The current warming trend is of particular significance because most of it is extremely likely to be the result of human activity since the mid-20th century and proceeding at a rate that is unprecedented over decades to millennia. The planet's average surface temperature has risen about 2.0 degrees Fahrenheit. Now it is in the level 400 from level 300 in year 1950.

1. At the present degree what are effect to the ecosystem?

The Earth's average temperature has increased about 1 degree Fahrenheit during the 20th century. One degree may sound like a small amount, but it's an unusual event in our planet's recent history. Earth's climate record, preserved in tree rings, ice cores, and coral reefs, shows that the global average temperature is stable over long periods of time. Furthermore, small changes in temperature correspond to enormous changes in the environment. Changes in the timing of seasonal life cycle events for many species, the climate where they live or spend part of the year influences key stages of their annual life cycle, such as migration, blooming, and reproduction. The impact of climate change on a particular species can ripple through a food web and affect a wide range of other organisms. For example, the figure below shows the complex nature of the food web for polar bears. Not only is the decline of sea ice impairing polar bear populations by reducing the extent of their primary habitat, it is also negatively impacting them via food web effects

 

The world bank and its partner are working to ensure Africa's biodiversity is protected with financing from an international carbon reduction program. The bank is helping to protect nearly 400,000 hectares of Madagascar's rainforest along the coast of Namibia uniquely adapted plant and animals are threaten by mining and human development. The world bank support of the Nekoma project has established a strong platform for governance resulting in a new coastal management policy in South Africa's Cape floristic region a global hotspot the Cape biodiversity project has let 58 new contracts with large private landowners who agree to protect threatened ecosystem. It is helping to incorporate biodiversity more fully within the government poverty reduction plan. 

 

2. What are measures that can apply to conservation biology in your country?

It is needed to be a serious research. There are species conservation, the development of best management practices for a variety of species and habitats, various applications of conservation at the landscape scale, advances in conservation genetics, etc.