https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks Made with the strength to succeed en-us 2021-03-02 15:50:13 UTC 2025-10-26 14:49:06 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f49b.png sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454289637 - is an infection caused by bacteria called clostridium tetani.
- It is also refer as "Lockjaw".
- Tetanus is different from other vaccine preventable diseases and also  known for non communicable diseases.]]> 2021-04-24 07:54:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454289637 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454294097 -When the bacteria invade the body, they produce toxin that causes painful muscle contraction.
- Stepping on nails or other sharp objects is one way to expose on tetanus.
- Bacteria usually found in the soil, dust, and manure, enter in the body through breaks in the skin usually cuts or puncture.]]> 2021-04-24 07:59:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454294097 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454299538 - Clean suferial wound
- Surgical Procedure
-Insect bites
- Dental infection
-Chronic sores and infection
- Intravenous (IV) diseases
- Intramuscular injection (shots given to muscles).
- When mothers and newborns contact tetanus through wounds during birth.]]> 2021-04-24 08:05:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454299538 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454305612 The first sign is most commonly spasm of the muscles of jaw or "lockjaw".
The other symptoms are:
- Jaw cramping
- sudden, involuntary muscle tightening (often in the stomach)
- Painful muscle stiffness all over the body
- trouble swallowing
- Headache, Fever, and sweating
-Change in blood pressure and heart rate.]]> 2021-04-24 08:11:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454305612 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454310920 C.tetani produce two exotoxins,tetanolysin and tetanospasmin, which are encoded by plasmid borne genes.]]> 2021-04-24 08:17:11 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454310920 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454312943 Tetanospasmin blocks the inhibitory nerve impulses by interfering with the release of neurotransmitter and this in turns leads to spare paralysis CF.Clostridium botulism. ]]> 2021-04-24 08:19:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454312943 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454316917 Doctor diagnoses tetanus based on physical exam, medical exam, immunization history, and the signs and symptoms of muscle spasm, stiffness and pain.
Treatment:
There is no cure for Tetanus.
-Treatment consist of care in the hospital.
- Aggressive wound care
- Drugs to control muscle spasm
- Medication such as Antitoxins, Antibiotics, Tetanus Vaccine, Sedatives and other drugs.


]]> 2021-04-24 08:23:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454316917 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454329043 Tetanus neurotoxin binds to the presynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction is internalized and transported retoxanally in the spinal cord. The spastic paralysis induced by the toxins is due to the blockade of neurotransmitter release from spinal inhibitory interneurons. ]]> 2021-04-24 08:36:32 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454329043 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454345645 - Incubation period time from exposure to illness is usually between 3-21 days(average 10 days).
- It may range from one days to several months depending on the kind of  wounds.
- In General, Doctors see shorter incubation period when more heavily contaminated wounds, more serious diseases, and a worse outcomes (prognosis). ]]> 2021-04-24 08:53:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454345645 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454352430 The long term effects of this diseases are:
1. Tetanic seizure
2. Acute Renal Failure
3. Laryngospasm
4. Fracture
5. Hypertension
6. Nosocomial Infection
7. Pulmonary embolism
8. Aspiration Pneumonia
9. Death
 

]]> 2021-04-24 09:00:28 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454352430 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454363591 -It is uncommon in the United States with an average of 30 reported cases each year. Those who did not take tetanus vaccine are the one to report the cases. 
 - Most report cases occurs in adults from 2009-2017.
-More than 60% of the 264 reported cases were among 20 through 64 of ages.
- Since 1990, the number of deaths from tetanus has fallen by 88%.
Here are the reports from 2018:]]> 2021-04-24 09:11:23 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454363591 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454372947 2021-04-24 09:21:19 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454372947 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454381000 Tetanus is an uncommon but very serious diseases caused by spores of bacteria found in the environment. - Being up to date, Vaccine is the best tool to prevent tetanus. CDC recommend several vaccine such as DTaP, DT, TdaP, Td.
- Most people who get Tetanus shots do not have serious problems but some side effects can occurs. Some  side effects are mild, but do not affect daily activities.]]> 2021-04-24 09:29:28 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454381000 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454388254 Arthur Nicolaier discovered the toxins that caused tetanus in the late 1800s. The first vaccine for passive immunology was discovered by a group of German scientist under the leadership of Emil von Behring in 1890. ]]> 2021-04-24 09:37:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454388254 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454393691 Tetanus derived from greek word to "stretch" an acute diseases caused by anaerobic gram positive, non capsulated spore forming bacteria. It can be categorized into four different forms:
a. Generalized Tetanus
b. Localized Tetanus
c. Cerebral Tetanus
d. Neonatal Tetanus.]]> 2021-04-24 09:42:20 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454393691 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454403634 1.  Bae, C., & Bourget, D. (2020, May 28). Tetanus. StatPearls [Books].

]]> 2021-04-24 09:52:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454403634 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454418425 2. T.P.S.P. M.D., P.L.M.D. M.P.H., & A.M.A.M.D. (2020, December 24). Pinkbook: Tetanus | CDC.

]]> 2021-04-24 10:07:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454418425 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454431054 3. H.C.L. (2021, January 3). Toxigenic clostridia. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 3:66–98. ]]> 2021-04-24 10:19:46 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454431054 sadhanasubedi https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454441622 2021-04-24 10:30:46 UTC https://padlet.com/sadhanasubedi/Bookmarks/wish/1454441622