Honors Bio by John Tu

Mung bean before

jt28035 — 2024-08-23 18:29:40 UTC

Testable question

Does the amount of water affect the number of seeds germinating in 72 hours?

Hypothesis

H1. There will not be a difference in the dependent variable measurements amongst the treatment groups.

H2. There will be a difference in the dependent variable measurements amongst the treatment groups.

Procedure

Place filter paper in 4 Petri dishes.

Measure and add 5, 10, 15, and 20 ML of H2O in each dish.

place beans in the dish and equally space them.

Put on window sill for 72 hours.

Record results.

jt28035 — 2024-08-26 18:26:59 UTC

jt28035 — 2024-08-26 18:27:58 UTC

CER

jt28035 — 2024-08-26 18:48:58 UTC

The amount of water does affect the amount of seeds that germinate in 72 hours. Some evidence to support this answer would be that when there was 5ml of water, little to no seeds germinated, but when there was 10-20ml of water, there were many seeds that germinated. Another piece of evidence is that there was no overlap in the error bars in the graph of the data collected. Therefore the data was statistically sufficient. Based on this evidence, one can conclude that there was an effect based on the amount of water because, in the reading, they say that water expands seeds. Water allows the seeds to grow. Water provides oxygen to the plant. The seed enzymes allow the plant to respirate before it grows its leaves to use photosynthesis

to use sunlight as its primary energy source.

Pill Bug (Wet and Dry)

jt28035 — 2024-08-29 18:35:15 UTC

Testable question

Do the isopods prefer a wet climate over a dry climate?

Hypotheses

The bugs will like a wet climate.

The bugs will not like the wet climate.

Procedure

place filter in the test area.

Put 5 icopods on each side of the test area.

Put water on one side and keep the other dry.

Time for 10 min and record how the bugs react.

every minute, record results.

jt28035 — 2024-08-29 18:37:27 UTC

CER

jt28035 — 2024-08-30 18:00:13 UTC

The Isopods do not have a preference for a wet or dry climate. To start, the data table shows that the isopods were evenly choosing the wet and dry side. They show little to no preference. Even though the data isn't exactly 5 and 5 on each bar, the error bars are what make us able to conclude that they have no preference. Based on this evidence, one can conclude that the isopods don't have a preference because there were no statistical differences between the wet and the dry.

jt28035 — 2024-08-30 18:00:38 UTC

jt28035 — 2024-08-30 18:06:20 UTC

Procedure

jt28035 — 2024-08-30 18:17:14 UTC

Testable question

Do the Isopods prefer a warm or cold climate?

Hypothesis

The Isopods like a warmer/cold climate

The Isopods have no preference for climate.

Procedure

Heat up chambers using hot and cold water
put even amounts of Isopods on each side
Observe how many Isopods are in each chamber
record data every minute.

CER

jt28035 — 2024-08-30 18:26:52 UTC

The temperature of the champers affects the amount of icopods in each chamber. One piece of evidence to support this claim is that, at the end of the experiment, the majority of the isopods were in the warm chamber over the cold chamber. The data table and graph reflect this data. This evidence concludes that the isopods prefer a warmer climate because they can not survive in extremely cold temperatures. They are unable to live in any climate that is really cold or really warm, so they prefer the warmer side because it is closer to the outside temperature than the cold side.

Procedure

jt28035 — 2024-09-18 18:50:25 UTC

Testable question

Does the type of water affect the amount of duckweed that grows?

Hypothesis

The type of water will affect the amount of duckweed grown.

Procedure

Fill 4 cups of water with 125 ML of water
Use different types of water in each cup
Place 10 duckweed in each cup
Check and collect data in 9 days

CER

jt28035 — 2024-09-30 17:58:34 UTC

The type of water does increese the growth of the duckweed because of the level of nutrients. The salt-filtered and saltwater duckweed do not reproduce. Compared to pond water which has more nutrients, the duckweed thrived. Based on this evidence, one can conclude that growth is affected by the number of nutrients because when an organism has more food, which is nutrients, in this case, allows it to thrive more than something with less food. Even look at humans for example. The more we eat the bigger we get and if people feed themselves bad food it has negative effects on the body.

jt28035 — 2024-09-30 17:59:08 UTC

Procedure

jt28035 — 2024-10-02 17:49:13 UTC

Testable question

does the location relative to water affect the biodiversity of the bugs?

Hypothesis

The biodiversity of the bugs is affected by the location relative to water.

Procedure

acquire glue traps
go to the community park and place traps
wait 24 hours
record biodiversity of bugs.

jt28035 — 2024-10-02 17:53:53 UTC

jt28035 — 2024-10-02 17:53:58 UTC

CER

jt28035 — 2024-10-03 00:48:17 UTC

The closer the bugs are to the water the more they are bio-diverse. In the study, we found that the bugs had a much higher rating on the Simpsons index when the bugs were closer to the water. The traps that were set near the bridge and the ones that were set by the marsh had a Simpsons index of 0.75 and 0.87 while the ones that were set by the top of the hill (further away from the water) only had a Simpsons index of about 0.45.

Procedure

jt28035 — 2024-10-25 18:22:06 UTC

Testable question

Does light affect the CO2 in an air-tight container filled with spinach?

Hypothesis

The light does affect the CO2 in the air-tight container filled with spinach.

The light does not affect the CO2 in the air-tight container filled with spinach.

Procedure

Acquire material for the experiment.(Spinach, bottle, CO2 measuring device.)
Put 20 pieces of spinach in a bottle
put a CO2 measuring device in a bottle.
put the bottle on the window sill.
record data.

jt28035 — 2024-10-25 18:28:21 UTC

jt28035 — 2024-10-25 18:28:45 UTC

jt28035 — 2024-10-25 18:29:03 UTC

CER

jt28035 — 2024-10-28 19:30:56 UTC

The amount of light decreases the amount of carbon dioxide because of respiration and photosynthesis. In the lab, when there was no light in the container, the CO2 went up a total of 723 on average. when there was light, it went down an average of -422. This evidence concludes that the amount of light makes the CO2 levels decrease because of photosynthesis. This is the process that causes CO2 to turn into oxygen. When this is happening, it is causing the levels of CO2 to go down in the bottle. the reason that the level is a greater change in the dark is because respiration is happening but no photosynthesis at all. When there is light, respiration is still happening but the photosynthesis is also happening and it outweighs the respiration. Therefore, it causes the levels of CO2 to go down. In conclusion, The amount of light decreases the amount of CO2 in the container.

Procedure

jt28035 — 2024-10-31 18:39:45 UTC

Testable question

Does germination affect the amount of CO2 produced?

Hypothothisis

Germination does affect the amount of CO2 Produced.

Procedure

put 25 ungerminated/germinated seeds in a bottle.
Put the CO2 sensor in the bottle.
start data set on computer.
record data after 8 minutes.

jt28035 — 2024-10-31 18:39:56 UTC

CER

jt28035 — 2024-11-02 14:47:39 UTC

Germination does affect the amount of CO2 produced because of cellular respiration. Some evidence to support this claim is that when the dormant beans were present in the test, the results were that they caused little to no CO2 increase within the testing area. The total amount of CO2 that was changed over the corse of this part of the experiment was -0.03 PPM per second. When the germinating seeds were run on the same test, they had a rapid increase of about 0.3 PPM per second. Based on this evidence one can conclude that germination does affect the amount of CO2 produced because of cellular respiration. In the process of cellular respiration, the cell has to be admitting something because it is trying its very best to grow. In order for the cell to grow after being dormant, it has to be activated and then start the process of cellular respiration. This is caused by the seed interacting with water. Once this process starts, the seed is growing, but also emitting CO2 as a waste product. While a seed is dormant, it is still respirating, but it isn't at a substantial amount to end up affecting the testing environment. This is why that on the data chart there isn't a substantial change in the dormant beans but there is on the germinating ones.

Procedure

jt28035 — 2024-11-26 19:13:07 UTC

Testable question

Does sugar affect the percent mass change in potatoes?

Hypothesis

sugar does affect the percent of mass change in the potato

sugar does not affect the percent of mass change in the potato

Procedure

take potato fries and put them in cups
take different solutions of water in each cup
wait 24 hours
record data

jt28035 — 2024-11-26 19:20:56 UTC

jt28035 — 2024-11-26 19:21:01 UTC

CER

jt28035 — 2024-11-26 19:33:20 UTC

The concentration of sucrose does affect the percent mass change in potatoes due to osmosis. One piece of evidence to support this claim is that in the lab, the higher the concentration the higher the decrease in total mass. When the concentration was 0.8 percent the total mass went from 2.75g to 1.58g which is a -42.5 percent change. When the concentration of the water was 0, the initial mass was 2.87 and actually increased to 3.35. That is a 16 percent increase. This piece of evidence concludes that the concentration does affect the potatoes because of osmosis. Osmosis is the process that explains that cells have to have an equal amount of water cells on the inside and outside. Sugar and salt basically have water molecules attach to the sugar molecules. The balance of water molecules has to be in the empty water that isn't connected to the sugar molecules. This is what causes the data to be the way it is.