Theories of Intelligence by Conroy Reynolds

Influential theorists

conroyreynolds — 2016-06-14 23:09:15 UTC

In groups: Review the assigned intelligence theorists, indicate the model of theory that influenced their work and explain the impact they had on the field of intelligence testing. Post your findings on padlet.

Group 2

kalissa_jardine — 2016-06-15 01:35:40 UTC

Kadi

Piaget: King of the developmental theorists. He had little interest in how intelligence differs from person to person and more on child development.

Intelligence involves developmental progression between 4 stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete and formal operations. Children move through these stages in two ways: assimilation (incorporation of the new info into a new schema) and accommodation (adding new, or altering existing schema's).

Cognitive development occurs not only through maturation but through leaning and environmental influences as well.

Adam

Model of theory = bioecological which incorporates a developmental perspective of intelligence.

Impact = Nature vs nurture…intelligence is multifaceted with individuals varying in domain-general abilities

There are no intelligent people but rather people who are intelligent in certain domains

Context= peoples intellectual abilities are influenced by the context in which they are performed. Theorized the individuals intelligence might not be reflected in the methods used to assess intelligence

Kelly
Information processing

· Luria

o Focuses on how individuals process info. Not WHAT they process, but HOW they process.

o She proposed that intelligence can best be described in 2-methods

§ 1. Simultaneous processing

· Mental ability to integrate input of different fragments all at once to “see” the whole

§ 2. Sequential processing

· requires individuals to arrange stimuli in sequential order to solve problems

o Her theory influenced the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (2nd edition)- KABC-II

Kali
Naglieri & Das's PASS (builds off of Luria)
(Certain areas of the brain are responsible for certain cognitive processes)
P: Planning -- frontal lobe: self-monitoring, impulse control, evaluation, generating of ideas
A: Attention -- the longer the task requires attention, the more difficult the process
S: Simultaneous -- organizing information/seeing patterns & how they relate
S: Successive -- ability to organize info in sequential order (learning successive sounds in early reading).
Emphasis: Processing is crucial
the breaking down of various processes

Group One

2016-06-15 01:51:43 UTC

Jess, Hannah, Rudi

Hannah: Cattle-Horn-Carroll "rather a theory that has evolved from the work of 3 individuals".
-Cattle suggested that g was composed of two second order factors:fluid abilities and crystalized abilities. Fluid abilities are primarily biologically determined and affect all fields of relational perception. Crystallized abilities include acquired skills and knowledge that are influenced more by culturally, social, and educational experiences.
-Horn expanded on Cattle's model by adding several other intelligence's.
-Carroll used an analogy based on geology in which intelligence is a hierarchical structure: top stratum=g or general intelligence; second stratum=underlies the first stratum is made up of eight abilities and processes; third stratum below each of the second stratum abilities is comprised of more specific factors that relate to and support the eight second stratum factors.
Nature VS nurture. Kinda like what I was talking about ealier

Rudi: Spearman- Psychometric Smart people are smart, dumb people are dumb. Beyond that there is only variation. FACTORS influenced their word. A general ability impacted peoples performance on any intellectual task, and the rest were specific factors that influenced in specific ways. Many people still see intelligence in this dichotomous way. Haves and have nots.

Jess: Guilford: In Guilford's Structure of Intellect theory, intelligence is viewed as comprising operations, contents, and products. There are 5 kinds of operations (cognition, memory, divergent production, convergent production, evaluation), 6 kinds of products (units, classes, relations, systems, transformations, and implications), and 5 kinds of contents (visual, auditory, symbolic, semantic, behavioral). Since each of these dimensions is independent, there are theoretically 150 different components of intelligence.

Its major application (besides educational research) has been in personnel selection and placement.

4 principles
1. Reasoning and problem-solving skills (convergent and divergent operations) can be subdivided into 30 distinct abilities (6 products x 5 contents).
2.Memory operations can be subdivided into 30 different skills (6 products x 5 contents).
3.Decision-making skills (evaluation operations) can be subdivided into 30 distinct abilities (6 products x 5 contents).
4.Language-related skills (cognitive operations) can be subdivided into 30 distinct abilities (6 products x 5 contents). �

Different dimensions. Can be intelligent in different ways

Kadi

louiesluggergrl — 2016-06-15 01:53:47 UTC

Piaget: King of the developmental theorists. He had little interest in how intelligence differs from person to person and more on child development.

Intelligence involves developmental progression between 4 stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete and formal operations. Children move through these stages in two ways: assimilation (incorporation of the new info into a new schema) and accommodation (adding new, or altering existing schema's).

Cognitive development occurs not only through maturation but through leaning and environmental influences as well.

kelly

2016-06-15 01:56:32 UTC

Information processing