Spaceship 2060 continues its flight to the planets, this time to ______. Al Biruni  and his ______ were wondering all the flight about the nature of this _______. They have many questions on their minds: What does Mars look like? What does its surface look like? What do the ______ do? They were so excited to discover the _______ of gases surrounding the planet.

●      Mars is the 4th planet from the Earth.

●      It is more than 225 million kilometre from the Sun.

●      A day on Mars is 24.6 hours.

●      An evidence of a lake under its south polar ice cap was discovered in 2018.

●      Viking Landers was the first spacecraft to land on Mars in 1976.

Question 1: ______________________________________________________________________

Question 2: ______________________________________________________________________

Question 3: ______________________________________________________________________

Question 4: ______________________________________________________________________

Question 5: ______________________________________________________________________

The Egyptians were the first people to use a paste to clean their teeth around 5000 BC. But the first modern toothpaste was invented in 1824 by the dentist, Peabody. The first commercially produced toothpaste was sold in a jar in 1873.

Toothpastes mainly contain water, abrasives, including aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydrogen phosphates, calcium carbonate, silica, hydroxyapatite and fluoride.

(a)  sour and sharp to the taste
 (                    )

(b)  substances that react with acids to form salt  (                           )

(c)   orange, lemon, and grapefruit   (                        )

(d)  connected with buying and selling, and making a profit               (                       )

(e)   substances used for polishing or cleaning a hard surface.  (           )

Read this article about the neurons, the basic functional units of the nervous system that generate electrical signals. The signals transmit information over long distances. 

There are 3 basic functions of neurons:

The fight or flight response is an automatic physiological reaction to a physical danger, such as encountering a growling dog. The perception of threat activates the nervous system and prepares the body to fight or flee. This results in an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate. After the threat is gone, it takes between 20 to 60 minutes for the body to return to its pre-arousal levels.

Some people still feel the threat due to what is called phobia. A person who is terrified of heights might experience stress response if they have to go to the top floor of a skyscraper to attend a meeting. Their body might go on high alert, with their heartbeat and respiration rate increasing.

The information is taken from these resources:

(b)  Explain what happens when you see a fire by referring to the 3 functions of neurons. ___________________________________________________________________________

     (c) What did you expect the article to be about when you read the title?

         ____________________________________________________________________________