Some key information is using a multi-sensory approach, and that may include breaking instruction into smaller parts, the use of diagrams, pictures, and or graphs.

Some key information given is what is included in IDEA, and what happens to schools when it's not provided. For example, schools must provide an evaluation by specialists that is paid for by the school, as well as an IEP for any student who needs it from age 3 until 21. When a school fails, they receive a violation of FAPE (Free and Appropriate Public Education).

Some key information includes that the rate of children with special needs also continues to increase. 17% of children have some form of developmental disability in the U.S., while 12.08 million in 2019 spoke another language at home. One of the things Bilingual Special Education Entails is Socio-cultural connections, or ways that learning connects to students’ communities and cultures.

Some key factors are how IDEA provides specific rights that allow parents to participate as equal members of the IEP team, allowing them to be included in the evaluation, placement, and any special education and related decisions. The website also states "Family–professional partnerships have been defined as a relationship in which families (not just parents) and professionals agree to build on each other’s expertise and resources..." This means they combine their ideas with others to make the most fitting choice to help the student.

Students with special needs have unique teaching strategies that they need to help them learn the best due to their needs that require certain attention to be brought to them to ensure every child has the right to learn. This website defines the following: differentiated instruction, multisensory learning, technology integration, peer tutoring, and collaboration with parents. 5 effective teaching strategies include Know your students, Plan and prepare, use visuals, provide positive reinforcement, and make learning fun. It also tells how to implement each into a classroom to allow it to be enriching to students.

They provide 25+ games from the alphabet to counting and matching. All the games are very interactive and encourage participation. The pricing is very affordable, being that there is a free option, but it comes with only 2 games and limited playtime. Then there is a plan for $9 a month, which gives full access to the games and unlimited play time. They also have a plan for institutions, including everything, and share access. All plans also come with a personalized Reporting Dashboard and Online Assistance by Medical Professionals. These games are geared to: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Down Syndrome, Developmental Coordination Disorder, Cerebral Palsy, and Early Childhood Education. It then provides information on each need. Listed under the games are the developmental area they aims towards, and who they help.

Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder refers to a broad range of conditions (challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech, and non-verbal communication). Autism affects 1 in 31 children and 1 in 45 adults. Autism is diagnosed around 5 while showing signs around 2 or 3. ASD goes into 3 levels based off of how much support is needed. Autism Speaks is dedicated to creating an inclusive world for all. This is done through advocacy, services, supports, research and more. Autism Speaks was founded in 2005. Resulted in $5 billion increase in federal research funding, $16.3 million in autism-related grants and scholarships and a lot more. This website is very accessible.

ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD can lead to poor self-esteem. Some symptoms include hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. 3 types of ADHD include: inattentive type, hyperactive/impulsive type, and combined type. There has not been an identified cause of ADHD. There are anatomical differences in the brain of children with ADHD and those without. Treatment contains therapy and medication intervention.

Hearing loss/Deafness is when sound signals are prevented from reaching the brain properly due to problems in the hearing system. There are 3 types of hearing loss:

• Sensorineural (damage to hair cells or hearing nerve or both, leads to difficulty hearing quiet sounds. It’s permanent).

• Conductive (hearing can’t pass through outer or middle ear. Sounds seem quiet or muffled).

• Mixed hearing loss (when both sensorineural and conductive elements are present).
  

Some specific causes/types could be age related, genetic, sudden, noise induced. Ototoxic drugs cause damage to cochlea or balance parts of inner ear (cancer treatment drugs, strong medications, etc.).

Speech is how we say sounds or words. People facing challenges may experience not being able to say sounds right, a hoarse or raspy voice, or may stutter/repeat sounds or pause while speaking. Language is the words we use to portray ideas. Someone with a language disorder may face problems with understanding, talking, reading/writing. A SLP is a speech-language pathologist. They can help both children and adults with speech & language disorders.

• removes barriers to learning 

• can be low-tech or high-tech 

• tools need to match students needs + IEP goals 

• supports all means of learning 

• encourages engagement 

• Impacts problem solving, life skills, reasoning 

• Students benefit from routines, hands-on, modeling + guided practice 

• There’s stress put on life skills, independence, and communication 

• Importance of collaboration (teachers, specialists, and families) 

• Small steps are key to learning the material 

• difficulties with reading, writing, and math assignments 

• not related to intelligence 

• require direct interventions 

• the earlier it is identified the better the intervention helps 

• extended testing times and audio texts help students 

• co-teaching and support staff 

• promotes use of environments (LRE/least restrictive environments) 

• encouragement of social/communication skills and acceptance 

• promotion of teacher collaboration + increased time for planning 

• helps all students 

• 1.22 billion people have near or distance vision impairment. 

• Young children with trouble may face delayed motor, language, emotional, social and cognitive development. 

• Vision loss can affect people of all ages. 

• Students IEP should be reviewed and adjusted as needed every year 

• IEPs should help child succeed in school subjects and life skills 

• Once IEP goals are set, IEP team decides what will help child reach goal 

• Child’s present level of performance (PLOP) is important in setting annual goals 

• Lists specific Emotional disturbances 

• Several factors may be: hereditary, brain disorder, diet, stress, family. 

• This is not the result of personal weakness. 

• Common mental disorders: Anxiety, bipolar, conduct, eating, obsessive–compulsive, schizophrenia.