2.10 The Progressive Era, Immigration, Unions, and the Labor Movement by Isaac Holben

The Working Class

isaacholben2007 — 2025-04-21 22:29:31 UTC

The working class refers to people who primarily earn their income through wage labor, often involving manual or industrial work, and who may not have a college degree or other professional qualifications.

The New Consumer Culture

isaacholben2007 — 2025-04-21 22:30:57 UTC

The prosperity of the 1920s led to new patterns of consumption, or purchasing consumer goods like radios, cars, vacuums, beauty products or clothing. The expansion of credit in the 1920s allowed for the sale of more consumer goods and put automobiles within reach of average Americans

Panic of 1873

isaacholben2007 — 2025-04-21 22:35:38 UTC

in September 1873, was a major economic downturn that lasted until 1878/9. It began with a failure of the banking firm Jay Cooke & Co, leading to high bank withdrawals, brokerage failures, and halted railway construction.

Scientific Manegment

isaacholben2007 — 2025-04-21 22:37:06 UTC

a management theory developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the United States. Its core principles aimed to improve efficiency by applying scientific methods to analyze and optimize work processes.

Knights of labor

isaacholben2007 — 2025-04-21 22:39:14 UTC

The Knights of Labor was a prominent early labor organization in the United States, founded in 1869. It was initially a secret society, but grew into a large, public organization that advocated for workers' rights and social reforms. The Knights aimed to unite all workers under one organization, regardless of skill or trade, and advocated for an eight-hour workday, end to child labor, and equal pay for men and women.

American federation of Labor

isaacholben2007 — 2025-04-21 22:40:35 UTC

The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was a national federation of labor unions in the United States, founded in 1886. It focused on organizing skilled craft workers and advocated for issues like better wages, shorter workdays, and collective bargaining. The AFL was led by Samuel Gompers.