[상황] My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents’ garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees.

[위기] We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down — that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

[극복]I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world’s first computer animated feature film(장편 영화), Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together. I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it.

[교훈]Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.

사랑과 상실

[상황]
내 두 번째 이야기는 사랑과 상실에 대한 것입니다. 나는 운이 좋았습니다. 인생에서 내가 사랑하는 일을 일찍 찾았으니까요. 워즈(Woz)와 나는 내가 20살이었을 때 부모님의 차고에서 애플을 시작했습니다. 우리는 열심히 일했고, 10년 만에 애플은 차고에서 시작한 두 명의 작은 팀에서 직원 4000명 규모의 20억 달러 기업으로 성장했습니다.

[위기]
우리는 막 최고의 창작물인 매킨토시를 출시했고, 나는 막 30살이 되었습니다. 그리고 그때 나는 해고당했습니다. 어떻게 자신이 창립한 회사에서 해고될 수 있을까요? 애플이 성장하면서 나는 함께 회사를 운영할 매우 유능한 사람을 고용했다고 생각했습니다. 처음 1년 정도는 모든 것이 순조롭게 진행되었습니다. 하지만 시간이 지나면서 우리의 미래에 대한 비전이 달라졌고, 결국 의견 충돌이 일어났습니다. 그리고 이 과정에서 이사회(Board of Directors)는 그 사람의 편을 들었습니다. 그래서 나는 30살에 회사에서 쫓겨났습니다. 그것도 아주 공개적으로 말이죠.

내 성인의 모든 시간을 바쳐온 것이 하루아침에 사라졌고, 그것은 정말 참담한 일이었습니다. 몇 개월 동안 나는 무엇을 해야 할지 전혀 몰랐습니다. 나는 이전 세대의 기업가들에게 큰 실망을 안겨준 것 같았고, 그들에게 넘겨받은 바통을 떨어뜨린 기분이었습니다. 나는 데이비드 패커드(David Packard)와 밥 노이스(Bob Noyce)를 만나 큰 실수를 저질렀다고 사과하기도 했습니다. 나는 모두가 보는 앞에서 실패했고, 심지어 실리콘밸리를 떠날 생각까지 했습니다. 하지만 시간이 흐르면서 서서히 깨닫게 된 것이 있었습니다. 나는 여전히 내가 하는 일을 사랑하고 있었습니다. 애플에서의 사건은 그것을 조금도 바꾸지 않았습니다. 나는 거절당했지만, 여전히 내가 하는 일에 사랑에 빠져 있었습니다. 그래서 나는 다시 시작하기로 결심했습니다.

[극복]
그때는 몰랐지만, 애플에서 해고당한 것은 내 인생에서 일어난 가장 좋은 일이었습니다. 성공해야 한다는 무거운 부담감이 사라지고, 다시 시작하는 초심자의 가벼움이 찾아왔습니다. 모든 것이 확실하지 않은 상태가 오히려 나를 자유롭게 했고, 내 인생에서 가장 창의적인 시기를 맞이할 수 있도록 해주었습니다.

그 후 5년 동안, 나는 NeXT라는 회사를 설립했고, 또 다른 회사인 Pixar를 만들었으며, 나의 아내가 된 놀라운 여성과 사랑에 빠졌습니다. Pixar는 세계 최초의 컴퓨터 애니메이션 장편 영화인 토이 스토리를 제작했고, 현재 가장 성공한 애니메이션 스튜디오가 되었습니다. 놀랍게도 애플이 NeXT를 인수하면서 나는 다시 애플로 돌아왔고, NeXT에서 개발한 기술이 애플의 부활 중심에 놓이게 되었습니다. 그리고 로렌과 나는 아름다운 가정을 이루었습니다.

만약 내가 애플에서 해고되지 않았다면 이 모든 일이 일어나지 않았을 것입니다. 그것은 정말 끔찍한 약이었지만, 환자에게 꼭 필요한 약이었던 셈입니다.

[교훈]
때때로 인생은 당신의 머리를 벽돌로 내리칩니다. 하지만 믿음을 잃지 마세요. 나를 버티게 한 유일한 것은 내가 하는 일을 사랑했다는 사실입니다. 당신은 반드시 당신이 사랑하는 것을 찾아야 합니다. 그것은 일에서도, 사랑에서도 마찬가지입니다.

당신의 일이 인생에서 큰 부분을 차지할 것입니다. 그리고 진정으로 만족하는 유일한 방법은 당신이 위대한 일이라고 믿는 일을 하는 것입니다. 그리고 위대한 일을 할 수 있는 유일한 방법은 당신이 하는 일을 사랑하는 것입니다.

아직 그것을 찾지 못했다면, 계속 찾아보세요. 멈추지 마세요. 사랑과 관련된 모든 일처럼, 당신이 찾았을 때 직감적으로 알게 될 것입니다. 그리고 훌륭한 관계처럼, 그것은 시간이 흐를수록 더욱 좋아질 것입니다. 그러니 계속해서 찾으세요. 멈추지 마세요.

1. 나의 의견

-성적보다 __ 이 중요하다

2. 그 이유

-

3. 관련 사례/예시

-

4. 한 문장 정리

-

You will be answering questions in the interview.

#Constraints(제약)

- Your responses should be concise and limited to 1 or 2 sentences

- Use CEFR B1 level words. However, some technical terms are allowed.

- Do not leave out any key ideas from the Q&A.

#Input(명령 내용)

Suppose you have profession suggested in Q1 and answer based on the Q&A Below.

Do not answer before I ask each question.

When I say end of the interview, print the conversation we’ve had.

#Q&A

1. What is your profession?

2. What motivated you to pursue this career?

3. What challenges did you overcome?

4. What was your proudest moment?

5. What strengths contributed to your success?

6. What are your core values?

7. What are your future plans?

8. Message from My Future Self

#Output

2. https://www.naturalreaders.com/online/

3. https://app.play.ht/voices/voice-library

1. 'Voice Library' 들어가서 대본 복사 후 붙여넣기 하기

2. 상단 바에서 속도 0.8x정도로 설정하기

3. 재생버튼 눌러 들어보기

2. https://www.naturalreaders.com/online/

3. https://app.play.ht/voices/voice-library

1. 'Voice Library' 들어가서 대본 복사 후 붙여넣기 하기

2. 상단 바에서 속도 0.8x정도로 설정하기

3. 재생버튼 눌러 들어보기

Good morning/afternoon, everyone.

Today, I will explain why using gene-editing technology to control the traits of unborn babies is not justifiable.

First, life is something we should respect, not control. Gene editing interferes with natural processes, and we cannot predict what consequences that might bring. When humans try to change nature, it often leads to unexpected harm.

Second, society thrives on diversity. People with different talents and abilities balance each other out. If everyone becomes perfect through gene editing, competition loses meaning, and society could become unstable and even unfair.

Third, frequent use of gene-editing technology may weaken our sense of bioethics. If it becomes common, people may start editing for unnecessary reasons like looks or intelligence. This could lead to dangerous trends where life is treated like a product, not a gift.

In conclusion, gene editing on fetuses is not just a scientific issue—it’s a moral one. We must be careful not to lose our respect for life in the pursuit of perfection.

Thank you.

Have you ever heard of biased news, the most dangerous weapon to us today?

Biased news being a serious threat to our society.

So in this presentation, I will explain what you need to know about biased news.

Then, what is biased news?

Biased news refers to media bias which is news produced by journalists who do not remain neutral.

Biased news can mislead people.

For example, due to biased reporting by some Broadcasting Company, some citizens attacked the U.S. Capitol.

That effects of biased news like this can trigger conflict between people.

If biased news causes such problems, how is honest news different?

Unlike biased news, honest news does not contain the journalist's personal ideology, It only reports truthful information and does not exaggerate.

For instance, there was a citizen who bravely reported a person who committed a crime.

So, what can we do to prevent biased news?

First, you must avoid falling into confirmation bias.

then you can evaluate information objectively.

Also, you must carefully examine the sources and evidence behind the news.

If a news lacks a clear source, it is likely to be false.

In conclusion, the news we see every day has two faces.

I hope you will remember what we must do to prevent biased news.

Lastly, here's a quote from George Orwell:

"In a time of deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act."

I hope you become someone who pursues the truth, just like this quote says.

At some point in daily life, you may have had a song that keeps popping into your head.

Most people have experienced a situation where a certain song or sound repeatedly plays in their mind.

This phenomenon is related to how the brain automatically processes information.

In particular, repetitive and memorable stimuli, like melodies or spoken phrases, tend to stay in the brain longer.

For example, a part of a song you often hear may keep coming back to you, or something someone said may replay over and over in your mind.

This kind of experience is called an “earworm,” also known as “gwi-beol-lae” in Korean.

So why does this happen?

In fact, the earworm phenomenon is the brain’s way of relieving fatigue and stress.

For instance, when you’re about to give a presentation in front of many people or start an important meeting,

your brain enters a state of extreme tension.

To calm this tension, the brain chooses to recall and hum songs or phrases heard in the past.

This response of the brain is what we call the earworm phenomenon

Have you ever seen a samurai in a comic or a movie?
They always look cool, strong, and honorable.
They wear beautiful armor, fight many enemies, and never show fear.

But in real life, samurai were not like that.

Actually, samurai were more like salarymen.
When they did something good, they got a certificate from their boss.
They used it later when they looked for a new job.
Their nice armor? It was to look good and get attention, like a suit for an interview.

Also, many samurai were poor.
Only the oldest son got the job and salary.
The younger sons were still called samurai, but they had no official job.
Many of them became farmers or merchants to survive.

There was another problem: merchants.
Merchants gave money to samurai with very high interest.
Many samurai had to borrow money and lived with a lot of debt.

And even though they wore swords, they couldn’t use them freely.
The government made strict rules.
If they used their sword without a reason, they could be punished.

So, the samurai we see in comics and movies and the real samurai were very different.
They were not just warriors.
They were often poor salarymen, or even farmers and merchants, who couldn’t even use their swords.

The first method is to avoid blue light before going to bed. Blue light can be a major factor that disrupts our sleep. Normally, our body secretes a sleep hormone called melatonin at night. However, when we are exposed to blue light, the brain is tricked into thinking it's still daytime, and melatonin production is suppressed. As a result, it becomes harder to fall asleep, and the overall quality of sleep can decrease.

According to research, people exposed to blue light before bedtime take longer to enter REM sleep and feel more tired when they wake up in the morning.

The second method is to create a sleep-friendly environment. Irregular noise can actually help provide a sense of psychological comfort. In one study, people fell asleep more quickly when exposed to white noise.

Another research paper suggests that sleeping on your left side may help you fall asleep more easily compared to sleeping on your right side. Sleeping on your left side can reduce acid reflux and support heart rate regulation and brain circulation, all of which contribute to better sleep.

These small activities lead to better sleep.

Do you like music? I also like music. However, I have a somewhat unique preference for the music of the Soviet Union and Russia, which is a genre not widely known in Korea. The most recognized figures are Kino, led by the Korean Viktor Tsoi, and Lyube.

Therefore, what I would like to introduce this time is popular music from the late Soviet era. In the late 20th century, Western music such as rock, jazz, and pop metal flourished. As the Cold War relaxed in the late 20th century, exchanges between the communist bloc and the West gradually increased, and Western cultural elements began to seep into the communist countries. This was no exception for the Soviet Union either.

The Soviet government attempted to prevent the influx of Western culture, but Western culture spread covertly in the Soviet Union through black markets. Various bands began to emerge that mimicked Western genres or styles, such as the Leningrad Rock Club and other music gatherings.

At that time, Soviet musicians could be divided into two groups: those who officially registered with the Soviet Ministry of Culture and worked with state-owned record companies, and underground musicians who operated unofficially. In the Soviet Union at that time, only music that met the censorship criteria set by the Ministry of Culture was allowed to be performed. However, underground bands often did not comply with these regulations. They cleverly violated these rules to perform Western music, as well as anti-establishment and avant-garde songs, and became targets of repression by the Communist Party. Bans on performances were common, and there were cases where bands were forcibly disbanded or monitored by the KGB. For example, the punk rock singer Yegor Letov was arrested by the KGB for his radical musical tendencies and was either incarcerated in a psychiatric hospital or lived in hiding for six months to escape the KGB.

Nevertheless, the Soviet government could not fully control these musicians and began to deal with them by flexibly adjusting regulations. Thanks to this, underground bands could grow alongside the discontent of the Soviet youth towards the social system.

metal bands like Ariya and Kruiz, rock bands like Kino, DDT, and Grazhdanskaya Oborona, and pop bands like Kruk, Sarichev & Alpha have flavored Russia from the late 1970s through the early 2000s and continue to carry on their legacy to some extent today. These changes in post-Soviet popular music can be seen as a symbolic anecdote reflecting the atmosphere of the Soviet Union and the era when the Cold War was easing.

Working out can boost your learning efficiency and improve your concentration. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid that becomes more available during exercise, helps increase the production of serotonin.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that enhances focus and comprehension.

In addition, exercise can relieve the stress that builds up from studying.

When we study for long periods, cortisol — the hormone responsible for stress — accumulates in our bodies. Beta-endorphins, which are released during exercise, help reduce cortisol levels and relieve stress.

A paper titled “Energy Waves in Lactic Acid Exercise: Analysis of the Dynamics of β-Endorphins in the Blood” showed that the concentration of beta-endorphins increases after 30 minutes of aerobic exercise.

I’ve also personally felt that physical activity, like PE class in the middle of studying, helps relieve my stress and clear my mind

Exercising can increase concentration and comprehension, and help you relieve stress. The exam period is coming up, and remember that periodic exercises are important during the exam period.

I will give a presentation on the origin of baking and pastry making.

The earliest appearance of baking and pastry making dates back to ancient Egypt around 4000 BC, where bread was made using fermentation caused by wild yeast.It is said that at that time, the method of making bread using wild yeast was discovered by chance.Then, what about modern baking and pastry making?Modern baking and pastry making create unique products through a creative blend of design and flavor.What are the differences between baking and pastry making in the past and the present?In the past, it was food for survival, but nowadays, it is a fusion of art and technology.

Today, I want to talk about something that affects all of us—how to break free from being a slave to dopamine.

Dopamine is a chemical in the brain that’s linked to pleasure and the reward system. When we get a hit of dopamine, we feel good—for a little while. In the right amount, it helps with motivation and learning. But when there’s too much, our brain starts craving stronger and more intense stimulation. That’s when it becomes a problem.

The tricky part is, our brains aren’t good at regulating how much pleasure we feel. That’s why it’s so easy to get hooked.

According to data from the platform company IGAWorks, people in Korea spend about 69.65 million hours on YouTube every day. That’s around 139 minutes per person. Instagram isn’t far behind, with people spending an average of 50 minutes a day.

What’s driving this? The rise of short-form content like YouTube Shorts and Instagram Reels. These fast, stimulating videos create quick bursts of pleasure—but constant exposure to them can lead to reduced focus, more impulsive behavior, and even exaggerated emotional responses.

So, what can we do?

Some people try things like dopamine detox or dopamine resets. But experts say it’s not about cutting off all dopamine. Instead, it’s better to manage it—by doing small but meaningful activities that give us a healthy sense of reward.

So here’s a thought: what if we try setting even a simple goal—and then give ourselves a real reward for achieving it?

That way, we’re not fighting dopamine—we’re using it in a smarter, healthier way.

Thank you

Let's explore the effectiveness of studying English through pop songs

A downside of learning English through pop songs is that they often skip proper grammar

Let's find out how to study English through pop songs.

"Choose ballads rather than rap songs, interpret the lyrics in your own way, and share your interpretations with your friends."

so, one advantage of learning English through pop songs is that it allows easy and frequent exposure to the language.and It's easy to memorize English vocabulary.It helps you study consistently.

As a result, it proved to be 30% more effective than traditional study methods.

What’s important in learning English is being exposed to the language for a long time.

First of all, refugees are people who, for various reasons, have a well-founded fear of persecution in their own country and have fled beyond its borders, unable or unwilling to seek protection from their home nation. Refugees are mostly caused by war, religion, or political reasons. As the number of refugees has increased recently, it has become a major issue in the international community. So, what kind of problems are they facing?

For example, in the case of the Syrian civil war, refugees may face prejudice and discrimination because their culture may not align with that of the local residents. If they are unable to settle properly because of this, there is a risk of them turning to crime, which can lead to domestic instability. Furthermore, due to the lack of an adequate response from the international community, refugees are concentrated in certain countries, worsening the problem. Countries that have suffered significant impacts include the United States, Germany, and Italy

Before these problems become more severe, we must respond quickly and find solutions.

Second, the rise of health and wellness trends among the MZ generation has played a significant role. This generation is highly sensitive to self-care, including diet, exercise, and mental health. Among younger people, alcohol is increasingly viewed as a factor that negatively affects sleep quality, causes fatigue, and contributes to weight gain.

(그래프를 제시하며) In line with these trends, alcohol consumption in Korea has been on a downward trend over the past decade.

So how has alcohol consumption changed today? In the past, drinking culture was often seen as a way to relieve stress or strengthen social bonds. However, in recent years, particularly among the MZ generation, the purpose of drinking has been shifting. Rather than simply serving as a means to relieve stress, alcohol is now increasingly appreciated for its taste—it is being perceived as an extension of gourmet experiences.

This shift is also linked to the rising social status and income levels of women, which has led to changes in alcohol culture that better align with their lifestyles. As a result, fruit-flavored soju, low-alcohol beverages, wine, and cocktails have gained popularity.

In addition, in an effort to re-engage the MZ generation, who are gradually distancing themselves from alcohol consumption, alcohol brands are employing various strategies. These include leveraging social media-based content consumption and sharing, creating unique stories and stylish designs, and developing new products based on a deeper understanding of the types of alcohol preferred by the MZ generation.

(MZ세대 마케팅 예시 제시)

What direction is alcohol consumption likely to take in the future? Based on current trends, alcohol consumption is expected to become increasingly health-conscious and more premium-oriented. As these trends continue, overall alcohol consumption is likely to decline.

This decline may lead to a variety of positive outcomes, such as improvements in public health, reductions in social conflicts and crime, and better protection for youth and future generations.

 (세계 보건 기구의 말 인용)

Do you have an interest in stocks?

If you do, I think you’ll enjoy my presentation today.

My topic is “The History and Future of the Stock Market.”

Let’s start with a question: When did the stock market begin?

In ancient Rome, people had some ideas about investing together,

but the modern stock system began in 1602 with the Dutch East India Company.

This company was the first to sell shares to the public.

Investors could earn part of the company’s profits.

At that time, the Amsterdam Stock Exchange was also created —

this became the world’s first stock market.

However, the market has also had difficult times.

In 1929, the U.S. stock market crashed.

This caused the Great Depression, a very hard time for many people.

After that, the U.S. government made rules and systems to protect investors,

like the SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission).

Now, in the 21st century, investing has become much easier.

We can buy and sell stocks just by using our smartphones.

Also, technology is changing the market very quickly.

So what about the future?

First, we will use more AI (Artificial Intelligence) to study the stock market.

AI can help people make better investment decisions.

Second, ESG investing will become more important.

ESG means thinking about Environment, Social issues, and Governance when investing.

It’s not just about profit — it’s also about doing the right thing.

Today, investing is becoming a necessary skill in modern life.

So I hope everyone learns about stocks, thinks carefully, and makes smart investments.

Thank you for listening.

Jobs explored different cultures and blended technology with art to create innovative products. This shows that stepping out of familiar environments enables new ways of thinking.

Creativity doesn’t grow in comfort zones—it thrives in unfamiliar and diverse experiences. Jobs’ life is proof of that. So we, too, must have the courage to try something new. That is where creativity begins.

Have you ever thought of a world where the Nazis and Japan won?

if They win the war, it will be bad situation.

The Nazis planned to massacres other people after winning the war.

They tried to kill Jews, 80% of British people(excluding Japanese), 50~100% eastern Europeans, 30% of Americans and countless others who joined the Allies.

The drama created on the above theme The man in the high castle, depicts similar content well.

Also, Japan attempted to change the identify of other ethnic groups and massacre them.

they tried to implement it in their occupied territories based on the " Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity sphere" at the time.

For example. Korea, Taiwan, and Ryukyu which were occupied by Japan during WW2, almost lost their national identity and countless people died.

if you look at the population they would slaughter about 400million people would have died. in the end, their main plan for the world they win is genocide and the elimination of identity . it would have been like a dark world.

A memorable remark is that Churchill's peace is a strong man's privilege.

What kind of music do you think of, and how much do you need it?

In my opinion, music is a tool that can change our emotions.

In the past, music was created to express and communicate human thoughts and feelings. But now, it has developed to make people feel happier.

One good thing about listening to music while exercising is that it stimulates the amygdala and cerebellum in the brain, which helps release dopamine. This reduces fatigue and improves concentration.

However, the downside is that if you become dependent on music, your brain won’t be stimulated the same way when you don’t listen to it. As a result, your concentration might decrease and you may become more sensitive.

In conclusion, listening to music while exercising can help you perform more effectively, but it is important to control it well so that you don’t become dependent on it.

While preparing this presentation, the phrase that stayed in my memory was:

“We need to control it well so that we don’t become dependent on it.”

Then let's find out about the origin of soccer.

The country that officially started soccer is England. Even in ancient times and the Middle Ages, ball games without rules were played as a means of play or training. In the 19th century, when the English Football Association set the rules, the soccer we know was made.

The most important reason why soccer is popular is that it has a large population in England, which has historically led soccer, and it is a working class sport. As a result, workers who immigrated or went to work abroad became popular as they spread soccer. Interestingly, there are more countries that have joined FIFA than those that have joined the UN. Today, the most popular countries for soccer are England, Spain, Germany, Italy, and France. This has led to leagues called EPL, La Liga, Bundesliga, Serie, and Ligue.

In the future, soccer will develop more technologically and socially. AI trials will be introduced for accurate decisions. You will be able to participate in the game in virtual reality for your fans' experience. Women's soccer will develop further to promote gender equality.I want you guys to be more interested in soccer. Thank you

But, an interesting game caught my attention. Elden Ring — a game in the Souls-like genre. Today, I'm going to talk about what this fascinating genre is and where it was made.

Let's see where the soul game came from. This genre was created by a company called FromSoftware. From in the early days just made all kinds of software. However, due to the bursting of the bubble

in the Japanese economy and the recession, there were fewer requests for development. Accordingly, From changed its career path to game development when 3D graphics were introduced.

Later, FromSoftware's president, Miyazaki, created a game called Demon's Souls in 2009, which gained popularity overseas through word of mouth. With Dark Souls, the spiritual successor to Demon's Souls,

FromSoftware established third-person action RPGs as its main focus and pioneered a new genre known as 'Soulslike'. Through Demon's Souls and Dark Souls, FromSoftware and the Soulslike genre gained recognition abroad, leading to significant popularity. It was challenging but fair, so players felt it was appealing. However, the next sequel, Dark Souls II, can be considered a failure for FromSoftware. FromSoftware thought that players would enjoy the game if it was difficult.

Accordingly, FromSoftware made Dark Souls II not difficult but filled with unfair challenges, resulting in a failure. It was an unpleasant kind of difficulty. Fans responded with harsh criticism. Realizing this, FromSoftware created Dark Souls III, the final installment in the Dark Souls universe. They addressed the issues from the previous game, and since it was the concluding chapter, the story was also well-crafted. Afterward, FromSoftware expanded their reputation as the pioneer of Soulslike games by creating Bloodborne, inspired by cosmic horror; Sekiro, with its Eastern themes; and Elden Ring, an open-world title. There are also other games made by different companies inspired by FromSoftware. A notable example is the Korean game Lies of P, which is based on a fairy tale theme. As the pioneer of Soulslike games, FromSoftware originally leveraged their expertise in software technology to achieve great success as a game company. If you, too, want to get hooked on this captivating genre, give it a try. It will be challenging

First, exercise improves our health. Regular physical activity enhances cardiovascular health and lowers the risk of diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure. It strengthens the heart and lungs and helps prevent chronic illnesses.

Second, exercise contributes to better mental health. When we exercise, our bodies release endorphins, often called “happy hormones,” which help reduce stress and alleviate symptoms of depression.

Lastly, exercise boosts concentration and energy levels. It increases the supply of oxygen to the brain, improving memory and focus while activating brain function and enhancing vitality.

For these reasons, exercise is an essential part of our lives.

First, worsened mental health can harm our physical health. People experience symptoms like shortness of breath and headaches continuously. Because both the body and mind get tired, the body becomes weak. In fact, when I was receiving treatment last year, I often caught colds and other illnesses.

Second, depression and anxiety can cause people to lose their will to do things. For example, people with depression or anxiety disorders might think, “Why do I have to study?” and feel completely without will. In fact, the suicide rate among people with depression is 25.2 per 100,000, more than twice the OECD average of 11.3.

Third, worsened mental health often leads to insomnia and lowers sleep quality. Sleep is an important part of our daily lives because it affects concentration, physical activity, and all daily functions. A psychiatrist said that 80% of people with depression or anxiety in our country experience sleep disorders. Because of this, worsened mental health has a big impact on everyday life.

To sum up, worsened mental health affects our body, motivation, and sleep. Therefore, it is very important to take good care of our mental health before it worsens. Thank you for listening.

Working out can boost your learning efficiency and improve your concentration. 

Tryptophan, an essential amino acid that becomes more available during exercise,

 helps increase the production of serotonin.

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that enhances focus and comprehension.

 In addition, exercise can relieve the stress that builds up from studying. 

When we study for long periods, cortisol — the hormone responsible for stress — accumulates in our bodies. 

Beta-endorphins, which are released during exercise, 

help reduce cortisol levels and relieve stress. 

A paper titled “Energy Waves in Lactic Acid Exercise: Analysis of the Dynamics of β-Endorphins in the Blood” showed that the concentration of beta-endorphins increases after 30 minutes of aerobic exercise. 

I’ve also personally felt that physical activity,

 like PE class in the middle of studying,

 helps relieve my stress and clear my mind.

Exercising can increase concentration and comprehension, 

and help you relieve stress. 

The exam period is coming up, 

and remember that periodic exercises are important during the exam period.

Have you ever thought about the effect of lack of sleep on your daily life? I'm going to talk about the effect of lack of sleep on your daily life today. First, concentration is reduced. Low concentration leads to lower grades for students and less efficient work for office workers. Lack of sleep leads to a loss of balance of neurotransmitters, and if the brain does not recover, cognitive function is negatively affected. Studies show that the group who slept for 5 hours decreased cognitive function by an average of 20% compared to the group who slept for 8 hours, and that lack of sleep slows down the response rate by 50%. Second, lack of sleep increases sensitivity. This leads to increased stress and lower social skills. And cognitive ability decreases. There is an academic paper that shows that the better the sleep efficiency, the less the effect of negative life events on daily stress. Additionally, shift workers had lower language memory, processing speed, and response time than non-shift workers. Third, health deteriorates. Not getting enough sleep leads to lower concentration and prevents our body's immune system and brain from functioning properly. We consume caffeine to restore lower concentration. This leads to caffeine addiction and worse health. Studies have shown that one in three Korean teenagers has more than one allergic disease, which is linked to sleep deprivation and stress. Caffeine has a half-life of six hours and takes more than 10 hours to completely escape from the body, so it is recommended to refrain from drinking coffee in the late afternoon for a good night's sleep. Studies have shown that the effect of sleep-inducing drugs is not very significant. Sleeping less than six hours increases the risk of heart artery disease by 48% and the risk of stroke by 15%. So you should sleep and wake up at a set time to improve your sleep, and avoid getting too much sleep on weekends. You also need regular exercise, and you should control your caffeine intake. Thank you for listening.

These days, many teenagers spend hours on their smartphones, scrolling through SNS and watching short videos. According to Dong-A Ilbo, two out of three teenagers use their phones for more than three hours a day. With constant notifications and fast content, it becomes harder to focus—especially when studying. Our concentration gets weaker without us even realizing it.

But that’s not the only issue.

Social media also impacts our mental health.

Yonhap News reports that excessive SNS use can lead to emotional anxiety and even expose teenagers to harmful content related to self-harm or suicide. Constantly comparing ourselves with others online can lower self-esteem and increase feelings of depression and anxiety. Emotional control becomes more difficult.

Still, social media isn’t all negative.

It also helps us stay connected.

According to Health Korea News, SNS reduces feelings of isolation and helps teenagers build relationships without needing to meet face-to-face. For those who feel anxious about social interactions, it can offer emotional comfort and a sense of belonging.

In the end, what really matters is how we use social media.

If we use it wisely and in moderation, it can be a helpful tool. But if we rely on it too much, it can harm both our focus and our mental health.

Thank you.

“Exercise” and “study” may seem like opposites,

but they are actually closely connected.

Exercise is essential for effective studying.

Working out can boost your learning efficiency

and improve your concentration. 

Tryptophan,

an essential amino acid that becomes more available during exercise,

 helps increase the production of serotonin.

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter

that enhances focus and comprehension.

 In addition,

exercise can relieve the stress that builds up from studying. 

When we study for long periods, cortisol

— the hormone responsible for stress —

accumulates in our bodies. 

Beta-endorphins, which are released during exercise, 

help reduce cortisol levels and relieve stress. 

A paper titled “Energy Waves in Lactic Acid Exercise:

Analysis of the Dynamics of β-Endorphins in the Blood”

showed that the concentration of beta-endorphins

increases after 30 minutes of aerobic exercise. 

I’ve also personally felt that physical activity,

 like PE class in the middle of studying,

 helps relieve my stress and clear my mind.

Exercising can increase concentration and comprehension, 

and help you relieve stress. 

The exam period is coming up, 

and remember that periodic exercises

are important during the exam period.

1)School Life (학교생활)-그래프, 설문 차트

* How students manage stress during exams

* The most popular extracurricular activities at our school

* Smartphone use among teenagers

* How school uniforms affect students’ identity

* Changes in study habits after COVID-19

2)Career (진로)-그래프, 인포그래픽

* My dream job and why it inspires me

* Jobs that will disappear in the future

* The rise of digital nomads

* How AI will change future careers

* Why soft skills are important for success

3)World Cultures (세계 각국의 문화)-비교표, 지도

* Cultural differences in greetings

* Traditional festivals around the world

* Table manners in different countries

* The impact of K-pop on global culture

* How people celebrate New Year’s Day worldwide

4)Economy (경제)-막대그래프, 선 그래프

* The importance of saving and investing

* Why prices are rising: Understanding inflation

* Part-time jobs among teenagers

* The sharing economy: Uber, Airbnb, and more

* How online shopping changes the economy

5)Trade (무역)-지도, 비교표

* Why countries trade with each other

* Korea’s main export products

* The story of fair trade coffee

* The effects of global supply chains

* How free trade agreements work

6)Literature (문학)-구조도, 감정선 그래프, 인포그래픽

* What I learned from a novel or poem

* Comparing classic and modern literature

* The power of storytelling in movies and books

* How literature reflects society

* My favorite character and what they taught me

7)Science & Technology / AI (과학 기술·AI) -프로세스 도식화, 사진자료, 영상

* How AI is used in education

* The pros and cons of self-driving cars

* How smartphones have changed communication

* The impact of robots on daily life

* Future technologies that will change the world

#구조

Opening

Thesis statement:

Body

Topic sentence 1:

시각자료 1:

Topic sentence 2:

시각자료 2:

Topic sentence 3:

시각자료 3:

Conclusion:

• Speaktor(무료, 발표용 자연 억양, 속도 조절 가능)

https://speaktor.com/app/dashboard/

• Notevibes (무료, 다운로드 가능)

https://notevibes.com/

• ElevenLabs (자연스러운 음성)

https://elevenlabs.io/app/home

ex) 2901 송형석

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1wMhC7WJCeDjVvdUsRA5O3poBlVXHqwzWrUR-88Z6hqY/edit?usp=sharing

 I would like to talk about which continent Türkiye belongs to based on the current standard.

1.   Türkiye’s Relationship with Europe

Türkiye’s attempt to join the European Union failed because it rejected the membership requirements, such as the Kurdish issue, human rights, and democracy.Also

Conservative forces in Europe regard Türkiye as part of Asia.And

Türkiye tries to distance itself from the EU, considering the disadvantages of joining, such as the acceptance of refugees.

 2.   Türkiye’s Relationship with Asia

 Türkiye’s politics are trying to move away from Europe.and

 The country’s conservative Islamic and democratic sentiments are growing, leading it to seek closer ties with Asia.besides

Türkiye’s relationship with Asian countries has become more complex than its relationship with Europe.

surprisingly

Morocco’s attempt to join the European Union was rejected because it is an African country.Although Israel is located in Asia, it has joined many European organizations, such as the UEFA (Union of European Football Associations), councils, and institutions.

 based on today’s perspective rather than the past, we can say that Türkiye belongs to the Asian side.There is a memorable saying.

Are you Europe or Asia?” — a question often asked in travel stories and articles.

Hello everyone. Today, I’m going to talk about the secret of Japan’s long life.

According to the 2018 United Nations report, Japan ranked number one in the world for life expectancy.

One of the reasons often mentioned is a traditional Japanese eating habit called Hara Hachi Bu.

Hara Hachi Bu means “eat until you are 80 percent full.”

It teaches people to avoid overeating and to keep their bodies light and healthy.

This habit began in Okinawa, an island in southern Japan that is famous for having many long-living people.

Okinawan meals are small in size but rich in nutrition.

They often include sweet potatoes, fish, seaweed, tofu, and fermented foods such as miso.

These foods are low in calories and high in nutrients that help the heart, bones, and digestion.

Because of this healthy eating habit, Japan has become one of the countries with the longest life expectancy in the world.

In the end, the secret of Japan’s long life is simple.

It comes from healthy eating habits like Hara Hachi Bu.

So, why don’t we try Hara Hachi Bu in our own lives?

Thank you for listening.

시각자료:

So why are indie games becoming so popular?

 Part of the reason is that the gaming market itself has changed. Digital distribution platforms like Steam, the Epic Games Store, and mobile app stores now allow developers to release games to a global audience without needing a publisher. At the same time, game engines such as Unity, Unreal, and Godot have become accessible, making it possible for even small teams or solo developers to create high-quality games. Meanwhile, major game companies often focus on safe, high-budget projects, which leaves room for indie games to stand out with creative and experimental ideas.

Support systems have also played a big role. Many platforms and organizations provide programs to help developers with funding, marketing, and global exposure. Programs like Early Access or Steam Next Fest allow indie developers not only to raise funds but also to promote their games and receive feedback from players, creating a more dynamic and sustainable development process.

Another key factor is the changing mindset of players. Today, gamers are increasingly looking for creativity, unique stories, and meaningful gameplay experiences rather than just high-end graphics or large-scale production. Indie games often encourage communication between developers and players, letting feedback influence the game directly. This interaction creates a strong connection between creators and their audience, making indie games feel more personal and engaging.

In short, the growing popularity of indie games comes from a mix of evolving market conditions, supportive platforms and programs, and players’ desire for originality and engagement. Together, these factors have allowed indie games to go beyond small-scale projects and have a real impact on global gaming culture, showing that creativity and innovation can thrive even outside the biggest studios.

Not only among us here today, but also in many countries around the world, this issue of career uncertainty is steadily increasing. / As we can see, according to OECD, the career uncertainty of adolescents is getting higher than before.

So why is this happening? In today’s presentation, we will explore the main reasons why many teenagers struggle to choose a clear career path.

Rising college entrance rates caused a bad effect on the ability to choose a career. In today’s society, there is a strong belief that “you must go to college first.” Because of this social pressure, many students enter university without a clear goal or interest in mind. / We can see in the graph exactly why university students cannot choose a career path. / Once they are in college, they face a completely new environment, such as relationships, and social expectations. As a result, they have less time and energy to actively explore their true career interests, which increases their uncertainty about the future.

And due to economic recession, financial anxiety prevents youth from making career decisions. Another major factor is economic instability. High youth unemployment rates and rising prices make young people feel anxious about their future. / This is the youth expended unemployment rate. It's getting worse than before. / In addition, Many students hesitate to choose a career because they fear failure or financial risk. Instead of pursuing their passion, they often choose safer, more stable options—or avoid making a decision at all—because they worry about whether their career will provide economic security.

Also youth tend to give up on career exploration because of the loss of educational value. Then, many students lose motivation because they no longer see the real value of education. / This picture shows that many students don't know why they have to go to school. / Our education system is often dominated by excessive competition and entrance exams. Rather than focusing on students’ talents and individual potential, education sometimes pushes everyone in the same direction. This causes students to feel disconnected from learning and leads them to give up on exploring their careers, since they do not feel respected or supported as unique individuals.

In conclusion, we have seen how changes in society, the economy, and the education system have all contributed to increasing career uncertainty among youth. This is not just an individual problem—it is a social issue that demands our attention.

To help teenagers make confident and meaningful career choices, our society must provide guidance, support, and opportunities that respect each individual’s potential. Thank you.

Good morning everyone. Have you ever seen someone losing their hair and wondered why it happens? Or maybe you’ve noticed your own hair falling out a little more than usual. Hair loss is something that can happen to anyone, and it affects not only our appearance but also our confidence. Today, I want to talk about the causes, symptoms, and prevention of hair loss.

First, let’s look at the main causes of hair loss.

Hair loss can be caused by genetics, stress, poor diet, or hormonal changes. For example, some people inherit a gene from their parents that makes their hair thin earlier in life. Stress can also lead to temporary hair loss by disrupting the normal growth cycle.

Second, there are clear symptoms that show when hair loss is starting.

People might notice a widening part, a receding hairline, or a lot of hair on their pillow or comb. These signs can appear slowly, making it easy to ignore at first. Recognizing these early symptoms is important to prevent the problem from getting worse.

Finally, hair loss can be prevented or slowed down through simple habits.

Eating protein-rich foods, managing stress, and sleeping well can make a big difference. Also, avoiding harsh chemicals and heat on hair helps protect the scalp. Remember, healthy hair starts with a healthy lifestyle.

In conclusion, hair loss is not just about appearance—it’s also connected to our physical and emotional health. By knowing its causes, recognizing symptoms early, and living a healthy lifestyle, we can reduce hair loss and feel more confident. Let’s all take care of our hair, because it’s an important part of who we are.

Thank you.

This disease became widely known when the famous boxer Muhammad Ali was diagnosed with it. Parkinson’s disease is a neurological disorder that affects movement. It occurs when the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, a region located in the midbrain, are gradually destroyed.

Parkinson’s disease shows a strong relationship with age. The incidence increases sharply after the age of 60, as brain cells become more vulnerable to degeneration.

In recent years, the number of patients has steadily increased. This is partly because modern diagnostic techniques allow doctors to detect the disease earlier, even in mild or early-stage cases that used to go unnoticed.

There is also a gender difference in the prevalence of Parkinson’s disease. More women are affected than men. One major reason is that women generally live longer, which increases the number of elderly women in the population. Another possible factor is the decrease in estrogen after menopause, which reduces the hormone’s natural protective effect on nerve cells.

Parkinson’s disease can be treated with a procedure called Deep Brain Stimulation, or DBS. In this method, electrodes are implanted in specific areas of the brain to deliver controlled electrical impulses. These impulses help regulate abnormal brain signals and improve motor function.

Because Parkinson’s disease is chronic and progressive, early diagnosis and preventive management are crucial. In addition, since treatment options like DBS are very expensive, it is important to strengthen health insurance systems to make therapy more accessible for patients.

Thank you for listening.

Roblox started as an educational software that let students experiment in ways they couldn’t in real classrooms.
Now, it has become a space where young creators design their own games, sell virtual items, and even run small digital businesses.

AI has made this process even easier.
New tools on Roblox allow users to build games through simple voice commands or automatically generated code.
Even teenagers with no programming experience can now develop games and share them worldwide.

A famous example is Jailbreak, created by Alex Balfanz when he was just 17 years old.
His game was played over three billion times and brought him enormous success.
It shows how AI and digital creativity can turn ideas into real economic value.

Through this, young people are not just playing—they are learning marketing, management, and entrepreneurship.
Roblox is becoming both a classroom and a marketplace for the next generation.

As AI continues to evolve, more teenagers will gain access to tools that let them build, create, and earn.
Perhaps the next generation of entrepreneurs won’t come from offices—but from inside a game.

Thank you

K-pop is causing the Korean Wave all over the world and attracting the attention of people all over the world. Today, we will talk about the impact of K-pop on the world.

First, K-pop influences global fans' cultural interests and daily lives. Many international fans learn Korean and sing along in the Korean language. Fans buy products by copying their favorite idols' clothes or items. They also collect products as a hobby. Fans communicate and share their affection for K-pop and idols through messenger apps such as Bubble and Fromm and SNS such as X. These activities show that K-pop affects fans' cultural experiences as well as their daily lives.

Second, K-pop has a huge impact on the Korean economy and the global entertainment industry. Fans all over the world earn huge profits by purchasing albums, concert tickets, and merchandise. Also, overseas fans who visit concerts and K-pop-related attractions also help revitalize the tourism industry.

Third, K-pop has become an image that people around the world think of when they think of Korea, and it is constantly influencing global culture and attracting worldwide attention. When the U.S. loved BLACKPINK, it wowed audiences by appearing in Lollapalooza, Germany. At the same time, tourists from all over the world visit Namsan and Jongno to find the scene of the movie 'K-Pop Demon Hunters.' In fact, the world's attention is now more focused on K-pop than ever.

In conclusion, K-pop affects, draws attention, and drives economic growth across the globe. It also clearly shows the power of K-pop to connect people of various nationalities and languages.

Western countries were once known as the factories of the world, with powerful industrial strength.

However, today, Western industries have almost completely declined.

During the pandemic, many Western nations could not even produce basic items like COVID test kits or masks.

That scene clearly showed the reality of Western manufacturing today.

So, how did the world’s factory become the Rust Belt?

"Today, I will talk about the rapid growth of financial capital in the United States and how it has led to the decline of the real economy.

In this presentation, I will explain how financial capital expanded quickly during the 20th century and how this expansion led to the decline of real industry.

First, let’s look at the rapid growth of financial markets in the 20th century.

After World War II, the U.S. economy entered an era of financial-centered growth.

Stocks, bonds, and complex financial products began to bring huge profits, while manufacturing and production gradually lost investors’ interest.

If you look at this graph, you can see how the size of the U.S. financial market expanded explosively during the 20th century.

Especially after the 1980s, with deregulation and globalization, finance stopped being a tool that supported industry.

It became an independent power that sought profits for itself.

Second, let’s talk about the negative effects of financial dominance on industry.

As investors chased short-term profits, capital moved away from factories and workers into speculative markets.

As a result, many companies preferred stock buybacks or mergers to gain quick profits, instead of making long-term industrial investments.

This chart shows the share of manufacturing in the U.S. GDP in 1960, 1990, and 2020.

In 1960, manufacturing made up about 30% of GDP, but by 2020, it had fallen below 11%.

While financial profits soared, the foundation of the real economy was collapsing.

Finally, I want to emphasize the importance of protecting industrial capital.

A country that neglects its industrial base becomes weak—not only economically, but also socially.

Manufacturing provides stable jobs, technological innovation, and national resilience.

Therefore, the financial system should not replace industry, but rather support it.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the decline of Western industry was not just caused by the rise of Asia.

It was also the result of prioritizing finance over production.

When money only makes more money, society loses its ability to make real things.

To build a sustainable economy, we must restore the balance between finance and industry—so that capital once again supports the creation of real value.

Thank you for listening.

#구조

Opening:

Thesis statement:

Body

Topic sentence 1:

시각자료 1:

Topic sentence 2:

시각자료 2:

Topic sentence 3:

시각자료 3:

Conclusion:

----------

#아래 글의 구조를 지켜서 3분 길이의 영어 스피치대본을 적어

#구조

Opening:

Thesis statement: 나의 대 주제문(세계의 놀라운 축제 3가지를 소개하고 그 기원과 의미를 설명하겠다 )

Body

Topic sentence 1. 본문 첫 문단 중심문장(스페인의 라 토마티나) 

시각자료 1.

Topic sentence 2.본문 두번째 문단 중심문장 (브라질의 리우 카니발) 

시각자료 2.

Topic sentence 3. 본문 세번째 문단 중심문장 (멕시코 죽음의 축제) 

시각자료 3.

Conclusion:

Do you know the country called Cambodia? Cambodia is one of the Southeast Asian nations that has recently become controversial due to various transnational crimes, including reports of kidnappings of Korean citizens. Today, I will talk about the main types of crimes that occur in Cambodia and suggest ways to prevent them.

 First, human trafficking: victims are recruited or forced into sexual exploitation, forced labor, or criminal activities. Large numbers of people — both Cambodians and foreigners — have been exploited inside and outside the country. 

Second, smuggling and illicit trade: Cambodia is a transit point for wildlife trafficking, timber, and other contraband that are transported across borders by organized networks. These smuggling routes feed regional criminal markets. 

Third, cyber-enabled crime and scam compounds: since the COVID-19 pandemic, many former casinos and hotels have been repurposed as large “scam compounds” where people are coerced to run online fraud, causing huge financial and human-rights harms. 

There are a few key reasons: economic hardship and poverty that make people vulnerable to false job offers; weak regulation or uneven law enforcement that allows scam compounds to grow; and the rapid spread of online platforms that organised criminals exploit across borders. These factors combined after the pandemic to create new opportunities for organized crime.

To prevent the crimes I described, we need practical steps: first, raise public awareness — teach people how to spot recruitment scams and false job ads. Second, check official travel and work channels and never accept suspicious overseas job offers without verification. Third, report suspicious recruiters or websites to authorities immediately. Fourth, strengthen international police cooperation and support victim rescue and rehabilitation programs. Finally, financial institutions and platforms should block and trace scam money quickly. 

 I would like to talk about which continent Türkiye belongs to based on the current standard.

1.   Türkiye’s Relationship with Europe

Türkiye’s attempt to join the European Union failed because it rejected the membership requirements, such as the Kurdish issue, human rights, and democracy.Also

Conservative forces in Europe regard Türkiye as part of Asia.And

Türkiye tries to distance itself from the EU, considering the disadvantages of joining, such as the acceptance of refugees.

 2.   Türkiye’s Relationship with Asia

 Türkiye’s politics are trying to move away from Europe.and

 The country’s conservative Islamic and nationalist sentiments are growing, leading it to seek closer ties with Asia.besides

Türkiye’s relationship with Asian countries has become more complex than its relationship with Europe.

surprisingly

Morocco’s attempt to join the European Union was rejected because it is an African country.Although Israel is located in Asia, it has joined many European organizations, such as the UEFA (Union of European Football Associations), councils, and institutions.

 based on today’s perspective rather than the past, we can say that Türkiye belongs to the Asian side.There is a memorable saying.

Are you Europe or Asia?” — a question often asked in travel stories and articles.

First, let’s talk about baking. Baking refers to making all kinds of bread that go through a fermentation process. In baking, yeast is used to help the dough rise. Most baked goods are meant to be eaten as main food, not as dessert. They contain less sugar, and the flour used is made from hard wheat, known as strong flour. This type of flour gives bread its chewy and firm texture.

Next, let’s learn about pastry making. Pastry making does not use yeast. Instead, it includes a wide range of desserts such as cakes, cookies, and tarts, made with sugar, butter, and eggs. Unlike bread, pastries are not fermented, and they use a lot more sugar. The flour used is made from soft wheat, called weak flour, which gives desserts a light and delicate texture—perfect for sweet treats.

Now, why are both baking and pastry making important?
Baking provides us with staple foods that we can enjoy daily—it fills our stomachs. Pastry making, on the other hand, is more like an art. It satisfies not only our taste but also our eyes through beautiful shapes and decorations. Both bring happiness and comfort to people, which is why baking and pastry making are equally valuable in our lives.

In conclusion, the biggest difference between baking and pastry making is the use of yeast.
Baking uses yeast and focuses on bread as a staple food, while pastry making does not use yeast and focuses on sweet, artistic desserts.
Both require skill, passion, and creativity—and both make our world a little more delicious.

Today, from 2025 to 2045, let's talk about how the number of jobs will change over about 20 years.

First, if you look at the graph, you can see that the number of jobs is steadily decreasing at the beginning.

This period, that is, from 2025 to 2033, is a time when automation and artificial intelligence introduction are rapidly progressing.

In particular, simple repetitive labor or simple tasks that humans do not have to do are quickly replaced by robots and algorithms.

So the overall number of jobs is decreasing, and technological unemployment is a big issue in society as well.

But if you look at the middle part of the graph, between about 2034 and 2036, there's a point where the curve bounces back up.

This is the turning point in AI's transition from being eliminated to being creating new jobs.

For example, a person who manages AI systems, a data ethics expert, a creator who collaborates with artificial intelligence

As new jobs emerge, the total number of jobs begins to recover.

By 2035, AI-related jobs will exceed existing job losses,

In other words, the 'AI-driven job creation overtake automation losses' section shown in the graph appears.

Then as we enter the 2040s, the graph shows a moderate uptrend.

This means that there are fewer simple labor jobs, but more advanced jobs working with AI.

Human roles shift away from simple producers to centered on human capabilities such as creativity, judgment, and emotional communication.

Eventually, the total number of jobs is restored, but the personality is completely different.

in conclusion,

The change from 2025 to 2045 is not the 'end of jobs' but the 'evolution of jobs'**.

There are jobs that are reduced by automation,

A new balance is formed as AI creates new industries and roles.

So what we need to prepare for is not just a job competition,

The ability to work with AI, and continuous retraining.

The people and society who adapt to these changes will lead the next 20 years.

Thank you.

In this presentation, I will talk about how AI is used in education in three ways — writing, learning analysis, and data-based learning.

First, AI helps students when they write.It can fix grammar mistakes and suggest better words or sentences.For example, ChatGPTand Grammarlyhelp students write better essays and use more natural English.

Second, AI can grade tests and check learning patterns.This means teachers can see what students are good at and what they need to study more.AI helps teachers save time and give better help to their students.

Third, AI recommends study materials that fit each student’s level.For example, Khan Academyuses AI to give the next lesson based on how fast or well a student learns.This helps students study at their own speed and understand better.

In conclusion, AI is making education smarter and more personal.It helps students write better, helps teachers understand their students, and gives the right materials to each learner.In the future, AI will help students learn more easily and make education more effective.

Thank you for listening.

자료출처 : 구글이미지

Good morning, everyone.

Have you ever imagined seeing someone collapse from cardiac arrest right in front of you?

In that moment, every second counts. The difference between life and death often depends on one thing — whether CPR is performed or not.

Thesis statement:

Today, I will talk about how survival rates change depending on CPR — focusing on three aspects: who performs CPR, how quickly it is started, and the importance of CPR training.

Topic Sentence 1: The difference in survival rates between CPR performed by bystanders and by medical professionals

First, let’s look at the difference between CPR performed by ordinary people and CPR performed by professionals.

According to research from the American Heart Association, patients who receive CPR from bystanders have a 2 to 3 times higher chance of survival than those who receive no CPR at all.

However, when professionals arrive and continue advanced CPR, the survival rate increases even more.

This shows that even basic CPR performed by anyone before professionals arrive can make a huge difference.

Topic Sentence 2: The relationship between the “golden time” and survival rates
Second, the timing of CPR is crucial.
There is something called the “golden time,” which means the first 4 minutes after cardiac arrest.
If CPR starts within these 4 minutes, the survival rate can reach up to 50%.
But if delayed beyond 10 minutes, it drops below 10%.
So, every second truly matters in saving a life.

Topic Sentence 3: The effect of CPR education and training

Lastly, CPR education and training greatly improve people’s ability to respond in emergencies.

Studies show that after completing a CPR training course, people are more confident and 60% more likely to perform CPR when needed.

Schools, workplaces, and public institutions should therefore continue providing regular CPR education.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, CPR truly makes a difference depending on who performs it, when it’s started, and how well people are trained.

Even simple chest compressions done by bystanders can double or triple someone’s chance of survival.

So, I hope all of us learn CPR and remember: our hands can save lives.

Thank you.

시각자료: 그래프(통계청)

슬라이드에 자료 출처 적혀있습니다.

Western countries were once known as the factories of the world, with powerful industrial strength.

However, today, Western industries have almost completely declined.

During the pandemic, many Western nations could not even produce basic items like COVID test kits or masks.

That scene clearly showed the reality of Western manufacturing today.

So, how did the world’s factory become the Rust Belt?

"Today, I will talk about the rapid growth of financial capital in the United States and how it has led to the decline of the real economy.

First, let’s look at the rapid growth of financial markets in the 20th century.

After World War II, the U.S. economy entered an era of financial-centered growth.

Stocks, bonds, and complex financial products began to bring huge profits, while manufacturing and production gradually lost investors’ interest.

If you look at this graph, you can see how the size of the U.S. financial market expanded explosively during the 20th century.

Especially after the 1980s, with deregulation and globalization, finance stopped being a tool that supported industry.

It became an independent power that sought profits for itself.

Second, let’s talk about the negative effects of financial dominance on industry.

As investors chased short-term profits, capital moved away from factories and workers into speculative markets.

As a result, many companies preferred stock buybacks or mergers to gain quick profits, instead of making long-term industrial investments.

This chart shows the share of manufacturing in the U.S. GDP in 1960, 1990, and 2020.

In 1960, manufacturing made up about 30% of GDP, but by 2020, it had fallen below 11%.

While financial profits soared, the foundation of the real economy was collapsing.

Finally, I want to emphasize the importance of protecting industrial capital.

A country that neglects its industrial base becomes weak economically.

When money only makes more money, society loses its ability to make real things.

To build a sustainable economy, we must restore the balance between finance and industry—so that capital once again supports the creation of real value.

Thank you for listening.

We usually get confused about whether Türkiye belongs to Europe or Asia, and we cannot clearly distinguish between the two.So

I would like to talk about which continent Türkiye belongs to based on the current standard.

Thesis statement:

Body

Topic sentence1:

Türkiye’s Relationship with Europe

Türkiye’s attempt to join the European Union failed because it rejected the membership requirements, such as the Kurdish issue, human rights, and democracy.Also

Conservative forces in Europe regard Türkiye as part of Asia.And

Türkiye tries to distance itself from the EU, considering the disadvantages of joining, such as the acceptance of refugees.

https://share.google/images/ntQBGYq2R9aO3OKdH

Topic sentence2:

Türkiye’s Relationship with Asia

Türkiye’s politics are trying to move away from Europe.and

The country’s conservative Islamic and nationalist sentiments are growing, leading it to seek closer ties with Asia.besides

Türkiye’s relationship with Asian countries has become more complex than its relationship with Europe.

surprisingly

https://share.google/images/JkLacRi8TI6n5iUXm

Topic sentence3:

Morocco’s attempt to join the European Union was rejected because it is an African country.Although Israel is located in Asia, it has joined many European organizations, such as the UEFA (Union of European Football Associations), councils, and institutions.

https://share.google/images/Sz1C18Q29F2tO16e1

https://share.google/images/kIjjcV34D1fKEOEgN

Conclusion:

based on today’s perspective rather than the past, we can say that Türkiye belongs to the Asian side.There is a memorable saying.

Are you Europe or Asia?” — a question often asked in travel stories and articles.

https://share.google/images/j1GnuzvPoWygmtRf5

Good morning, everyone.

Have you ever imagined seeing someone collapse from cardiac arrest right in front of you?

In that moment, every second counts. The difference between life and death often depends on one thing — whether CPR is performed or not.

Thesis statement:

Today, I will talk about how survival rates change depending on CPR — focusing on three aspects: who performs CPR, how quickly it is started, and the importance of CPR training.

Topic Sentence 1: The difference in survival rates between CPR performed by bystanders and by medical professionals

First, let’s look at the difference between CPR performed by ordinary people and CPR performed by professionals.

According to research from the American Heart Association, patients who receive CPR from bystanders have a 2 to 3 times higher chance of survival than those who receive no CPR at all.

However, when professionals arrive and continue advanced CPR, the survival rate increases even more.

This shows that even basic CPR performed by anyone before professionals arrive can make a huge difference.

Topic Sentence 2: The relationship between the “golden time” and survival rates
Second, the timing of CPR is crucial.
There is something called the “golden time,” which means the first 4 minutes after cardiac arrest.
If CPR starts within these 4 minutes, the survival rate can reach up to 50%.
But if delayed beyond 10 minutes, it drops below 10%.
So, every second truly matters in saving a life.

Topic Sentence 3: The effect of CPR education and training

Lastly, CPR education and training greatly improve people’s ability to respond in emergencies.

Studies show that after completing a CPR training course, people are more confident and 60% more likely to perform CPR when needed.

Schools, workplaces, and public institutions should therefore continue providing regular CPR education.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, CPR truly makes a difference depending on who performs it, when it’s started, and how well people are trained.

Even simple chest compressions done by bystanders can double or triple someone’s chance of survival.

So, I hope all of us learn CPR and remember: our hands can save lives.

Thank you.

출처: GPT, 미국 심장 협회

Opening:

Good morning everyone.

In this presentation, I’ll explain a few situations riders should be careful about, and how to handle them safely.

Horses are sensitive animals, and their reactions can be quick — so riders need to understand their signs.

Thesis Statement:

I believe that knowing how to read a horse’s behavior can prevent accidents and build a stronger relationship between the rider and the horse.

Body

Topic Sentence 1:

First, if a horse pulls its ears back, it’s a sign that the horse is angry or may attack.

You should stay calm and keep a safe distance.

Visual Aid 1:

Show a picture of a horse with its ears back to help others recognize this sign.

Topic Sentence 2:

Second, if a horse keeps moving its ears, it shows that the horse is nervous or easily scared.

In that case, you should stay calm and gentle to help the horse relax.

Visual Aid 2:

Use a short video or image showing a horse’s ears moving around in different directions.

Topic Sentence 3:

Finally, if your horse’s breathing sounds heavier than usual or its snorting becomes stronger, it’s a sign of tension or stress.

When this happens, try to slow down, speak softly, and let the horse rest.

Visual Aid 3:

Show a chart comparing normal and tense horse breathing patterns.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, riders must always pay attention to their horse’s small signals — ears, breathing, and behavior.

By noticing these signs early, we can stay safe and make riding more enjoyable for both the horse and the rider.

Thank you for listening.

Would you like me to make this into a Google Docs file for you (so you can copy or share it directly)?

도입

1 .As the world races towards a sustainable future, is south korea doing enough to keep up?

This question is especially relevant as the current government pushes for a transition to renewable energy in response to global climate changes.

2. To better understand this issue, let’s take a look at the policies of the ruling and opposition parties.

As shown in this chart, both parties plan to expand the use of renewable energy, although their methods and priorities are slightly different.

3. While the current government has made strides in promoting renewable energy, more aggressive policies and faster implementation are necessary to meet south korea’s climate goals.

4. As the world strives for a sustainable future, South Korea’s current government has introduced several policies to promote renewable energy. The administration’s main initiative, the “Carbon Neutrality 2050” roadmap, focuses on expanding the use of solar, wind, and hydrogen power. This plan aims to increase the share of renewable energy in the national energy mix while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The government has also committed to investing in green infrastructure and supporting technological innovation to meet international climate standards.

5.Next, let’s look at this chart showing the share of energy sources in 2020, 2030, and 2050.

6. As we can see, fossil fuels still made up the largest portion in 2020 and 2030.

However, by 2050, the share of renewable energy is expected to increase significantly, while dependence on fossil fuels will decrease.

This shows South Korea’s strong commitment to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.

7. Despite these ambitious goals, South Korea faces multiple challenges in putting these policies into action. The country still relies heavily on fossil fuels and nuclear energy, which makes a quick transition difficult. There is also limited land available for large-scale renewable projects, and local resistance often delays new installations. Furthermore, the pace of renewable energy investment and infrastructure development remains slower than in other advanced nations. Without stronger incentives, efficient regulations, and consistent political will, the country may struggle to reach its renewable energy targets.

8. Now, let’s look at this chart comparing South Korea’s renewable energy share with the OECD average and Korea’s 2050 target.

As you can see, Korea’s current renewable energy share is much lower than the OECD average.

Because of this large gap, it’s uncertain whether Korea can realistically achieve its 2050 renewable energy goal without stronger action and investment.

9.  In my opinion, South Korea needs to take stronger and faster action to achieve its sustainability goals. The government should increase financial support for renewable energy companies, simplify approval procedures, and promote public education about the importance of clean energy. Citizens and private industries must also take part by adopting energy-saving habits and supporting green initiatives. With stronger cooperation among the government, businesses, and the public, South Korea can build a more sustainable and competitive energy future.

The current government has set ambitious goals for renewable energy, but overcoming implementation challenges with stronger policies and public support is essential to ensure south korea’s sustainable energy future.

It is up to all of us, citizens, companies, and governments alike, to support and accelerate south korea’s renewable energy transition for a healthier planet.

relevant: 관련된

transition: 전이

promote: 촉진하다

implementation: 실행

strives: 노력

administration: 행정부, 정부

initiative: 계획

Neutrality: 중립성

national: 국가의

committed: 헌신적인

infrastructure: 사회 기반 시설 

innovation: 혁신

multiple: 복합적인

installations: 설치물

regulations: 규정

consistent: 일관된

political: 정치적인

sustainability: 지속 가능성

simplify: 단순화

approval: 승인

procedures: 절차

alike: 서로 같은

accelerate: 가속하다

significantly: 상당히

realistically: 현실적으로.

ruling:집권중인

commitment: 헌신, 약속

주제

In my opinion, the current government’s focus on eco-friendly energy is a crucial and positive step toward a sustainable future. However, it should also address practical issues such as energy stability and economic costs.

B. Body

(1) 정부의 주요 정책 내용과 목표 설명

The current government has announced several policies to expand renewable energy and reduce carbon emissions. It aims to increase the use of solar, wind, and hydrogen power while reducing dependence on coal and nuclear energy. The government also plans to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 through technological innovation and public participation. In addition, it supports research and investment in electric vehicles, smart grids, and green industries to create a cleaner and more efficient energy system for the future.

(2) 정책의 장점, 필요성, 긍정적 기대효과

The government’s eco-friendly energy policy offers many important benefits. First, it can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, helping South Korea fight climate change and protect the environment. Second, by promoting renewable energy and green technologies, the policy encourages the growth of new industries and creates job opportunities, strengthening the economy. Third, developing sustainable energy systems can improve public health by reducing pollution and lessen South Korea’s dependence on imported fossil fuels. Overall, this policy is essential for a cleaner, safer, and more sustainable future.

(3) 현실적 문제점과 개선 방향 제시

However, several challenges remain. Transitioning to renewable energy requires high costs and long-term investments, which can be burdensome for both the government and citizens. Some people are concerned about the stability of the power supply, especially when weather conditions affect solar or wind energy production. In addition, workers in traditional energy industries may lose their jobs, creating social and economic issues. Therefore, the government should carefully plan the transition, provide support for affected workers, and educate the public about the importance of energy conservation.

C. Conclusion

1. 요약이나 리뷰(개관)

In conclusion, I believe the current government’s eco-friendly energy policy is an important step toward a cleaner and more sustainable future for South Korea. Although economic and technical challenges exist, I think that with continuous innovation, social cooperation, and careful planning, this policy can achieve meaningful results.

2. 행동 촉구 및 인상적인 발언

Now is the time for action, not just discussion. The government, industries, and individuals all have a responsibility to protect our planet. Every small effort contributes to a better future for the next generation.