Language items are presented to students in spoken form without reference to the mother tongue so that they can learn language skills effectively.

Mother tongue is discouraged in the classroom. The teacher uses only English and encourages students to communicate without using their mother tongue.

✅ oral - based aproach (teaching students in the use of grammatical patterns)

✅ Students learn through repetition, imitation

❌ no native language in the classroom

✳️mediator - lead the class make students participate

✳️monitor and correct the students' performance

✳️keep the attention of the students by varying the exercises and tasks (different types of drills)

✴️active participation - to participate actively during the learning process

✴️listening to the teacher - to follow the teacher's directions (and respond quickly)

✴️listen & speak - a high level of listening and speaking skills is expected (becouse they learn through listening as well as repetition and imitation the teacher's directions)

The teacher brakes down the line into several parts then the students repeat a part of the sentence

✓example - the teacher says a word and asks students to repeat after him - thy repeat it a few times,

e.g. sightseeing - - - go sightseeing - - - want to go sightseeing - - - - I want to go sightseeing

❇️Repetition drill

Students are asked to repeat the teacher’s model as accurately and as quickly as possible.

❇️Chain drill

The students form one-by-one conversation, ask and answer questions of each other

✓ The teacher asks the students to sit in the circle and starts by making a sentence or asking a questions - the next students is supposed to create a sentence (or answer the questions) and then the other students do the same , basing on the previous ones.

❇️Substitution drill (Multiple-Slot and Single-Slot)

A substitution drill is a classroom technique which involves the teacher first modelling a word or a sentence and the learners repeating it. The teacher then substitutes one or more key words and the learners say the new structure.

✓ e.g I go to the cinema (now) ---> I am going to the cinema.

✓ it can be also a sentence with a blank to practice specific grammar point,

e.g I can____ ---> I can ride a bike.

❇️Transformation drill

The students practice to change the sentence pattern ( for example they change active sentence into passive one).

✓ e.g He wrote five books ---> Five books were written by him.

❇️Question and answer drill

The students answer the teacher's questions, they should do it quickly. 

I also think that students really like creating their own sentences and using their imagination - for example if you use substitution drill, the students have chance to use their own ideas(even though it is told that it can be boring and you communicte less). If you often use the Audio Lingual method then te students are not afraid of speaking the target language because they know the basis.