https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj Development of Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy en-us 2016-07-13 00:13:22 UTC 2025-09-30 13:35:42 UTC hello@padlet.com chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116312680 Sigmund Freud laid down the ground work for psychotherapy. Freud established the first force of psychotherapy known as psychodynamic.
Psychodynamic looks into past experiences and the unconscious mind as the source of a person's present emotional difficulties. By emphasizing the unconscious processes and long-term treatment, it paved the way for the creation of a solid foundation for the field of psychotherapy. However, Freud's psychodynamic approach showed limitations.]]> 2016-07-13 01:39:12 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116312680 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116313260 Theories B. F. Skinner, Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, William Glasser, and Donald Meichenbaum findings and practices led to the emergence of the second force known as behavioral and cognitive theories and interventions. Due to research and the practices of these theories throughout the years cognitive approaches gained more attention and support in the 1990s. Cognitive and behavioral treatment emphasizes the influence of thoughts and actions on emotions. Interventions focus on the present and seek to diminish dysfunctional cognitions and behaviors. These interventions work to replace negative behaviors with positive thoughts and actions. 
Theories used classical conditioning, token economy, rational emotive behavior therapy, and cognitive-behavioral.]]> 2016-07-13 01:49:58 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116313260 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116368760 Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic view of the conscious and unconscious mind. ]]> 2016-07-13 22:10:38 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116368760 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116368865 2016-07-13 22:15:24 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116368865 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369638 2016-07-13 22:44:44 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369638 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369706 B. F. Skinner]]> 2016-07-13 22:47:13 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369706 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369772 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy]]> 2016-07-13 22:48:34 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369772 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369796 2016-07-13 22:49:23 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369796 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369896 Aaron Beck]]> 2016-07-13 22:52:16 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369896 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369956 2016-07-13 22:55:02 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369956 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369967 Carl Rogers's work emerged in the 1960s and led to the development of the third force known as existential-humanistic. Fritz Perls, Viktor Frankl, and other theorists emphasized the importance of emotions and sensations. In addition, treatment encourages clients to take charge of their emotions and find meaning in their life. Due to the use of these approaches it drew attention to the importance of therapeutic alliance. 
This psychotherapy uses person-centered, self actualization, existentialism, and gestalt therapy.]]> 2016-07-13 22:55:29 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116369967 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116370952 2016-07-13 23:23:38 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116370952 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116371220 Elements of the first, second, and third force treatment approaches have accumulated into a comprehensive and holistic effort to fully understand people as much as possible. Clinicians' awareness and understanding has to be centered on the client's individual identity, such as their gender, culture, age, race, and sexual orientation. In addition, clinicians' also have to facilitate development of positive therapeutic relationships and effective treatment plans. Therefore, it is important to be culturally competent, an ally with clients, and open to clients' multiple perspectives of themselves and their world. Networking and collaboration with other professionals, providers of community resources, and other important people within a client's life are necessary connections a counselors has to make in order to create and provide beneficial treatment. 
The 21st century has created many new approaches for psychotherapy. Narrative therapy, dialectics, and therapies that incorporate Eastern thought and philosophy have provided new ways to better understand other's experiences and to also empower them to take an active role in changing their emotions, perceptions, and behaviors. ]]> 2016-07-13 23:30:29 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116371220 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372071 Carl Rogers]]> 2016-07-13 23:51:06 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372071 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372241 2016-07-13 23:54:17 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372241 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372457 2016-07-13 23:57:12 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372457 chebra_o https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372539 2016-07-13 23:58:45 UTC https://padlet.com/chebra_o/aub4e6x28mjj/wish/116372539