Sponsors: KSA, Italy, and Canada

Signatories: Korea, Uk, Japan, China.

Topic: Global Warming

The General Assembly,

Reminding all the nations of the issue of global warming ravaging this world and the rapid increase in the temperature of the world,

Alarmed by the ignorance of our predicament could be the reason of our destruction,

Bearing in mind that this problem is widely discussed all around the world, but there hasn’t been many solutions but some undeveloped countries still don’t have access to the resources to prevent global warming,

Average surface air temperatures from 2011 to 2021 compared to the 1956–1976 average

Change in average surface air temperature since the industrial revolution, plus drivers for that change. Human activity has caused increased temperatures, with natural forces adding some variability.^{[1]: SPM-7} 

Contemporary climate change includes both global warming and its impacts on Earth's weather patterns. There have been previous periods of climate change, but the current changes are distinctly more rapid and not due to natural causes.^[2] Instead, they are caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, mostly carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane. Burning fossil fuels for energy use creates most of these emissions. Agriculture, steelmaking, cement production, and forest loss are additional sources.^[3] Greenhouse gases are transparent to sunlight, allowing it through to heat the Earth's surface. When the Earth emits that heat as infrared radiation the gases absorb it, trapping the heatnear the Earth's surface. As the planet heats up it causes changes like the loss of sunlight-reflecting snow cover, amplifying global warming.^[4]

On land, temperatures have risen about twice as fast as the global average. Deserts are expanding, while heat waves and wildfires are becoming more common.^[5] Increased warming in the Arctic has contributed to melting permafrost, glacial retreat and sea ice loss.^[6] Higher temperatures are also causing more intense storms and other weather extremes.^[7] Rapid environmental change in mountains, coral reefs, and the Arctic is forcing many species to relocate or become extinct.^[8]Climate change threatens people with food and water scarcity, increased flooding, extreme heat, more disease, and economic loss. Human migration and conflict can be a result.^[9] The World Health Organization calls climate change the greatest threat to global health in the 21st century.^[10] Even if efforts to minimise future warming are successful, some effects will continue for centuries. These include sea level rise, and warmer, more acidic oceans.^[11]

Many of these impacts are already felt at the current level of warming (1.2 °C). Additional warming will increase these impacts and may trigger tipping points, such as the melting of the Greenland ice sheet.^[12] Under the 2015 Paris Agreement, nations collectively agreed to keep warming "well under 2 °C". However, with pledges made under the Agreement, global warming would still reach about 2.7 °C by the end of the century.^[13] Limiting warming to 1.5 °C will require halving emissions by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.^[14]

Some effects of climate change, clockwise from top left: Wildfire intensified by heat and drought, bleaching of coralcaused by ocean acidification and heating, and worsening droughts compromising water supplies.

Making deep cuts in emissions will require switching away from burning fossil fuels and towards using electricity generated from low-carbon sources. This includes phasing out coal-fired power plants, vastly increasing use of wind and solar power, switching to electric vehicles, switching to heat pumps in buildings, and taking measures to conserve energy.^[15][16] Carbon can also be removed from the atmosphere, for instance by increasing forest cover.^[17] While communities may adapt to climate change through efforts like better coastline protection, they cannot avert the risk of severe, widespread, and permanent impacts.