Biodiversity and Oceans by Rhiannon Carter

biodiversity

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direct depletion on non human life

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direct degradation of human life

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indirect depletion of living systems

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species diversity

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genetic diversity

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eccological diversity

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functional diversity

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altered functions within an ecosystem

Ocean acidification can create conditions that eat away at the minerals used by oysters, clams, lobsters, shrimp, coral reefs, and other marine life to build their shells and skeletons.

nutritious foods

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medicine sources

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Biodiversity is required to find and produce medicines eg Cytarabine is a medication used in the management and treatment of leukemias and lymphomas was initially found in Tectitethya crypta, a species of ocean sponges

clean water and air

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Local air and water quality is regulated by a diverse range of species and are involved in reducing temperatures

natural disease resistance

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The more biodiverse an ecosystem is, the more difficult it is for one pathogen to spread rapidly or dominate

cultural importance

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Landscapes and greenspace maintain mental and physical health
Diverse range of species and landscapes play an important role in traditional/ indigenous cultures

food security

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ecosystems provide the conditions for growing food

ocean biodiversity

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evidence even the smalled creatures need to be protected

tourism

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Example: Great barrier reef important to local community

The Reef contributes $6.4 billion to the Australian economy and 90 per cent, or $5.7 billion, is from tourism

ocean acidification

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The ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's ocean

habitat changes

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extinction rates

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Scientists estimate we're now losing species at 1,000 to 10,000 times the “background” rate, with dozens going extinct every day.

most threatened- many of these rely on water/ocean during some phase of life cycle

Amphibians are under the highest threat but all groups of species are at risk.

Amphibians: 41 %

Reef corals: 33 %

Sharks and rays: 36 %

the drivers of biodiversity loss

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1.Changes in land and sea use;

2.Direct exploitation of organisms

3.Climate change

4.Pollution

5.Invasive alien species.

increasing ocean temperatures

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coral bleaching

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