48I Neuroscience by Darren Goffin https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95 Workshop – Basal Ganglia en-us 2022-02-28 09:33:54 UTC 2022-02-28 11:54:24 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9e0.png https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069282709 The direct pathway, as in response to striatal MSN activation, there is inhibition of the SNr shown in B and C. This inhibition via GABAergic synapses results in the thalamus being disinhibited, which increases the excitability of the cortex, therefore facilitating movement.]]> 2022-02-28 11:16:00 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069282709 GPi https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069291126 2022-02-28 11:23:31 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069291126 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069291770 GPe]]> 2022-02-28 11:24:03 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069291770 GPe https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069292022 2022-02-28 11:24:17 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069292022 Illumination induced partial immobilization of mice at the time of illumination, followed by immediate movement recovery after illumination but leading to an overall decrease in movement over time. eet518_2 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069300949 2022-02-28 11:31:41 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069300949 mm2272_3 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069301550 Disinhibition of STN leads to activation of the output nuclei, increased inhibition of the thalamus and a decrease in cortex activity and movement.]]> 2022-02-28 11:32:15 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069301550 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069301931 ChR2 stimulation of cell type Y reduced the time spent immobile. Percentage time spent immobile decreased after each ChR2 stimulation of cell type Y. ]]> 2022-02-28 11:32:42 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069301931 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069303045 After stimulation of ChR2-GFP the time immobile decreased, and then recovers. Showing that the activation of these neurons leads to a decrease in movement.]]> 2022-02-28 11:33:49 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069303045 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069310229 If it synapsed onto the SNpr then this would cause inhibition of thalamus, decreased activation in cortex and decreased movement. However, we have found that there is an increased in movement therefore it must synapse onto cell type X

]]> 2022-02-28 11:40:57 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069310229 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069317929 Visualise using fluorescence microscopy the YFP fluorescence in the medium spiny neuron cell body in the striatum as well as in the output nuclei: GPi and SNr, but NOT in the medium spiny neurons which express D2 dopamine receptors in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe)]]> 2022-02-28 11:48:08 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069317929 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069317986 You could fuse YFP to the channelrhodopsin-2 protein, and confirm its expression using fluorescent microscopy. You would expect to see fluorescence in the striatum, and the output nuclei.]]> 2022-02-28 11:48:12 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069317986 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069319767 You would insert an electrode into the striatum in vivo and a probe which shines a blue light into the striatum. You would expect to record action potentials as a result of the blue light opening the channelrhodpsin-2 depolarising the cell.]]> 2022-02-28 11:49:57 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069319767 We could visualize YFP fluorescence, which should be restricted to the striatum, the internal segment of the globus pallidus and the SNr. eet518_2 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069320210 2022-02-28 11:50:22 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069320210 https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069321717 You could visualise the fluorescence and see if it is in the correct locations (striatum, internal segment of the globulus pallidus, and the substantia nigra pars reticulata). Then you could shine a blue light onto it, if there is a robust increase in the striatum action potential firing]]> 2022-02-28 11:51:54 UTC https://padlet.com/darrengoffin1/ah04s2no75u9td95/wish/2069321717