https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7 en-us 2022-03-24 15:54:54 UTC 2025-11-24 16:59:29 UTC hello@padlet.com 25sakodak https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131363217 As an apprentice to her father, Miram developed her skills as an astrolabe maker ]]> 2022-04-05 19:41:14 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131363217 25sakodak https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131364026 Al Astrlabi's astrolabes were recognized after her discovery of the main astroid belt 7060 Al-ljliyye. Her notoriety caught the attention of Pope Sylvester II, who introduced her works to the region which allowed it to integrate into teaching.]]> 2022-04-05 19:41:53 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131364026 25dolottad https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131365681 An important center for knowledge and commerce, Basra was founded in 638 by the Caliph Omar. Located on the Persian Gulf, the city was home to over 100,000 water channels and was crucial in Indian Ocean trade and connecting the empire to the east. In terms of knowledge, Arabic grammar was born here, as well as the honorable Ibn al-Haytham.]]> 2022-04-05 19:42:53 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131365681 25pirnazarj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131370049 Abul Qasim Al Zahrawi was born in modern day Córdoba, Spain in the year 636 C.E. Córdoba Spain is significant to the golden era because it was the capital of Moorish Spain, and it functioned as a strong central hub to the rest of the world as it contained 70 libraries, 700 mosques, 3,000 public baths.]]> 2022-04-05 19:46:15 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131370049 25dolottad https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131379424 The main residence of Ibn al-Haytham, Cairo grew to be the regional center of Islam in Africa and is known for its beautiful display of Islamic architecture. Originally invited to Egypt by the "mad" Caliph al-Hakim to regulate the Nile River, al-Haytham had to confess his inability to engineer such a project. The city was also an important economic center and served as an important stop on the route to Mecca for Muslims seeking to complete the hajj, or pilgrimage.]]> 2022-04-05 19:53:01 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131379424 25zhuj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131382386 Born in the 10th century in Syria, Mariam al-Ijliya, also known as Mariam al-Astrolabi, was one of the first woman engineers and was, in fact, the only female astronomer in ancient Islam. Inspired by her father, a famous astrolabe maker in Baghdad, Mariam crafted astrolabes that use the sun and stars to tell the position in latitude and the local time. ]]> 2022-04-05 19:55:04 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131382386 25asgharni1 https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131382401 Abul Qasim Al Zahwari was a surgeon of Andalusia, whose discoveries in the medical field helped shaped the Middle East and Europe. Andalusia was a prominent hub that promoted social and cultural exchanges. In Andalusia, arts, science, architecture, medicine, and math strived.]]> 2022-04-05 19:55:05 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131382401 25sakodak https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131392341 The astrolabe were utilized in order to schedule daily prayers (salat) and accurately locate Mecca based on the alignment of the stars]]> 2022-04-05 20:02:44 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131392341 25dolottad https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131394884 Gerard of Cremona moved from Italy to Toledo to translate specific Arabic texts, including the Book of Optics by Ibn al-Haytham. Al-Haytham's work on optics was characterized by an emphasis on carefully designed experiments to test his theories and hypotheses. Some of the physicist's findings are that vision takes place when a light is reflected into or enters the eye, discovered through his use of the scientific method.]]> 2022-04-05 20:04:49 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131394884 25zhuj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131404306 Mariam's astrolabe was soon very well developed in the Islamic Empire. It was first introduced to Europe from Islamic Spain, or Andalusia, in the early 12th century. It was the most popular astronomical instrument until about 1650.]]> 2022-04-05 20:12:00 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131404306 25asgharni1 https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131406783 Gerard of Cremona, born in Cremona, Italy, was a European medieval scholar who translated Abul Qasim Al Zahwari's 30 volume encyclopedia of medical practices into Latin. ]]> 2022-04-05 20:13:55 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131406783 25dolottad https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131410296 In Paris in 1572, Risner, a German mathematician from Hesse and the first chair of mathematics at College Royal de France, printed and published Arabic texts, including the Book of Optics. Later on, the book influenced the works of Bacon, Da Vinci, Descartes, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton. On the other hand, this area was significant to the Golden Age of Islam because it spread Arabic knowledge and literature to the western world, widening the grip of the empire.]]> 2022-04-05 20:16:48 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131410296 25alalid https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131415720 Fatima al Fihri was born in the city of Kairouan, which is a part of modern-day Tunisia. She was born to a wealthy merchant family who valued education, even for both her and her sister. Fatima and her sister Mariam were schooled, and very religious. Her family moved to Fez, Morocco, in the early ninth century along with many others. At the time, Fez was a very metropolitan, popular, and populated city. After her father died, she and her sister inherited his fortune, and they decided to use it to make something for the community. In 859 CE, Fatima Al-Fihri thought a place for higher education was needed so, she built the Al-Qarawiyy, the oldest university in the world, and her sister built a mosque. The University's name, Al-Qarawiyyin (also known as Al-Karaouine) was named after the city of her birth. 

]]> 2022-04-05 20:20:58 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131415720 25dolottad https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131416973 Gerard of Cremona left Italy because of the poor techniques of his teachers.]]> 2022-04-05 20:22:01 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131416973 25alalid https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131417041 Fatima al Fihri founded the university in 859 CE. The project was funded by the money left behind by her father. The university contains one of the oldest libraries worldwide. She founded the concept of certificating education. The university’s education offers classical Arabic grammar/linguistics, but also offers classical French and English. Teaching is in a semi-circle around one of the Sheikh’s at the university. Many students from places such as Morocco, Islamic west-Africa, and even part of Central Asia come to attend this school. The age range of the students is around 13-30 years old, making it have a very large age gap. Despite the university being founded in the 9th century, it has undergone many changes, resulting in the university there is today, these changes have been occurring for over 1000 years.

]]> 2022-04-05 20:22:05 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131417041 25haworthj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131419559 The location Pope Sylvester II ( or Gerber ) studied in his youth. Barcelona is significant because of the mathematical treatises Pope Sylvester II requested about the astrolabe, the astrolabe is a small model of the universe. Barcelona partly had the spread of Indo-Arabic numerals because of Pope Sylvester II and his knowledge gained from the University of Qarawiyyin and Fatima al Fihri. Rome was also a key place in the spread of Indo-Arabic numerals, eventually leading to all of Europe.]]> 2022-04-05 20:24:03 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131419559 25alalid https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131420300 Where Gerbert of Aurillac was born. Reintroduced Europe to Arabic and Greco-Roman arthimatics, astronomy, and introduced Europe to the decimal Arabic numeral system.

]]> 2022-04-05 20:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131420300 25pirnazarj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131421802 Toledo, Spain is where Gerrard of Cremona translated many important texts from Arabic to Latin following his emigration from Italy to Spain. He later died here. This location is very significant and directly linked to the "enlightenment" of Europe, which lead into the period of European expansion during the 16th century. ]]> 2022-04-05 20:25:55 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2131421802 25gabriela https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135010201 After his release, he went to Isfahan. He spent his final years serving its ruler Emir Ala al-Dawlah. It was the cultural heart of the eastern Islamic world in terms of persian language, art, and architecture. It is located in central Iran.

]]> 2022-04-07 17:15:45 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135010201 25gabriela https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135017775 Located on the silk road which made it an important trade port, Ibn Sina moved there and saved, then attended to ruler Prince Emir Shams al-Dawlah. Eventually, ending up in prison, Ibn Sina wrote many books there. He also died in Hamadan from colic.]]> 2022-04-07 17:20:17 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135017775 25pirnazarj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135023218 Abul Qasim Al Zahrawi had his famous encyclopedia approved by a man named Galen. Galen was a Greek physician, writer, and philosopher with strong knowledge regarding medicine. He was born in Pergamon, Turkey, which during the Hellenistic period, was a large cultural center, and it maintained its status into the Islamic golden era as a city with a deep cultural history. ]]> 2022-04-07 17:23:23 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135023218 25shahd2 https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135027653 Ibn Sina was born in a small village in Bukhara. He also received his education in Bukhara as well. Ibn Sina took his studies very seriously and eventually memorized the entirety of the Quran at the age of 10. He very quickly surpassed his teacher in knowledge and had to move on to deep individual studies. He decided to deeply analyze and study the Hellenistic authors all on his own. When Ibn Sina was 16 years old he decided to turn his life and studies toward the field of medicine. Additionally, he claimed that one of the reasons he turned toward medicine was because it was easy to master. One day the sultan of Bukhara became very ill with a illness that none of the court officials were able to help cure. Ibn Sina was thus called to his bedside in an effort to help aid the sultan. Ibn Sina was eventually able to fully cure the sultan. As a result the Sultan of Bukhara gave Ibn Sina access to the royal Samanid library. This is where Ibn Sina was able to further and augment his medical studies leading him to become a well-known physician. This library introduced Ibn Sina to a whole new world of science and philosophy that made it possible for him to develop and learn his own studies and books. ]]> 2022-04-07 17:25:42 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135027653 25gabriela https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135028131 Greece was on the mediterranean which meant that it was an important trade port. This promoted the ideas and spread of knowledge from the classical to muslim worlds. The ideas of ancient greek medicine and Avicenna's Canon was mixed and the new ideas formed what is known as Unani medicine which is still used today.]]> 2022-04-07 17:25:59 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135028131 25gabriela https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135038575 Islam brought to India a conception of human equality, pride in one's religion, a legal system which was in many ways an advance on the codes of the time Hindu rulers were influenced to work as the upholders of Hindu religion. The Silk road brought these ideas of the Muslim faith and along with it the ideas of Unani medicine and Ibn Sina's Canon of Medicine. Many universities today are still using Unani medicine and the ideas have lived on.]]> 2022-04-07 17:32:23 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135038575 25shahd2 https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135047653 After the death of the sultan of Bukhara, and the defeat of the Samanid dynasty by the Turkish leader Mahmoud Ghaznawi, Ibn Sina decided to move to the city of Jerjan near the Caspian Sea. Here he lectured on the concepts of astronomy and philosophy. Ibn Sina also wrote the first draft of the book “Al Qanun fi al Tibb”, better known in the West as “Canon of Medicine” in Jerjan as well. It was this book that made Ibn Sina famous and the most prominent physician at the time. ]]> 2022-04-07 17:38:02 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135047653 25shahd2 https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135056093 After Jerjan, Ibn Sina decided to move to the city of Al-Rayy where he participated in additional medical practice. During his medical practice, Ibn Sina also authored an additional 30 books on medical practices. ]]> 2022-04-07 17:43:06 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2135056093 25zhuj https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2140055760 Baghdad, Iraq was where Mariam’s father was from. Mariam's father, Al- Ijliyy al-Asturlabi was a famous astrolabes maker in Baghdad. He was who led to Mariam’s interest in astronomy and who taught Mariam how to make astrolabes.

]]> 2022-04-12 01:11:08 UTC https://padlet.com/shirakik/au5f3fqpnybbotj7/wish/2140055760