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      <title>CHAPTER 8 CHEM 130 by Meg Ziembowicz</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98</link>
      <description></description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2022-03-21 18:15:39 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2025-10-04 13:22:33 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>8.6 and 8.7, 8.8, 8.9: Precipitation, Aqueous, Complete/Net Ionic, Acid Base Equations</title>
         <author>mziem</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106007987</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 18:58:04 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106007987</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5 - Solubility, Molarity, Sol. Stoichiometry (Electrolytes, Acids, Bases)</title>
         <author>mziem</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106010622</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 18:59:45 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106010622</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Acids </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106179749</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>release protons in water </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:10:40 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106179749</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>8.2: Solution Concentration</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106179975</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>sol. conc</strong>.= amount of solute/amount of solvent<br><strong>molarity (M)</strong>= mol of solute/L of solution<br>- larger molarity= more concentrated solution<br>- can use molarity as a conversion factor<br><br>*during dilution, the number of moles of solute stays constant<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:10:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106179975</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>When Solutes Dissolve</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106180251</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>when the solvent-solute is stronger than the solute-solute<br><br>"like can dissolve like"</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:11:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106180251</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Bases</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106180424</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>releases hydroxide (OH-) in water<br>- it can be assumed that OH- reacts completely with any weak acid</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:11:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106180424</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>acids &amp; bases</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106181375</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>- strong acids &amp; bases completely dissociated into ions<br>- weak acids &amp; bases are not dissociated in net ionic reactions </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:12:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106181375</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Types of Equations</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106181853</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Formula/Molecular: Molecules<br>Complete Ionic: All charged components are included (ionic molecules are written as separate parts with labeled charges)<br>Net Ionic: Spectator ions are removed from complete ionic equation</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:12:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106181853</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>8.3: Solution Stoichiometry</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106182160</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>volume A to amount A</strong>: use molarity of substance A<br><strong>mol A to mol B:</strong> use mole ratio from chemical equation<br><strong>mol B to volume of B:</strong> use molarity of substance B</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:13:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106182160</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>neutralization reactions</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106182230</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>another term for acid-base reactions</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:13:07 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106182230</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>8.9</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106182315</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction: electrons are transferred from one reactant to the the other.&nbsp;<br>OIL RIG: Oxidation is loss (of electrons); Reduction is gain (of electrons)<br>Oxidation states: charge on&nbsp;an atom in&nbsp;the&nbsp;extreme&nbsp;limit&nbsp;of ionic bonding&nbsp; (i.e.–&nbsp;if all shared electrons are assigned to the more electronegative atom).</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:13:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106182315</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Solution Types</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106183226</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Electrolyte: dissolves and conducts electricity (yes ions)<br>ex. soluble ionic compounds, acids, bases<br>Nonelectrolyte: dissolves but does NOT conduct electricity (no ions)<br>ex. soluble molecular compounds</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:13:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106183226</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Electrolytes</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106185108</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Strong electrolytes</strong> dissociate completely into ions (strong acids and bases, soluble ionic compounds)<br><strong>Weak electrolytes</strong> partially dissociate into ions (weak acids and bases)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:15:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106185108</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Gas-Evolution Reactions</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106185230</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>is a chemical reaction in which one of the end products is a gas such as oxygen or carbon dioxide<br>- examples: carbonates &amp; bicarbonates gas evolved is CO2, sulfites &amp; bisulfites; SO2, ammonium; NH3</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:15:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106185230</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106185279</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Oxidation: Increase in oxidation state<br>Reduction: Decrease in oxidation state<br>The oxidizing agent: oxidizes another substance and is itself reduced&nbsp;<br>The reducing agent: reduces another substance and is itself oxidized.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:16:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106185279</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Solubility Rules</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106186049</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1551443339/7f154e83a6f56f711cf837ff43150692/image.png" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:16:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106186049</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Oxidation State Rules</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106186479</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Atoms in elemental state = 0<br>Monatomic ions = ion charge<br>Metals (in compounds) = +<br>Molecules and formula units = sum is 0<br>Polyatomic ions = sum is ion charge<br>Nonmetals w fixed oxidation states =<br>F=-1, H=+1, O=-2<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:17:21 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106186479</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Titrations</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106187533</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>is the delivery of a measured volume of solution of known concentration into a solution containing the substance being analyzed&nbsp;<br>- equivalence point/stoichiometric point: the stage in titration when enough titrant has been added to react exactly with the analyte</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:18:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106187533</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Precipitation Rxn</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106187552</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Two aqueous solutions mix and one of the products is insoluable</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:18:19 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106187552</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Acid Types</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106188284</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Strong: complete dissociation of ions<br>Weak: partial dissociation of ions</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-03-21 21:19:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mziem/avxhmj22iiktdg98/wish/2106188284</guid>
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