Ceausescu’s Regime by Kate Chan https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn en-us 2023-01-12 17:24:00 UTC 2023-01-19 14:54:25 UTC hello@padlet.com Bibliography kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2443856591
Agerpres. “Revolution 30: What Happened in Timisoara, over December 16-20, 1989.” AGERPRES. Accessed January 18, 2023. https://www.agerpres.ro/english/2019/12/16/revolution-30-what-happened-in-timisoara-over-december-16-20-1989--420878. 
Fischer , Mary Ellen. “Final Report T O National Council for Soviet and ... - Pitt to the World.” Nicolae Ceauşescu and the Romanian Political Leadership : Nationalization and Personalization of Power. Accessed January 19, 2023. https://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/1983-626-10-Fischer.pdf. 
Grigoras, Alina. “December 21, the Day When the Anti-Communist Revolution Began in Bucharest.” The Romania Journal, December 21, 2015. https://www.romaniajournal.ro/society-people/december-21-the-day-when-the-anti-communist-revolution-began-in-bucharest/. 
“Nicolae Ceaușescu.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Accessed January 18, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicolae-Ceausescu. 
Romania - the Ceausescu Succession. Accessed January 18, 2023. http://countrystudies.us/romania/30.htm. 
]]> 2023-01-13 17:22:53 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2443856591 1967 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2448544635 Nicolae Ceausescu has became president of the head of state as he replaced Chivu Stoica who died in early March 1965. Without secrecy, he began to work his plans against his rivals; strengthening the personal control Ceausescu gained over them from 1965. By the tenth part congress in 1969, Ceausescu controlled the Central Committee and had surrounded himself with loyal subordinates through the various party and government positions he had accumulated with his political strategies of policy compromise and ambiguity within the new collective leader ship, personal manipulation, moves towards institutionalization of the political process both party and state, and participatory reforms and populism with direct appeals for support to the Romanian masses through political mobilization techniques stressing participatory democracy and nationalism. This is significant because it is the start of Ceausescu’s power over the people of Romania where he is surrounded by loyal subordinates who will support his national communist ideals. ]]> 2023-01-18 15:50:24 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2448544635 August 1969 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2448823829 The Tenth Party Congress in August 1969 signalled Ceausescu’s final victory. Every speaker felt compelled to begin and end any remarks by praising the Party leader and many referred to him in almost every paragraph, crediting him with the great economic achievements after 1965. This is important because in the decade from 1969 to 1979 Ceausescu personally was the source of all policy initiatives in Romania. Caution, compromise, and collective leadership had disappeared . Other political techniques changed as well . The promotion of his clients within the Party apparatus turned into a circulation of officials.

]]> 2023-01-18 18:52:19 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2448823829 1979 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449001058 An economic crises happened in 1979. It first started from having shortage of their hard currency caused by structural imbalances in the international petroleum market. Romanians have also bought oil from the Soviet Union but of course had to pay in hard currency or something in equivalent. For only two years later, the self-sufficient Romanian economy became in debt to western banks, which is a debt cause by an unfavourable oil trade. This is important because it was like a domino effect that will soon fall down on Nicolae Ceausescu as Romanians then would live in poverty as he tries to pay back the Soviet Union with most of their money. ]]> 2023-01-18 21:28:30 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449001058 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449011541 The country of Romania has such rich soils, favourable climates and large agricultural labor forces which fed the population. Although by 1979, many unfortunate things such as bad weather and low productivity brought major shortfalls for internal and external markets. Ceausescu’s way of managing the problem was by depressing the domestic standard living. Prices of basic commodities skyrocketed in a year and peasant markets were no exception. The importance of this is how Romanians would view him at this point and how they feel about him being in power.

]]> 2023-01-18 21:41:17 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449011541 1981 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449013186 Since 1979, Ceausescu became harsher towards his nationalism close to being xenophobic. United States have also gave efforts towards influencing his human rights policies which was rejected firmly. For example, he mobilized Third World support for the new fees to be charged Romanian emigres for education received in Romania, increasing the participatory and populist rhetoric and dramatic gestures in domestic and foreign policy; as a way to enhance his populist image of national hero, his activities and those of his close colleagues have becoming more and more frenzied as visits and conferences multiplied at home and abroad. Making a stalemate situation in the early 1981]]> 2023-01-18 21:43:39 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449013186 1974 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449013953 In 1974, Ceausescu was elected as president. While following an independent policy in foreign relations, Ceausescu adhered  ever more closely to the communist orthodoxy of centralized administration at home. This is important because, even though he used to be the state president, before there was people that could chime in their opinion and have discussions about how they should move on forward with their country, but once he became president, there was no need for such things. ]]> 2023-01-18 21:44:37 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449013953 December 16, 1989 - December 20, 1989 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449117999 December 16, 1989 The Romanian Revolution started; It first took place with the Timisoara Revolution. There was a small protest against reformed priest Laszlo Tokes, the protest quickly became bigger. Students, workers, locals, many people joined a small protest that became a huge movement with hundreds of people chanting slogans of “Freedom” “Liberty” and singing “Wake Up, Romanian!”. But not too long after, the protestors were dealt with water cannons and teargas from the army and firefighters while arrests were also made. The next day, more people joined the move against Ceausescu. Factory workers went down the street while chanting anti Communist slogans, wanting Ceausescu to be taken down, and how the people of Romania should join them. Nicolae Ceausescu of course had to come up with a plan to stop them, he sent people from the State Security Department to help scatter the crowd which had ended with many people wounded and dead, whether you were a child, elderly, or a teenager. Although his plans failed in the end as the 20,000 men he had sent either joined the crowd or left to go home. ]]> 2023-01-19 00:38:42 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449117999 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449150878 On the same day, Ceausescu called a teleconference stating that they need to apply the law to anybody who refuses to answer to the call of the law enforcement bodies. Making all the factories and buildings heavily guarded. There were fire shots heard in Timisoara as street fights erupted between protesters and the army. Many protesters were waving Romanian flag with the communist emblem removed. With two days of failure to cease the revolt, the protestors have occupied the Opera Downtown Square in Timisoara. A day later, they have created the group called the Romanian Democratic Front, led by Lorin Fortuna, Ioan Chis,  and Claudiu Iordache, while intending to organize the resistance movement. On the 20th a presidential decree was issued where it hoped that Bucharest would condemn "the hooligan actions" of Timisoara.]]> 2023-01-19 01:18:58 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449150878 December 21, 1989 - December 22, 1989 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449228788 In a tv speech, Ceausescu talked about the protestors as enemies of the Socialist revolution while he called for an assembly in the Central Committee to ‘reinforce’ the population’s support for the party and state leadership. At some point, an explosion is heard, apparently caused by a group of Timisoara residents who had come to Bucharest, and the crowd starts fermenting. Ceausescu tries to calm it down while the Romanians began to melt away, throwing the flags and the placards, while anti-communism slogans began to salute the ear “Down with the dictator!”, “Death to the criminal!”, “We are the people, down with the dictator!”, “Down with Ceausescu”, “Today in Timisoara, tomorrow countrywide”. In no time, the demonstrators began to break in the building and escalated the balcony. Nicolae and Elena Ceausescu found shelter on the building’s roof, where a helicopter was waiting for them. This is important because they might have tried to escape but the Ceausescu have gotten arrested as well while people protested against them and have many people from the army on their side as well as the whole revolution was on the radio and newspapers. It helps people to know about what is going on and how they need help in their own country.



]]> 2023-01-19 02:59:43 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449228788 December 25, 1989 kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449229023 Nicolae Ceausescu’s 24 years of power on Romania ended; Nicolae, Elena and their son Nicu Ceausescu was arrested. They were charged with Genocide, Subversion of state power by organizing armed actions against the people and state power. Offence of destruction of public property by destroying and damaging buildings, explosions in cities, undermining the national economy, and trying to flee the country using over $1 billion deposited in foreign banks. They had a trial which only lasted an hour where they could not pick their own lawyer (who suggested for them to plead insanity so they could at least live) but they refused his help. They were executed at 4:00 pm at a military base outside Bucharest which was carried out by a firing squad. This is a very significant event in history because it ended the 42 years of communist rule in Romania and the Ceausescu’s contribution of 24 years.]]> 2023-01-19 03:00:03 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449229023 How do significant events in history change our society? Why is it important to learn History? kc3163 https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449253201 Significant events in history change our society whether it is positive or negative. The Romanian Revolution is an example; if Nicolae Ceausescu had made a proper political decision with dealing with Romania, and the citizens stayed happy, they might not have gotten the freedom they fought against the government for. The endeavours of the Romanians was a huge change in the history as they had ended 42 years of communist dictatorship in their country and because of that, there are many free people living happily in Romania. Through experiencing, learning and informing others about past events in our history, we become more informed and live better with knowledge of others learning experiences which we can apply to our own present and future. It is important to learn history because it is a way a person can understand the meaning and reason our society and environment is the way it is in the present. ]]> 2023-01-19 03:32:13 UTC https://padlet.com/kc3163/aifxry4ct3w9ildn/wish/2449253201