Established by Congress to assist formerly enslaved people and poor white in the South.

Provided food, housing, medical aid, and helped set up schools.

Faced resistance from white Southerners and limited funding.

Shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.

His death shocked the nation and changed the course of Reconstruction.

Vice President Andrew Johnson became president.

A southern Democrat from Tennessee who supported the quick readmission of the Southern States.

Clashed with Congress over Reconstruction policies.

He was later impeached, but not removed from office.

Restricted movement, labor rights, and legal protections.

Restricted movement, labor rights, and legal protections.

Showed how Southern States tried to maintain slavery-like conditions.

First of the three "Reconstruction Amendments."

Created questions about what freedom meant in practice.

Secret white supremacist group using terror to stop Black political and social progress. Targeted freedmen, teachers, and white allies.

Violence led Congress to pass the Enforcement Acts in the 1870s.

First U.S. Federal law defining citizenship.

Guaranteed equal rights for African Americans.

Passed over Andrew Johnson's veto.

White mobs attacked Black residents and Union soldiers in Memphis, Tennessee.

Dozens of African Americans were killed, and homes and schools were burned.

Showed violent resistance to Black progress in the South.

Divided the South into 5 military districts under Union control.

Required new state constitutions with Black male suffrage.

Southern states had to ratify the 14th Amendment.

Gave citizenship to everyone born in the U.S.

Promised "equal protection under the law."

Limited power of former Confederate leaders.

Black men participated as delegates in rewriting state constitutions.

Expanded public education and civil rights protections.

Marked a high point of black political participation during Reconstruction.

Gave African American men the right to vote.

Angered women's suffrage activists who were excluded.

Still limited by poll taxes, literacy tests, and violence later.

White Democrats used intimidation, violence, and fraud to suppress Black voting.

"Shotgun Policy" referred to threats and assaults to scare voters.

Marked the rollback of Reconstruction gains in the South.

Resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election between Hayes vs. Tilden.

Federal troops were withdrawn from the South.

Effectively ended Reconstruction, allowing "Jim Crow" segregation to rise.