: the use of data by transnational actors to advocate for their cause; consists of reactive efforts such as calling out issues of omitted, mishandled, disorganized, and illegible data and proactive efforts of producing data.

Ex. Counting Feminicide (D'Ignazio, 2024)

It is a Black feminist term defined in Ross' "Reproductive Justice as Intersectional Feminist Activism."

Reproductive justice is combining reproductive rights and social justice. (Ross, 2017). It also combines intersectionality, which was coined by Kimberle Crenshaw.

The boomerang pattern is a transnational activism strategy used by local networks to get in contact with international NGOs (a form of TANs). We discuss this concept from the Keck & Sikkank reading.

An example would be from the article where people from the U.S. are contacting Mexican abortion networks, aiming to receive self-medication alternatives to terminate their pregnancies.

: the use of social media for advocacy work across a transnational network. Involves rapid, affordable, and global dissemination of information to raise awareness, expand activist network, host events/protests, and more.

Ex. Ni Una Menos feminist movement, use of social media to call for International Women’s Strike in 2017. (Gago)

: visual productions or imagery of movements that represent collective desires, are easy to recognize, and are used transnationally. May arouse emotions, attention, and action among activists.

Ex. Green kerchief in Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile (Vacarezza)

: visual productions or imagery of movements that represent collective desires, are easy to recognize, and are used transnationally. May arouse emotions, attention, and action among activists.

Ex. Green kerchief in Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile (Vacarezza)

State actors are able to cultivate a structural support system, blurring the lines between national and state affairs depending on the issue they are advocating for. (Keck & Sikkink.)

Southern global networks --> Northern global NGOs --> Pressure placed on non-state actor (government)

Example: anti-abortion movement (pro-life) counters the pro-choice movement, World Congress of Families promotes traditional family values opposing feminist movements shifted away from these

Examples: The UN facilitates international relation norm building through treaty signings and holding conventions, international norms that oppose gender violence and the use of nuclear weapons

Norm can be defined as a set of principles of right actions that accepted by groups of members.

Norm internalization is to adopt, interpret and take actions to put it into practice, which comes part of the society and no longer contested.

Ex. Child labor (child human rights), reproductive rights.

Also, the topic of reproductive rights was new to me, and the class sessions provided time for me to think through and process some of the difficult questions regarding the issue. In all, this was an intellectually stimulating course.

As a phd student in public policy, i'm also very intrigued into how feminist issues has contributed to political/IR theories -- for scientific research and my own motivation -- cuz i hope there'll be more female researchers in the field!