Median Age: 38.1

Life Expectancy Average: 76.1

Men: 73.2

Women: 79.1

Race:

White alone, not Hispanic or Latino 58.9%

Hispanic or Latino 19.1%

Black or African American 13.6%

Asian 6.3%

American Indian and Alaska Native 1.3%

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0.3%

(US Census, 2022)

Median Age: 40 Years

Life Expectancy Average: 78.6 Years

Men: 74.9 Years

Women: 82.3 Years

Race:

Polish 96.9%

Silesian 1.1%

other/unspecified 1.7%

German 0.2%

Ukrainian 0.1%

(Theodora, 2023), (World Meters, 2023)

Poland ranks 30th in Healthcare. Freopp.org. (n.d.). https://freopp.org/poland-health-system-profile-30-in-the-world-index-of-healthcare-innovation-1d6d2111d4f9  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24025796/#:~:text=It%20has%20a%20large%20and,medical%20outcomes%20in%20the%20world.

U.S. healthcare system ranks sixth worldwide - innovative but fiscally unsustainable. Peter G. Peterson Foundation. (n.d.). https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2022/01/us-healthcare-system-ranks-sixth-worldwide-innovative-but-fiscally-unsustainable#:~:text=February%203%2C%202022-,U.S.%20Healthcare%20System%20Ranks%20Sixth%20Worldwide%20%E2%80%94%20Innovative%20but%20Fiscally%20Unsustainable,among%20the%20world’s%20healthcare%20systems.

US Census. (2022). United States Census. U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: United States. Retrieved December 1, 2023, from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US/PST045222

World Meters. (2023). Poland Demographics 2023 (Population, Age, Sex, Trends). Worldometer. Retrieved December 1, 2023, from https://www.worldometers.info/demographics/poland-demographics/

Definition: Power of government rests on the citizens to vote for government officials.

Political Parties: Two main voting parties Democrats and Republicans.

President: Joe Biden

States: 50

Counties: 3,143  

(Wise Voter, n.d)

$USD per capita - $11,702.41 (2020)

$USD per capita - $1,183.05 (2021)

• Hospitals

• Community-based care

• Private practices

• Home healthcare

Composition of healthcare workforce (OECD, 2021):

• # doctors/1000 inhabitants - 2.6

• # nurses/1000 inhabitants - 11.98

• # medical school graduates/100,000 inhabitants - 8.1

• # nursing school graduates/100,000 inhabitants - 65.6

• Hospitals

• Clinics

• Ambulance stations

• Independent practice providers

Composition of healthcare workforce (OECD, 2021):

• # doctors/1000 inhabitants - 2.4

• # nurses/1000 inhabitants - 5.10

• # medical school graduates/100,000 inhabitants - 10.6

• # nursing school graduates/100,000 inhabitants - 23.9

OECD (2021), Health at a Glance 2021: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/ae3016b9-en.

Educators.com. (2022, January 20). Study in Poland: Language & Culture in Poland. Education Abroad. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.educations.com/study-guides/europe/study-in-poland/language-culture-18007

University of Portland. (n.d). American Values and Assumptions. University of Portland. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.up.edu/iss/advising-services/american-values.html

Willis, P. (2019, November 14). Why clarifying your values boosts self esteem & confidence, & the Hawaiian concept of Pono. Unchain Your Brain. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.unchainyourbrain.org/2019/11/14/why-clarifying-your-values-boosts-self-esteem-the-hawaiian-concept-of-pono/

Future Learn. (2021, June 10). How does the economy work? The basics of economics. FutureLearn. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.futurelearn.com/info/blog/how-does-the-economy-work

Kalasopatan, C. (2023, October 16). POLAND: SOME CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE GOVERNMENT. economic-research.bnpparibas.com. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://economic-research.bnpparibas.com/html/en-US/Poland-Some-challenges-future-government-10/16/2023,48995

Reaume, A. (2023, August 1). What Is Money and How Does It Drive the Economy? RBC Royal Bank. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.rbcroyalbank.com/en-ca/my-money-matters/money-academy/economics-101/economics-for-beginners/what-is-money-and-how-does-it-drive-the-economy/

RUGABER, C. (2023, October 27). US consumers keep spending briskly even in the face of persistent inflation and high interest rates. AP News. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://apnews.com/article/inflation-prices-federal-reserve-rates-economy-spending-657deb16464e6da9512291822839b342

Xe.com. (n.d). 1 PLN to USD - Polish Zlotych to US Dollars Exchange Rate. Xe. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=PLN&To=USD

Creative Fabrica. (n.d). Government Icon Graphic by aimagenarium · Creative Fabrica. Creative Fabrica. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.creativefabrica.com/product/government-icon-19/

European Committee of Regions. (n.d). CoR - Poland. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://portal.cor.europa.eu/divisionpowers/Pages/Poland.aspx

Sas, A. (2023, March 30). Poland: Number of political parties 2020. Statista. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1184225/poland-number-of-political-parties/

Slack. (2022, 06 22). Introducing GovSlack, a digital HQ to support secure government work. Slack. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://slack.com/blog/news/govslack-secure-compliant-government-work

Wise Voter. (n.d). States With the Most Counties 2023. Wisevoter. Retrieved December 2, 2023, from https://wisevoter.com/state-rankings/states-with-the-most-counties/

Definition: Government in a parliamentary system where the president is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of the government (CIA, n.d).

Political Parties: There are 62 total political parties but only 17 are represented in polish parliament (Sas, 2023).

President: Andrzej Duda

Prime Minister: Mateusz Morawiecki

Regions: 16

Counties: 314

Municipalities: 2478

(European Committee of Regions, n.d)

Infant mortality rate is 2.8 per 1000 live births.

Tobacco use still remains above the EU average and the same is true with alcohol.

5 year cancer survival rate is lower then the EU average.

Obesity is a growing problem and the government have introduced a sugar tax on drinks.

Poverty Rate is 15.4%

Unemployment Rate is 3.2%

ONLY 26% are satisfied with the quality and availability of their healthcare

2.4/1000 (Doctor to Patient Ratio)

5.10/1000 (Nurse to Patient Ratio)

Wait times for visits are a serious problem

Healthcare expenditure of GDP is 6.46%

GDP to financing healthcare was 8.86%

Government spent USD 1643 per capita.

Citizens bore the expenses of USD 646 per year.

93.4% of citizens were cover by free universals benefits.

Infant mortality rate is 543.9 out of 100,000 live births.

Sedimentary lifestyles are greatly affecting the health in the USA.

Poverty Rate is 11.5%

Unemployment Rate is 3.9%

28.2/10000 (Doctor to Patient Ratio)

Xu JQ, Murphy SL, Kochanek KD, Arias E. (2022) Mortality in the United States, 2021. NCHS Data Brief, no 456. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/ cdc:122516.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Physicians - Health, United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/topics/physicians.htm

Poland infant mortality rate 1950-2023. MacroTrends. (2022). https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/POL/poland/infant-mortality-rate

Private health insurance was the largest source of personal health care expenditures.

One-third of personal health care spending. Followed by Medicare, Medicaid (total), all other payers, and out-of-pocket spending.

GDP health expenditure is 17.7%

Citizens expenses per capita is USD 9,787.

Smarżewska, D., Wereda, W. S., & Jończyk, J. A. (2022). Assessment of the Health Care System in Poland and Other OECD Countries Using the Hellwig Method. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(24), 16733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416733

BBC. (2023, June 26). Poland country profile. BBC. Retrieved December 4, 2023, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17753718