Montgomery Navy Boycott by McKenzie Bouchillon https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57 McKenzie Bouchillon period 6th en-us 2018-04-12 17:56:01 UTC 2018-04-12 18:42:16 UTC hello@padlet.com A major leader mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251295894 A  young pastor named Martin Luther King, Jr., emerged as a prominent leader of the American civil rights movement]]> 2018-04-12 18:07:28 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251295894 a organization i involved with an explanation mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251296625 The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil-rights protest during which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating. The boycott took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, and is regarded as the first large-scale U.S. demonstration against segregation. Four days before the boycott began, Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, was arrested and fined for refusing to yield her bus seat to a white man. The U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ordered Montgomery to integrate its bus system, and one of the leaders of the boycott, a young pastor named Martin Luther King, Jr., emerged as a prominent leader of the American civil rights movement.]]> 2018-04-12 18:08:46 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251296625 timeline mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251300247 March 1954 - The Women's Political Council (WPC) meets with Montgomery mayor W. A. Gayle to outline their recommended changes for the Montgomery bus system.
March 2, 1955 - Claudette Colvin arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white woman.
March 1955 - Black leaders in Montgomery, including E. D. Nixon, Rosa Parks, and Martin Luther King Jr., meet with city officials to discuss bus seating requirements.
October 21, 1955 - Mary Louise Smith arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white woman.
December 1, 1955 - Rosa Parks arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger.
December 2, 1955 - The WPC calls for a one-day bus boycott on December 5.
December 5, 1955 - Instead of the expected 60% turnout, an estimated 90%-100% of the black community in Montgomery choose to participate in the boycott. Black leaders meet to dicuss the possibility of extending the boycott. The Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) is created at this meeting, and Dr. King elected its president. The MIA votes to extend the boycott.
December 8, 1955 - The MIA issues a formal list of demands. The city refuses to comply.
December 13, 1955 - The MIA implements a carpool system to support citizens taking part in the boycott.
January 30, 1956 - Dr. King's home is bombed. In response, Dr. King calls for peaceful protest rather than violent action.
February 1, 1956 - E. D. Nixon's home is bombed.
February 21, 1956 - Over 80 boycott leaders are indicted by the city under Alabama's anti-conspiracy laws.
March 19, 1956 - Dr. King is indicted as a leader of the boycott and ordered to pay $500 or serve 386 days in jail.
June 5, 1956 - A federal district court rules that bus segregation is unconstitutional.
November 13, 1956 - The Supreme Court upholds the district court ruling, and strikes down laws requiring racial segregation on buses. The MIA resolves to end the boycott only when the order to desegregate is officially implemented.
December 20, 1956 - The Supreme Court's orders of injuction against segregation on city buses are delivered to the Montgomery City Hall.
December 21, 1956 - Montgomery's buses are officially desegregated. The MIA ends the boycott.
 
]]> 2018-04-12 18:15:11 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251300247 YouTube video mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251304202 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rs_utj3o1NQ]]> 2018-04-12 18:21:54 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251304202 key strategies mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251306412
A major factor in the success of the movement was the strategy of protesting for equal rights without using violence. Civil rights leader Rev. Martin Luther King championed this approach as an alternative to armed uprising. King's non-violent movement was inspired by the teachings of Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi.]]> 2018-04-12 18:25:35 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251306412 citations mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251307185 https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/montgomery-bus-boycott
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/montgomery-bus-boycott
http://www.beaconbroadside.com/broadside/2013/12/a-timeline-of-the-montgomery-bus-boycott.html

]]> 2018-04-12 18:26:56 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251307185 short introductory mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251311309 In 1955, African Americans were still required by a Montgomery, Alabama, city ordinance to sit in the back half of city buses and to yield their seats to white riders if the front half of the bus, reserved for whites, was full.

But on December 1, 1955, African-American seamstress Rosa Parks was commuting home on Montgomery’s Cleveland Avenue bus from her job at a local department store. She was seated in the front row of the “colored section.” When the white seats filled, the driver, J. Fred Blake, asked Parks and three others to vacate their seats. The other African-American riders complied, but Parks refused.

]]> 2018-04-12 18:34:50 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251311309 any court cases mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251313805 The Court affirmed a ruling by a three-judge Federal court that held the challenged statutes "violate the due process and equal protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.]]> 2018-04-12 18:39:38 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251313805 what is the amendment mbouch0724 https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251314294 The Fourteenth Amendment provides that no state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law nor deny to any citizen the equal protection of the laws]]> 2018-04-12 18:40:35 UTC https://padlet.com/mbouch0724/aflasxoxlf57/wish/251314294