https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv Made with a little mischief en-us 2017-02-09 14:41:57 UTC 2024-04-22 11:26:45 UTC hello@padlet.com lg1063462 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131154 1. Enzymes involved include Helicase, Topoismerase, Primase, DNA Polymerase, and Ligase. 

2. Sequence of Events:
The Helicase unzips the two strands by breaking down the hydrogen bonds. While this occurs the Topoismerase makes sure that it splits smoothly. On the leading strand the Primase starts it off to let the DNA Polymerase add the nucleotides to those bases. Ligase then fills in the gaps for the Okazaki fragments on lagging strand. 

3. New strands are assembled from 5' to 3' ALWAYS.

4. At the end of the leading strand there is a 3' carbon and at the end of the lagging strand there is a 5' carbon.

5. For the leading strand it continuously replicates through multiple generations or steps. For the lagging it is discontinuous because it has to start and then go again because it's in fragments.

6. Other unique characteristics include binding proteins that are located at the beginning of the split in the strands. Fun Fact that if you stretch out your DNA its two times the diameter of the solar system.]]> 2017-02-10 17:50:05 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131154 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131221 1. Leading+Lagging use: Helicase, Topoisomerase, Primase, DNA Polymerase. Ligase is only used in the lagging strand.
2. two strands of DNA are unzipped by helicase, topoisomerase prevents snapping where it bunches, primase starts an RNA chain that serves as a starting place for DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase attaches complementary nucleotides to the original strands (while proof-reading). Ligase then fills in gaps to seal Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand only.
3. New strands are ALWAYS assembled from 5' to 3'. (both leading and lagging strands)
4. The leading strand is exposed at 3' while the lagging strand is exposed at 5'. 
5. Lagging strand=discontinuous: Okazaki fragments are rejoined together by Ligase.
Leading strand=continuous.
6. DNA ligase seals off openings on the lagging strand by using high energy phosphodiester bonds in ATP or NAD. ]]> 2017-02-10 17:50:18 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131221 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131303 1. Enzymes involved: Helicase, Topoisomerase, Primase, DNA Polymerase, Ligase
2.  1. Helicase unwinds the parental double helix
      2. single strand binding proteins stabilize unpaired dna strands
      3. Topoisomerase unwinds the twists, relieving strain
      4. RNA is synthesized by primase 
       5. DnA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis
3. Antiparallel, 5' to 3'
4. Leading strand has a 3' carbon while lagging strand has a 5' carbon
5. the leading strand is continuously replicated, the lagging strand is discontinuously replicated
6. 

]]> 2017-02-10 17:50:40 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131303 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131372 2017-02-10 17:50:56 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131372 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131681 1. Ligase, Topoisomerase, Primase, DNA Polymerase, Helicase.

2. DNA strands are unzipped by Helicase. DNA molecule is helped by Topoisomerase which helps to reduce strain on the molecule by breaking, swiveling and rejoining DNA strands. Primase starts the RNA chain that serves as the starting place for DNA Polymerase to do its job. DNA Polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to the original strands of DNA. DNA ligase fills the gaps like a glue. 
    
3. New strands are always assembled 5' to 3'.

4. Exposed end at 5'. Leading end at 3'.

5. Lagging strand is discontinuous while the leading strand remains continuous.

6. ]]> 2017-02-10 17:52:08 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131681 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131799 (Lagging)
-Enzymes involved:  Helicase, Topoisomerase, Primase, DNA, Polymerase, Ligase.
-Sequence of Events: The helicase unwinds and continues to unzip the DNA molecule. Next the Primase attaches the primer to the carbon to allow the DNA polymerase to add nucleotides. The DNA polymerase keeps adding nucleotides as primers are attached. Since the DNA polymerase cannot join the final nucleotide of the replacement DNA segement to the first DNA nucleotide, the enzyme ligas helps join the sugar-phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments to create a continuous strand. 

 (Leading)
-Enzymes involved: Helicase, Topoisomerase, Primase, DNA polymerase.
-Sequence of Events: The helicase unzips and unwinds the DNA. The primase then creates the RNA primer which will match a specific strand that it is replicating. DNA polymerase will add complementary nucleotides.

Continuous replication.]]> 2017-02-10 17:52:32 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131799 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131851 1. Helicase, Topoisomerase, Primase, DNA Polymerase, for both and Ligase on the lagging strand
2. Helicase arrives and unwinds and unzips the helix, topoisomerase prevents the strands from getting wound too tightly or breaking. Primase makes a template for DNA polymerase. DNA polymersase attaches complimentary nucleotides, on the lagging strand the DNA polymerase must relocate. The Ligase comes through to fill in any gaps on the lagging strand.
3. 5' to 3'
4. Exposed end on leading side is 5', for lagging side it is 3' 
5. Continuous for the leading side, but discontinuous for the lagging
6. Requires RNA primer, Leading side is faster than lagging side, semi conservative ]]> 2017-02-10 17:52:48 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153131851 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153139079 2017-02-10 18:17:29 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153139079 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153139887 2017-02-10 18:20:09 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153139887 perkins2 https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153166572 Fabulous work, Block 3! I don't really have any other comments to make...all information is accurate and effectively organized. I especially like the Venn diagram and the fun fact at the veeerrrrrry bottom :)

]]> 2017-02-10 19:42:13 UTC https://padlet.com/perkins2/anbajwrtlmuv/wish/153166572