Otto von Bismarck 1815 to 1898 Otto von

Bismarck was responsible for

transforming a collection of small

German states unifying them into the

German Empire and becoming its first

Chancellor his diplomacy of real politic

and powerful rule gained him the

nickname of the iron Chancellor Otto

Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born

into an aristocratic family at Shirin

Heusen northwest of Berlin on April 1st

1815 his father was a fifth-generation

junker and his mother came from a family

of successful academics and government

ministers Bismarck attended a

prestigious School in Berlin followed by

the University of getting him he then

entered the Prussian civil service but

was bored of this job and resigned in

1838 for almost a decade he assisted his

father in managing the family estates in

1847 he married Johanna von push comma

and was sent to Berlin as a delegate to

the new Prussian Parliament it was here

that he emerged as a reactionary voice

against the liberal anti autocratic

revolutions of 1848 from 1851 to 1862

Bismarck served as ambassador to Russia

and France when he returned to Prussia

he would be appointed prime minister by

Vilhelm the first who had become King of

Prussia in 1864 his mark began a series

of wars to establish Prussian power in

Europe with Austrian support he used the

Prussian army to capture the

german-speaking territories of schleswig

and holstein from Denmark afterwards he

provoked Emperor Franz Joseph the first

into starting the austro-prussian war in

1866 which ended in a Prussian victory

Russia then annexed further territory in

Germany next he would provoke

hostilities with France as a strategy to

unified Germany's loose Confederations

against an outside enemy this would be

called the franco-prussian war lasting

from 1870 to 1871 the French declared

war with the Prussians and their German

allies were victorious

the southern German states now agreed to

join the German Empire William the first

was crowned emperor of a unified Germany

and Bismarck was Chancellor Bismarck now

concentrated on building a powerful

state with a unified national identity

in the 1870s he pursued a culture calm

or cultural struggle against the

Catholic Church which he felt had too

much influence he did this by placing

parochial schools under state control

and expelling the Jesuits Bismarck aimed

to make the German Empire the most

powerful in Europe and in 1879 he

negotiated the dual alliance with

austria-hungary to counteract and check

the power of the now allied France and

Russia in the 1880s Bismarck worked on

ending the spread of socialism by

creating a welfare state establishing

national healthcare accident insurance

and old-age pensions in 1890 Bismarck

was dismissed by the new emperor wilhelm

ii after strongly disagreeing with him

he retired to his estate near hamburg

and died on July 30th 1898.

a decade of revolution from 1910 to 1920

the revolution resulted in a new

constitution much like many Latin

American countries of the late 19th

century Mexico was ruled by local

dictators known as qua Diaz one such

claudia was Porfirio Diaz he used force

against those who dissented with his

rule he kept firm control over Mexico

around 1900 so we look to modernize and

industrialize during his reign there was

a large gap between the rich and the

poor as foreign industrialists became

rich calling for a revolution against

Diaz Francisco Madero emerged as the

voice of the people

revolutionaries such as Pancho vo and

Emiliano Zapata looked to take money

from the rich and redistributed to the

poor dears agreed to give up power and

Maduro won an election in 1911 but

Madero was seen as an inefficient leader

was removed from power and later

assassinated from there Mexico went

through several presidents during years

of civil war including Victoriano Huerta

and Venustiano Carranza in 1917 a new

Mexican Constitution was adopted during

Carranza's reign it favored commoners

instead of the wealthy allowed the

government to seize private lands for

public interest gave rights to workers

and decrease the power of the Roman

Catholic Church in Mexico

Carranza believed the Constitution was

too radical he was assassinated as well

in 1920 though 1920 is used as an end

date for the revolution violence in

Mexico continued