Freud and many of his followers believed that biological differences between men and women had major consequences for psychological development. In their view, ‘biology is destiny’. Freud believed that gender divergence begins at the onset of the phallic stage, where the girl realises that she has no penis, and starts to feel inferior to boys (penis envy). Penis envy becomes a major driving force in the girl’s mental life, and needs to be successfully sublimated into a desire for a husband and children if it is not to become pathological. This view of gender divergence in personality development has implications for other aspects of development. For example, Freud’s view of morality was that it was regulated by the superego, which is an internalisation of the same sex parent that regulates behaviour through the threat of punishment. In boys, immoral behaviour is regulated through the mechanism of castration anxiety – men obey the rules because of an unconscious fear that their father will take away their penis. In the Freudian view, the girl has already had to accept her castration as a fait accompli, which raises important questions about the relative moral strength of men and women. by Rachel Kidson

Freud and many of his followers believed that biological differences between men and women had major consequences for psychological development. In their view, ‘biology is destiny’. Freud believed that gender divergence begins at the onset of the phallic stage, where the girl realises that she has no penis, and starts to feel inferior to boys (penis envy). Penis envy becomes a major driving force in the girl’s mental life, and needs to be successfully sublimated into a desire for a husband and children if it is not to become pathological. This view of gender divergence in personality development has implications for other aspects of development. For example, Freud’s view of morality was that it was regulated by the superego, which is an internalisation of the same sex parent that regulates behaviour through the threat of punishment. In boys, immoral behaviour is regulated through the mechanism of castration anxiety – men obey the rules because of an unconscious fear that their father will take away their penis. In the Freudian view, the girl has already had to accept her castration as a fait accompli, which raises important questions about the relative moral strength of men and women. by Rachel Kidson https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1 1. Identify aspects of the research that could be considered gender biased 2. Identify and explain the type of gender bias that is present 3. Suggest the impact that these research examples could have on society. You could look, for example, at how the research might uphold or reinforce gender stereotypes, or be used to disempower women in society. en-us 2017-11-15 09:46:54 UTC 2017-11-15 10:18:10 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Babyhead.png TM https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110837 1. One aspect of Freud's research that could be considered gender biased is the belief that women feel 'inferior' to males, due to the lack of a penis, this is a key driving force. This is an example of a alpha bias, as Freud has exaggerated the difference between the two genders, this will therefore have major impacts on his research as he will have no research into females, just males therefore any of his ideas of the female behaviour simply comes from assumptions, and is not supported by evidence, highlighting the lack of reliability of Freud's research. this research will also have an impact on society as a whole because it enforces the gender stereotype, that women are envious of men.]]> 2017-11-15 10:04:44 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110837 DP u11procterd https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110901 1. one aspect of Freud's research that could be considered as gender biased is that Freud believed that girls feel inferior to boys because of penis envy.

2. There is an alpha bias in Freud's research because the differences between men and women are exaggerated.

3. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:04:58 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110901 LD https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110981 1. An aspect of Freud's research that is gender bias is that girls are referred to be ‘inferior’ to men. An assumption made by Freud that he believes is true when there is no previous research to support this claim. 2. This is alpha bias as differences in gender have been exaggerated. 3. This claim may have an impact on society as Freud's results in the difference between males and females can further implicate certain roles and stereotypes that are assigned to each gender. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:05:17 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110981 Lily https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110990 1. Freud is very gender bias and androcentric, meaning that he heavily focuses on men, and believes that the males are superior to females because the female is inferior and suffers from 'penis envy'.
2. This is also alpha bias as Freud clearly exaggerates the differences between men and women. Therefore, this has a big impact on research as there is no research into women.
3. This could have a large impact on society as Freud shows a 'significant' difference between male and female anxiety, which is more interesting for society to read than if he found no difference, therefore the results are published as Freud is reinforcing the view that men are more superior. He emphasises that "penis envy becomes a major driving force", which makes his findings more significant. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:05:20 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207110990 Honner https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111080 1. aspects of the research that could be gender biased is that girls feel inferior to boys due to penis envy. This assumes that women need to feel the same as man, for this to be accomplished they need have a desire for a husband and children.
2. This is an example of Alpha bias, as Frued has exaggerated the differences between men and women, basing his research on androcentrism ( the male domination).
3. This research can affect society due Frued reinforcing gender stereotypes that Males are superior to women. This could result in women feeling less powerful. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:05:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111080 AB u11bullionsa https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111091 One of the aspects of Freud's research that is gender biased is the belief that women feel 'inferior' to boys. This is an example of alpha bias, meaning that Freud has exaggerated the differences between both genders and believes that one is superior to the other, showing it is also an example of andocentrism. This will have had a major impact on his research, as Freud will not have done detailed research into women but would have men, meaning that his idea of female behaviour comes from assumptions and no solid evidence. His research will have had an impact upon society as well, as this may enforce gender stereotypes, as some may believe that women are envious of men.]]> 2017-11-15 10:05:42 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111091 AC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111215 An aspect of Freud's research that could be seen as displaying a gender bias is the belief that women feel 'inferior' to males due to their lack of having a penis. This is an example of an alpha bias as the differences between males and females is being exaggerated, devaluing one of the genders. Freud's research shows signs of androcentrism as the focus is on a male dominated view. This has a major impact on society as it is suggesting that women are inferior to men and are jealous of them, upholding differences is the genders and dis empowering women. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:06:15 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111215 PW https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111232 1) One aspect that could be seen as gender biased is the belief that women are inferior to men.

2) This is an example to alpha bias, due to the fact that Freud exaggerates the differences between males and females. Freud is also very androcentric as he is very focused around men.

3) The effect that this has on society is that he is reinforcing gender stereotypes that men are more superior. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:06:19 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111232 LC u11chapmanl https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111311 1. The idea that females feel inferior to boys as a result of penis envy. Punishment through same sex parent
2. Alpha because there is an exaggeration placed on the differences between men and women
3. This could disempower women in society as they may feel they cannot punish their male son. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:06:38 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111311 Zack zackrichards21 https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111318 1) One aspect of Freud's research that could be considered gender biased is that he believed that girls thought they were 'inferior' to boys due to 'penis envy'.
2) This shows alpha bias, devaluing the female gender and exaggerating the differences between them.
3) Due to Freud's status as an important psychologist his gender biased research could have a significant impact on society.]]> 2017-11-15 10:06:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111318 u11knotto https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111463 1. The aspects of the research that could be considered gender bias are the belief that women automatically feel as if they are inferior the boys due to having a lack of a penis. This therefore assumes that all women feel the same and in order to feel superior they must have a penis.
2. This is an example of alpha bias due to the fact that the differences in gender have been exaggerated. This idea has come from an assumption and is therefore not backed up by any evidence and therefore lacks reliability.
3. This can have an impact on society due to the fact that this study reinforces the stereotype that men are superior to women. This can therefore disempower women as they will feel as if they are lesser than men due to research which may be viewed as being legitimate by the majority. As a result this may become the accepted view if it is accepted by the majority and can therefore increase gender bias in society towards women.]]> 2017-11-15 10:07:09 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111463 AT https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111556 1. One aspect of the research that could be considered gender biased is the fact that females are seen to feel inferior towards boys, with this general idea it means that this research has alpha bias, meaning that it exaggerates that there is a difference between males and females. There is a difference between males and females because of the way in which males are superior and females are inferior. Also another difference which supports this research being alpha biased is that males have penises and women do not, showing a major difference between the two in which his theories came about from.]]> 2017-11-15 10:07:26 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111556 PB https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111568 One problem with Feud's psychodynamic theory is that he is assuming what the female mental perspective entails with no actual evidence and derived purely from his own male world view. He assumes females undergo penis envy despite never experiencing this himself as he is male. In other words, Freud is very andocentric, he neglects an actual female perspective, and so does his followers. The impact of his research means his followers end up having an andocentric view perhaps without even consciously realising. Perhaps female followers of Freud would try to apply this research to their own life]]> 2017-11-15 10:07:31 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111568 IK https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111646 One aspect of Freud's research that could be considered gender biased is that women are inferior to men due to their lack of penis. This means that there is an alpha bias in his research as he exaggerates the difference between men and women. This could have an impact on society as Freud shows significant differences between male and female reactions with could be invalid as he didn't even study females due to their inferior status. This shows that his research is androcentric, as it has a strong focus on men and the male view due to their superior status.]]> 2017-11-15 10:07:45 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207111646 EB https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207112659 1) One aspect of Freud's research that may be considered as gender bias is the belief that women automatically feel inferior to men due to not having a penis. This therefore shows there's an alpha bias in his study as he exaggerates the differences between men and women. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:11:02 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207112659 u15searlee https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207113446 1) A part of Freud''s research that could be considered gender bias is his concept that women feel inferior to men due to there lack of penis(Penis envy. This means that there could be an alpha bias within his research because he is exaggerating the differences between men and women. Furthermore his research is androcentric because it is male dominated. ]]> 2017-11-15 10:13:29 UTC https://padlet.com/rachel_kidson/GenderBias1/wish/207113446