·        500g skinless boneless chicken thighs

For the marinade

·        1/2-1 lemon, (to taste) juiced

·        2 tsp ground cumin

·        2 tsp paprika

·        1-2 tsp hot chilli powder

·        200g natural yogurt

For the curry

·        2 tbsp vegetable oil

·        1 large onion, chopped

·        3 garlic cloves, crushed

·        1 green chilli, deseeded and finely chopped (optional)

·        thumb-sized piece ginger, grated

·        1 tsp garam masala

·        2 tsp ground fenugreek

·        3 tbsp tomato purée

·        300ml chicken stock

·        50g flaked almonds, toasted

Method

·        STEP 1

In a medium bowl, mix all the marinade ingredients with some seasoning. Chop the chicken into bite-sized pieces and toss with the marinade. Cover and chill in the fridge for 1 hr or overnight.

·        STEP 2

In a large, heavy saucepan, heat the oil. Add the onion, garlic, green chilli, ginger and some seasoning. Fry on a medium heat for 10 mins or until soft.

·        STEP 3

Add the spices with the tomato purée, cook for a further 2 mins until fragrant, then add the stock and marinated chicken. Cook for 15 mins, then add any remaining marinade left in the bowl. Simmer for 5 mins, then sprinkle with the toasted almonds. Serve with rice, naan bread, chutney, coriander and lime wedges.

https://www.pavaniskitchen.com/punjabi-butter-chicken-recipe-easy-butter-chicken/ 

Aslam, M., Syed, N. I., & Jahan, S. (2021). Effect of Caralluma tuberculata on regulation of carbohydrate metabolizing genes in alloxan-induced rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 271, 113897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113897

 

The Punjab Indians face housing issues due to the increased costs in rent which has resulted in housing stress. Thus, has impacted the prevalence of mental illnesses such as anxiety, stress (AIHW, 2019)

They also face job insecurity and unemployment due to their religion especially due to the increased amount of discrimination they face at the workplace due to their religion and culture (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), 2019). 

Turban 4 Australia. (2022). Our Story. https://www.t4a.org.au/our-story/

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2019). 4.2 Social determinants of health. https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/746ded57-183a-40e9-8bdb-828e21203175/aihw-aus-221-chapter-4-2.pdf.aspx

Diabetes- prevalence of diabetes in Indian-born migrants is 14.8% higher than Australian-born population (7.1%). This is due to unhealthy diet, poor physical activity, poor medication adherence, stress related to migration and high costs of treatments (Ahmad et al., 2022). Treatment includes insulin administration and self-glucose monitoring, exercise and dietary changes (Ahmad et al., 2022).

Cardiovascular diseases is prevalent in Indian migrants due to their poor dietary patterns insufficient physical exercise, overweight and obesity. The treatment is includes lifestyle changes, medications, cardiac rehabilitation (Fernandez et al., 2015)

 References
Ahmad, A., Khan, M. U., & Aslani, P. (2021). A Qualitative Study on Medication Taking Behaviour Among People With Diabetes in Australia. Frontiers in pharmacology, 12, 693748. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.693748

Fernandes, S., Caperchione, C. M., Thornton, L. E., & Timperio, A. (2021). A qualitative exploration of perspectives of physical activity and sedentary behaviour among Indian migrants in Melbourne, Australia: how are they defined and what can we learn?. BMC public health, 21, 1-11.

Fernandez, R., Rolley, J. X., Rajaratnam, R., Everett, B., & Davidson, P. M. (2015). Reducing the risk of heart disease among Indian Australians: knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding food practices - a focus group study. Food & nutrition research, 59, 25770. https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v59.25770