Power(P)/Distance(D) refers to the strength of a society’s social hierarchy. A high power distance setting means that a specific culture accepts the inequality in power differences (Scollon, 2005). Hofstede (2011) indicated that a high power distance culture encourages bureaucracy and support rank and authority. A low power distance within a culture means that they support a flat organizational structure with decentralized decision-making responsibilities. Low power distance cultures prefer a participative management style. The power distance statistic is a judgment of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the hierarchy based on the subject’s place within it. Power/Distance contributes to cultural norms, while cultural norms are shaped by our perceptions and general acceptance of power inequality in organizations and society.

 

 

Phillip, a white tycoon, and Dell, a recently released, good-for-nothing black gangster, are in different classes. Under normal circumstances, it would be very difficult for their lives to intersect, and what lies between them is a huge gap between the rich and the poor with unbreakable social prejudices, the unity of opposites of misery and good fortune, the powerful and the powerless, affluence and poverty, freedom and bondage - these are precisely the settings for each of the two men. Dell comes to look after the disabled Phillip as a carer and becomes Phillip's resident employer, therefore, in terms of social attribute differences, the initial relationship between Phillip and Dell is assessed as (+P, +D).

 

However, according to Clearly Cultural (2019), applied changes in power/distance include assessing hierarchies and how social relationships change over time. In the course of their relationship, Phillip, who has already despaired of the future, rekindles his passion for life; at the same time, under the subtle influence of Phillip who is wise and kind, Dell, who used to be a good-for-nothing, has undergone a qualitative change in his living situation. The two collide, bond, and redeem each other until a sincere friendship develops. As far as the two individuals are concerned, the relationship between them is transformed from one of subordinate employment (+D) to one of close friendship (-D) in the later period.

 

 

In this clip, Phillip and Dell's power as well as distance gaps are shown prominently. Power(P)/Distance(D) has become part of cross-cultural measures of values, personality and beliefs, and individuals' assumptions about power and distance influence the relationships and strategies they use in cross-cultural communication (Chiu et al., 2015).

 Analysis

Phillip's Self-Identity and Cultural Context:
Phillip, a rich quadriplegic, first identifies himself solely by his handicap and social standing. His polished manner and education bolster his sense of self-identity, matching upper-class society norms. The film shows a cosmetic transformation in Phillip's identity when he meets Dell, an ex-convict from a completely different upbringing. However, in keeping with Hyun's (2020) assessment, this shift appears to be superficial and lacks a thorough examination of the complexity of intercultural communication.

Dell's Self-Identity and Cultural Context:

Dell, who comes from a working-class family, sees himself as battling with previous sins and the struggle of reintegration. His casual, hilarious communication style represents his life experiences-shaped self-identity. The film, on the other hand, simplifies Dell's transition to Phillip's environment, falling short of presenting the nuanced intercultural communication issues (Hyun, 2020).

Specific scenario analysis：

Phillip's initial aversion to celebrating his birthday mirrors his early identity as a serious and somber guy. Dell, being a humorous guy, decided Phillip should have the party. He was instrumental in persuading Phillip to celebrate it joyfully. Phillip's identity is changing. This scene shows workplace identity's malleability indirectly.

Conclusion

"The Upside" investigates the shifting identities of individuals and the potential effects of cross-cultural conversation. Both individuals interact with people from varied social and cultural backgrounds, leading to a very predictable and formulaic mutual recognition and understanding. The film, however, emphasizes a simplified and feel-good tale, downplaying the true obstacles of negotiating and redefining one's identity in the context of cultural variety.

When Dell (Kevin Hart's character) first applies for the job as Philip's caregiver, there is an initial mistrust and misunderstanding between the two due to their different backgrounds. Philip, who is white and wealthy, may have certain stereotypes or preconceived notions about Dell, who is African American and has a criminal record. This reflects the challenge of overcoming stereotypes and building trust in cross-cultural interactions (Katie, 2023). 

As the film progresses, both Philip and Dell learn from each other. Philip gains exposure to aspects of African American culture, like music and food, through his interactions with Dell. Dell, on the other hand, learns about the world of privilege and sophistication that Philip inhabits. These moments of cultural exchange highlight the potential for mutual learning and growth in cross-cultural relationships (Neeleyl, 2014).

The movie indirectly addresses issues of prejudice and discrimination. Through their friendship, Philip and Dell break down cultural and social barriers. They learn to see each other as individuals beyond their racial and economic backgrounds. This transformation demonstrates how personal connection can transcend societal divides and foster a sense of community and understanding (Cross Cultural Relationships - Dealing With Differences., 2018).

As Dell and Philip get to know each other, they challenge not only their own biases but also those of the people around them, including Philip’s employees and Dell’s family. Their friendship serves as a catalyst for change and fosters a more inclusive and accepting community. 

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