova, Ekaterina. “Vector Isolated Silhouette of a Pregnant Woman Holding Her Hand on...” IStock, https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/pregnant-woman-siluette-gm818981322-132484971. 

https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/pregnant-woman-siluette-gm818981322-132484971

“Family Tree Images - Free Download on Freepik.” Freepik, 9 Oct. 2020, https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/family-tree. 

https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/family-tree]]> 2023-03-07 09:04:13 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506563654 holypony101 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506565132 Here is a helpful link to learn more about the Huntington disease]]> 2023-03-07 09:05:17 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2506565132 danielvillegas496 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508016675 Anyone can get Huntington's Disease and there are many myths that only men can be effected by this disease. Both men and women can both get this disease as it is passed down from parents to children. However, there is a higher amount of people with Huntington's disease if they come from European descent. Ultimately, the most important factor in someone having this disease is if their parent also had it which has a 50 percent chance of the child also inheriting the disease.]]> 2023-03-08 04:24:44 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508016675 danielvillegas496 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508042154 Currently, there are no available cures for Huntington's Disease. There are, however, Treatments such as talking in therapy or using drugs to lessen the symptoms involved with Huntington's Disease. 

Drugs that are used to suppress involuntary movements are Tetrabenazine (Xenazine) and Deutrabenazine (Austedo). These drugs, however, do not stop the disease's progress and may cause other side effects such as Depression or other Psychiatric conditions.  

The Antipsychotic Drugs that people with Huntington's Disease can also use are Haloperidol and Fluphenazine these drugs are used to treat symptoms caused by the disease and suppress symptoms of Schizophrenia but can also worsen other symptoms such as drowsiness or involuntary contractions. 

Other medications for Psychiatric Disorders include Antidepressants such as Celexa, Prozac, Lexapro, and Zoloft. Mood-stabilizing drugs are also used in treatments for Huntington's Disease such as Depakote and Lamotrigine. These are used to treat manic episodes or bipolar disorder. 

Other treatments for Huntington's Disease include talking to a Psychotherapist where the family can talk and help each other communicate about how they are doing. Speech Therapy, Physical Therapy, and Occupational Therapy are all other treatments that can help a person affected by Huntington's Disease.      

]]> 2023-03-08 04:53:20 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508042154 danielvillegas496 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508060468 The long-term outlook for people with Huntington's Disease is a life that progressively gets worse and their motor functions starting to get worse. Since there is no cure for Huntington's Disease, a person diagnosed can only use different treatments such as different medications to stop the symptoms but not stop the overall progress of the disease. According to MayoClinic.Org "The time frame from the first symptom found to death is often 10-30 years." As we can see the eventual end point of this disease is death. Caregivers or family stepping in to help will be needed as the disease progresses. During the early stages it is also important to prepare for the later stages of the disease and start with thinking on how end of life care will be established. It's also important to make a living will because towards the later stages of the disease this person may not be able to think for themselves. Overall, the long-term outlook for Huntington's Disease is a loss of motor functions and eventually death. ]]> 2023-03-08 05:11:38 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508060468 danielvillegas496 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508077298 While there is still no cure found there is still research being discovered. New research is being discovered by The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) on September 2, 2022." The new works showed that the protein converted from disease form to its disease-free form maintains its original function, providing new roadblocks to approach Huntington's disease." (Sciencedaily.com) ]]> 2023-03-08 05:29:47 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508077298 danielvillegas496 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508081942 Huntington's Disease Society of America- https://hdsa.org/find-help/community-social-support/hdsa-support-groups/

Huntington's Disease Support Group UC San Diego-
https://neurosciences.ucsd.edu/centers-programs/huntingtons-disease/education/support-group.html

]]> 2023-03-08 05:35:33 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508081942 danielvillegas496 https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508083173 “Establishing a Novel Strategy to Tackle Huntington's Disease.” ScienceDaily, ScienceDaily, 2 Sept. 2022, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/220902090643.htm.

“HDSA Support Groups - Huntington's Disease Society of America.” Huntington's Disease Society of America - Family Is Everything, 7 Oct. 2022, hdsa.org/find-help/community-social-support/hdsa-support-groups/.

“Huntington's Disease.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 17 May 2022, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/huntingtons-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356122.

“Huntington's Disease: Genetics, Juvenile Cases & Chorea.” Cleveland Clinic, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14369-huntingtons-disease. 

Huntington's Disease Support Group, neurosciences.ucsd.edu/centers-programs/huntingtons-disease/education/support-group.html. ]]> 2023-03-08 05:36:52 UTC https://padlet.com/holypony101/b9vhc5xxirnb1173/wish/2508083173