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      <title>14 IDEA Disability Categories by Fernanda Moncada</title>
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      <description>Cohort 7 - Zehra - Nelisa - Linda - Fernanda
Module 2 - Unit 3 (Mar 03 - Mar 09)</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-03-02 00:07:15 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503346170</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong><mark>(Medium Incidence)</mark></strong><br><br>Intellectual disability (ID) is a term used when there are limits to a person’s ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life. Levels of intellectual disability can vary greatly among people. Those with intellectual disability may have difficulty communicating their wants and needs and taking care of themselves. Intellectual disability can cause a person to learn and develop more slowly than others, taking longer to learn skills like speaking, walking, dressing, or eating without assistance. They may also face challenges with academic learning.<br><br><strong><em>Reference:&nbsp;</em></strong></div><ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Facts About Intellectual Disability. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/developmentaldisabilities/facts-about-intellectual-disability.html">https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/developmentaldisabilities/facts-about-intellectual-disability.html</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 08:15:22 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Interventions </title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503355039</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Interventions for Intellectual Disability (ID) can vary depending on the severity of the disability and the individual's specific needs. Here are some examples of interventions that may be used for people with ID:<br><br></div><ol><li><strong>Education:</strong> Education is critical for individuals with ID. Special education programs, tailored to the individual needs of the person with ID, can help them learn basic life skills, social skills, and communication skills.</li><li><strong>Behavioral Interventions</strong>: Behavioral interventions can be used to help individuals with ID manage challenging behaviors. These interventions can include positive reinforcement, behavioral therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.</li><li><strong>Occupational Therapy:</strong> Occupational therapy can help individuals with ID develop their fine motor skills, sensory processing, and coordination. This can help them be more independent and successful in their daily activities.</li><li><strong>Speech Therapy:</strong> Speech therapy can help individuals with ID improve their communication skills, including speech, language, and social communication. This can improve their ability to interact with others and express their needs and wants.</li><li><strong>Physical Therapy: </strong>Physical therapy can help individuals with ID improve their physical strength, coordination, balance, and mobility. This can help them be more independent and participate in physical activities.</li><li><strong>Social Skills Training: </strong>Social skills training can help individuals with ID learn and practice social skills such as turn-taking, initiating conversations, and making friends. This can help them build meaningful relationships and participate in social activities.</li><li><strong>Assistive Technology:</strong> Assistive technology, such as communication devices, mobility aids, and computer software, can help individuals with ID communicate, learn, and participate in activities more effectively.</li></ol><div><br>Overall, interventions for individuals with ID should be tailored to their specific needs and goals, and should aim to improve their quality of life and help them live as independently as possible.<br><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>UK Essays. (November 2018). Accommodations for the Intellectually Disabled. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://www.ukessays.com/essays/teaching/accommodations-intellectually-disabled-7542.php">https://www.ukessays.com/essays/teaching/accommodations-intellectually-disabled-7542.php</a><br><br></li><li>Oliver, C., &amp; Richards, C. (2007). Interventions for challenging behaviour in intellectual disability. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 13(1), 58-70. doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.105.001735.&nbsp; Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/interventions-for-challenging-behaviour-in-intellectual-disability/1B1D0E368454879EA7E58E6A2B9FEDEF">https://www.cambridge.org</a></li></ol><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 08:38:24 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Accommodations</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503358022</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Assistive technology:</strong> Assistive technology such as communication devices, computer software, and mobility aids can help individuals with ID communicate, learn, and participate in activities more effectively.</li><li><strong>Visual aids:</strong> Visual aids such as pictures, diagrams, and videos can help individuals with ID understand and learn new concepts.</li><li><strong>Modified curriculum:</strong> A modified curriculum can help individuals with ID learn at their own pace and in a way that is tailored to their individual needs.</li><li><strong>Alternative assessment methods:</strong> Alternative assessment methods such as performance-based assessments and oral exams can help individuals with ID demonstrate their knowledge and skills.</li><li><strong>Peer tutoring:</strong> Peer tutoring can be an effective way for individuals with ID to receive additional support and guidance from their peers.</li><li><strong>Lerning Environment:</strong> Some students with ID may also have a visual, hearing, and/or physical diasabilities. Seating plans, classroom arrangements, behavior expectations, and classroom procedures may need to be adjusted.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em><mark>It is important to note</mark></em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong>that accommodations for individuals with ID should be tailored to their individual needs and goals, and should aim to improve their quality of life and help them live as independently as possible.<br><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>UK Essays. (November 2018). Accommodations for the Intellectually Disabled. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from <a href="https://www.ukessays.com/essays/teaching/accommodations-intellectually-disabled-7542.php">https://www.ukessays.com/essays/teaching/accommodations-intellectually-disabled-7542.php</a><br><br></li><li>TherapyTravelers. (n.d.). Strategies for Teaching Students with Intellectual Disabilities. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from <a href="https://www.therapytravelers.com/strategies-teaching-students-intellectual-disabilities/">https://www.therapytravelers.com/strategies-teaching-students-intellectual-disabilities/</a></li></ol><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 08:48:12 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503372221</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Individualized instruction: </strong>Students with ID may benefit from individualized instruction that is tailored to their specific needs and goals. This can include the use of specialized instruction, such as differentiated instruction or modified curriculum.</li><li><strong>Multi-sensory instruction:</strong> Multi-sensory instruction can help students with ID learn new information by engaging multiple senses. This can include visual aids, hands-on activities, and verbal instruction.</li><li><strong>Positive reinforcement:</strong> Positive reinforcement can help students with ID feel motivated and encouraged to learn. This can include verbal praise, small rewards, and recognition for their efforts and achievements.</li><li><strong>Task analysis: </strong>Task analysis involves breaking down a task into smaller, more manageable steps. This can help students with ID understand and complete tasks more effectively.</li><li><strong>Visual aids: </strong>Visual aids such as pictures, diagrams, and videos can help students with ID understand and learn new concepts.</li><li><strong>Repetition:</strong> Repetition can be helpful for students with ID to learn and retain new information. Repeating instructions or concepts can help reinforce their learning.</li><li><strong>Peer tutoring: </strong>Peer tutoring can be an effective way for students with ID to receive additional support and guidance from their peers.</li><li><strong>Assistive technology:</strong> Assistive technology such as communication devices, computer software, and mobility aids can help students with ID communicate, learn, and participate in activities more effectively.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>TherapyTravelers. (n.d.). Strategies for Teaching Students with Intellectual Disabilities. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from <a href="https://www.therapytravelers.com/strategies-teaching-students-intellectual-disabilities/">https://www.therapytravelers.com/strategies-teaching-students-intellectual-disabilities/</a><br><br></li><li>AllPlayLearn. (n.d.). Intellectual Disability. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from <a href="https://allplaylearn.org.au/primary/teacher/intellectual-disability/">https://allplaylearn.org.au/primary/teacher/intellectual-disability/</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 09:17:24 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Assistive technology</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503373862</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Communication devices: </strong>Communication devices can help students with ID communicate their needs and wants more effectively. These devices can include speech-generating devices, picture boards, or apps that translate text to speech.</li><li><strong>Computer software:</strong> Computer software such as text-to-speech programs, speech recognition software, or word prediction software can help students with ID to read and write more effectively.</li><li><strong>Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices: </strong>AAC devices such as tablets or specialized communication devices can help students with ID to communicate their ideas and participate in social activities more effectively.</li><li><strong>Electronic organizers and reminders:</strong> Electronic organizers and reminders can help students with ID keep track of their schedules and stay organized.</li><li><strong>Assistive listening devices: </strong>Assistive listening devices such as headphones or hearing aids can help students with ID to hear and understand verbal instructions more effectively.</li><li><strong>Adaptive equipment:</strong> Adaptive equipment such as special chairs, pencil grips, or weighted blankets can help students with ID to be more comfortable and engaged in learning activities.</li><li><strong>Sensory integration tools:</strong> Sensory integration tools such as fidget toys, textured materials, or sensory tables can help students with ID to manage sensory input and improve their focus.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>NumberDyslexia. (2021). Assistive Technology for Students with Intellectual Disabilities. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://numberdyslexia.com/assistive-technology-for-students-with-intellectual-disabilities/">https://numberdyslexia.com/assistive-technology-for-students-with-intellectual-disabilities/</a></li></ol><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 09:22:20 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
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         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong><mark>(High Incidence)</mark></strong><br><br>Speech/Language Impairment (SLI) is a communication disorder that affects a person's ability to produce speech sounds accurately, use language appropriately, or understand spoken language.<br><br></div><div>Individuals with SLI may have difficulty with one or more aspects of communication, such as:<br><br></div><ol><li><strong>Articulation:</strong> Difficulty producing speech sounds accurately, resulting in speech that may be difficult to understand.</li><li><strong>Fluency:</strong> Difficulty speaking smoothly, resulting in stuttering or hesitation in speech.</li><li><strong>Voice:</strong> Difficulty producing speech with appropriate volume, pitch, or quality.</li><li><strong>Language: </strong>Difficulty using or understanding language, including difficulty with vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.</li></ol><div><br>SLI can be caused by a variety of factors, including developmental delays, genetic factors, or neurological conditions such as cerebral palsy or autism spectrum disorder.<br><br></div><div>SLI can affect a person's ability to communicate effectively, participate in social interactions, and succeed academically or professionally. Speech therapy and other interventions can help individuals with SLI improve their communication skills and overcome the challenges associated with the disorder.<br><br><strong><em>Reference:</em></strong></div><ol><li>Parent Center Hub. (n.d.). Speech and Language Impairment. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from <a href="https://www.parentcenterhub.org/speechlanguage/">https://www.parentcenterhub.org/speechlanguage/</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 09:33:19 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Interventions</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503381458</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Interventions for Speech/Language Impairment (SLI) can vary depending on the specific needs of the individual. Here are some examples of interventions that may be used:<br><br><strong><mark>Verbal Interventions<br></mark></strong><br></div><ul><li><strong><em>Auditory Stimulation Training</em></strong><ul><li>Used to improve the auditory processing in individuals with SLI</li><li>The software which challenges a person’s linguistic and cognitive abilities&nbsp;</li><li>Consists of different tasks which manipulate speech style, language components, and stimuli</li><li>Fast ForWord is a commonly used intervention software</li></ul></li><li><strong><em>Repetition</em></strong><ul><li>A study done by Horst in 2017</li><li>Tested three-year-old children with and without SLI&nbsp;</li><li>Parents read children’s book repeatedly to their children</li><li>Results found that children with SLI did worse remembering words initially but performed the same remembering the words a week later</li></ul></li></ul><div><br><br><strong><mark>Written Communication Interventions</mark></strong><strong><br></strong><br></div><ul><li><strong><em>Domain-Specific Approaches</em></strong><ul><li>A structure of interventions that can focus on individual areas of language development deficiencies</li><li>Follows either a top-down or bottom-up approach, which is either focusing on general details with working up to bigger and bigger components of speech or the other way around</li><li>When using this structural form, it is important to use the individual’s language strengths as the base for determining the sequential order</li><li>Allows for co-dependencies of language, which is understanding how to process information based on making associations and representations throughout language</li></ul></li><li><strong><em>Probe-Based Exercises</em></strong><ul><li>Introducing situations that encourage the individual to use the targeted area of language (i.e. promoting the use of the “-ed” suffix)</li><li>These exercises usually involve toys or props of some sort.</li><li>Promotes the use of different morphemes within language, which can be applied to increasing grammatical and literacy skills</li></ul></li><li><strong><em>Storytelling</em></strong><ul><li>Can be approached from multiple angles including in a group setting, in a more one-on-one setting, retelling a story, or coming up with a personal story narrative</li><li>Allows individuals to increase their narrative abilities, or their ability to tell a story in a clear and organized fashion.</li><li>Allows for a better understanding of components like reading text, sentence comprehension, as well as other semantic processes</li></ul></li></ul><div><br><br><strong><mark>Other&nbsp; Interventions</mark></strong></div><ul><li><strong>Speech Therapy:</strong> Speech therapy is a common intervention for SLI. A speech-language pathologist (SLP) can work with the individual to improve their speech and language skills. Therapy may include exercises to improve articulation, language comprehension, or social communication skills.</li><li><strong>Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC): </strong>For individuals who have significant difficulty with verbal communication, AAC devices or strategies may be recommended. These can include picture boards, communication apps, or speech-generating devices.</li><li><strong>Parent Training:</strong> Parents and caregivers can be involved in the intervention process to help support their child's communication skills at home. A speech-language pathologist may work with parents to teach them strategies for facilitating their child's language development.</li><li><strong>Social Skills Training: </strong>Individuals with SLI may benefit from social skills training to improve their ability to interact with peers and build relationships. This may involve teaching specific social skills or providing opportunities for social interaction in a structured setting.</li><li><strong>Educational Support: </strong>In a school setting, accommodations such as modified curriculum, assistive technology, or one-on-one support from an aide or teacher may be provided to help the individual with SLI succeed academically.</li></ul><div><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>Vanderbilt University. (2020). Specific Language Impairment. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from <a href="https://my.vanderbilt.edu/speds2430/2020-topics/specific-language-impairment/">https://my.vanderbilt.edu/speds2430/2020-topics/specific-language-impairment/</a><br><br></li><li>American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (n.d.). Speech and Language Disorders. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from <a href="https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/">https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 09:43:11 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Accommodations</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503382291</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Preferential seating:</strong> Providing preferential seating can help individuals with SLI better hear and understand the teacher or speaker.</li><li><strong>Visual aids:</strong> Using visual aids such as pictures, diagrams, or videos can help individuals with SLI understand and remember new information.</li><li><strong>Assistive technology:</strong> Assistive technology such as speech-to-text or text-to-speech software can help individuals with SLI communicate or access information more effectively.</li><li><strong>Extended time: </strong>Providing extended time on assignments, exams, or tasks can help individuals with SLI complete their work at their own pace.</li><li><strong>Simplified language: </strong>Using simplified language, breaking down complex instructions or concepts into smaller parts, or providing concrete examples can help individuals with SLI understand new information.</li><li><strong>Multimodal instruction:</strong> Using a variety of teaching methods, including visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities, can help individuals with SLI learn new information in different ways.</li><li><strong>Speech therapy:</strong> Providing speech therapy sessions in school can help individuals with SLI improve their speech and language skills.</li></ol><div><br><strong><mark>NOTE:</mark></strong><strong> </strong>Overall, accommodations for individuals with SLI should be personalized to their specific needs and goals. Accommodations should aim to improve their communication skills, help them participate in social interactions, and support their academic or professional success.<br><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>Newman, L., Wagner, M., Knokey, A. M., Marder, C., Nagle, K., Shaver, D., ... Wei, X. (2018). Preparing for Life after High School: The Characteristics and Experiences of Youth in Special Education. Findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2012. Volume 1: Comparisons with Other Youth (Full Report). Minneapolis, MN: National Center on Educational Outcomes, University of Minnesota. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from <a href="https://nceo.umn.edu/docs/OnlinePubs/NCEOReport430.pdf">https://nceo.umn.edu/docs/OnlinePubs/NCEOReport430.pdf</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 09:45:38 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503388907</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Simplify language: </strong>Use clear and concise language, and break down complex concepts into smaller, more manageable parts.</li><li><strong>Use visual aids:</strong> Visual aids such as pictures, diagrams, or videos can help individuals with SLI understand and remember new information.</li><li><strong>Repeat and reinforce: </strong>Repeat instructions or concepts as needed, and reinforce learning with praise or positive feedback.</li><li><strong>Encourage questions:</strong> Encourage individuals with SLI to ask questions and seek clarification when they do not understand something.</li><li><strong>Model language:</strong> Model proper grammar and pronunciation, and use correct vocabulary to help individuals with SLI learn new words and concepts.</li><li><strong>Use context cues: </strong>Use context cues such as gestures or facial expressions to help individuals with SLI understand the meaning of new words or concepts.</li><li><strong>Provide opportunities for practice:</strong> Provide opportunities for individuals with SLI to practice their communication skills in a safe and supportive environment.</li><li><strong>Be patient and supportive: </strong>Be patient and understanding, and provide emotional support as needed to help individuals with SLI build their confidence and communication skills.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em>Reference:</em></strong></div><ol><li>Do2Learn. (n.d.). Speech and Language Impairment Strategies. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from <a href="https://do2learn.com/disabilities/CharacteristicsAndStrategies/SpeechLanguageImpairment_Strategies.html">https://do2learn.com/disabilities/CharacteristicsAndStrategies/SpeechLanguageImpairment_Strategies.html</a></li></ol><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 10:05:42 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Assistive technology</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503393953</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices:</strong> AAC devices such as tablets or specialized communication devices can help individuals with SLI to communicate their ideas and participate in social activities more effectively.</li><li><strong>Speech-to-text and text-to-speech software:</strong> These software programs can help individuals with SLI to write and speak more effectively. Speech-to-text software converts spoken language into text, while text-to-speech software converts written text into spoken language.</li><li><strong>Electronic organizers and reminders:</strong> Electronic organizers and reminders can help individuals with SLI keep track of their schedules and stay organized.</li><li><strong>Voice recognition software:</strong> Voice recognition software can help individuals with SLI to control their computer or other electronic devices using their voice.</li><li><strong>Language learning apps:</strong> Language learning apps can help individuals with SLI to learn new words and practice their language skills in a fun and interactive way.</li><li><strong>Hearing aids: </strong>For individuals with hearing impairment as part of their SLI, hearing aids can help them to hear and understand spoken language more effectively.</li><li><strong>Visual aids:</strong> Visual aids such as picture boards, diagrams, or videos can help individuals with SLI to understand and remember new information.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em>References</em></strong></div><ol><li>Autism Parenting Magazine. (2018). How Assistive Technology Helps Children With Speech and Language Disorders. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://www.autismparentingmagazine.com/assistive-technology-speech-language-disorders/">https://www.autismparentingmagazine.com/assistive-technology-speech-language-disorders/</a><br><br></li><li>The Speech-Language Impairment Project. (n.d.). Low-Tech and High-Tech Devices for Students With Speech-Language Impairment. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/speechlangimpairment/low-tech-and-high-tech-devices">https://sites.google.com/site/speechlangimpairment/low-tech-and-high-tech-devices</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 10:16:49 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503398435</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong><mark>(High Incidence)</mark></strong><br><br>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior. ASD is considered a "spectrum" disorder because the symptoms and severity can vary widely among individuals.<br><br></div><div>People with ASD may have difficulty with social interactions, such as making eye contact, understanding nonverbal communication, and developing friendships. They may also have difficulty with communication, both verbal and nonverbal. Some individuals with ASD may engage in repetitive behaviors, have narrow interests, and become distressed when routines are disrupted.<br><br></div><div>ASD is usually diagnosed in early childhood, and symptoms can range from mild to severe. It is important to note that every individual with ASD is unique, and there is no one "typical" presentation of the disorder.<br><br></div><div>While the exact cause of ASD is unknown, research suggests that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may play a role. There is currently no known cure for ASD, but early intervention and treatment can greatly improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with the disorder.<br><br><strong><em>Reference</em></strong></div><ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Signs and Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/signs.html">https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/signs.html</a>.</li></ol><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-04 10:25:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503398435</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Interventions </title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503399248</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>There are many interventions that can be helpful for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). These interventions can help to address the unique challenges that individuals with ASD may face in communication, social interaction, and behavior. Here are some examples of interventions for ASD:<br><br></div><ol><li><strong>Behavioral Therapy:</strong> Behavioral therapy is a type of intervention that focuses on teaching new skills and behaviors, and reducing unwanted behaviors. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a specific type of behavioral therapy that is often used for children with ASD.</li><li><strong>Social Skills Training:</strong> Social skills training can help individuals with ASD learn how to navigate social interactions, such as making eye contact, understanding social cues, and developing friendships.</li><li><strong>Speech and Language Therapy: </strong>Speech and language therapy can help individuals with ASD develop communication skills, such as improving speech clarity and understanding nonverbal communication.</li><li><strong>Occupational Therapy: </strong>Occupational therapy can help individuals with ASD improve their motor skills, sensory processing, and daily living skills.</li><li><strong>Medication:</strong> Some medications, such as antidepressants and antipsychotics, may be used to manage symptoms of ASD, such as anxiety or aggression. However, medication should always be used in conjunction with other interventions, and under the supervision of a healthcare professional.</li><li><strong>Parent Education and Support: </strong>Parent education and support can help parents and caregivers better understand and manage the challenges of raising a child with ASD.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em>Reference</em></strong></div><ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Treatment. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/treatment.html">https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/treatment.html</a>.<br><br></li><li>The Spectrum. (n.d.). Autism Strategy. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from <a href="https://thespectrum.org.au/autism-strategy/">https://thespectrum.org.au/autism-strategy/</a>.</li></ol>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://youtu.be/S1E4Aaq16Ok" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-04 10:28:40 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503399248</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Accommodations</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503400514</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>1. Sensory processing accommodations</strong> can help individuals with ASD regulate their sensory input and reduce anxiety or overwhelm. Here are some examples of sensory processing accommodations for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Sensory Breaks:</strong> Providing a quiet space or sensory room where an individual can take a break to regulate their sensory input. This may include providing sensory toys or objects for tactile stimulation, calming music or noise-cancelling headphones for auditory stimulation, or dimmed lighting for visual stimulation.</li><li><strong>Adjusting Lighting and Sound Levels: </strong>Adjusting the lighting levels in a room to reduce glare or brightness, or reducing background noise levels to minimize auditory stimulation.</li><li><strong>Sensory-Friendly Materials:</strong> Providing sensory-friendly materials, such as soft fabrics or weighted blankets, for individuals with ASD who may be sensitive to touch or pressure.</li><li><strong>Visual Aids: </strong>Using visual aids, such as picture schedules or visual cues, to help individuals with ASD understand what is expected of them and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Sensory Integration Therapy: </strong>Sensory integration therapy is a type of therapy that uses specific sensory experiences to help individuals with ASD process sensory information more effectively. This therapy may include activities such as swinging, bouncing on a ball, or playing with textured materials.</li></ul><div><br><strong>2. Behavioral supports are accommodations</strong> can help individuals with ASD learn new behaviors, manage challenging behaviors, and achieve their goals. Here are some examples of behavioral supports for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Positive Reinforcement: </strong>Using positive reinforcement, such as rewards or praise, to encourage desired behaviors and motivate individuals with ASD.</li><li><strong>Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA):</strong> ABA is a type of therapy that uses positive reinforcement and other techniques to teach new skills and behaviors, and reduce unwanted behaviors.</li><li><strong>Structured Routines and Schedules: </strong>Providing a structured routine or schedule can help individuals with ASD manage their time and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Visual Supports: </strong>Using visual supports, such as picture schedules or social stories, can help individuals with ASD understand what is expected of them and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Self-Monitoring: </strong>Teaching individuals with ASD to monitor their own behaviors and provide feedback to themselves can help them regulate their behavior and achieve their goals.</li><li><strong>Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA): </strong>FBA is a process for identifying the causes and functions of challenging behaviors, and developing strategies to address those behaviors.</li></ul><div><br></div><div><strong>3. Comprehension accommodations</strong> can help individuals with ASD understand information more effectively and reduce anxiety or frustration. Here are some examples of comprehension accommodations for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Visual Aids: </strong>Using visual aids, such as pictures, diagrams, or videos, to help individuals with ASD understand information more effectively.</li><li><strong>Simplified Language:</strong> Using simplified language and avoiding abstract or figurative language can help individuals with ASD understand information more easily.</li><li><strong>Repeat and Clarify:</strong> Repeating and clarifying information can help individuals with ASD process information more effectively and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Written Instructions: </strong>Providing written instructions or a visual schedule can help individuals with ASD understand what is expected of them and reduce anxiety.</li></ul><div><br><strong>4. Reading and written expression accommodations</strong> can help individuals with ASD access information more effectively, express themselves more clearly, and achieve their goals. Here are some examples of reading and written expression accommodations for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Text-to-Speech Software: </strong>Text-to-speech software can read written materials aloud to individuals with ASD who may have difficulty reading or comprehending written information.</li><li><strong>Audiobooks:</strong> Audiobooks can provide an alternative way for individuals with ASD to access information and engage with literature.</li><li><strong>Extended Time: </strong>Providing extended time for reading and writing assignments can help individuals with ASD process information more effectively and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Visual Supports:</strong> Using visual supports, such as graphic organizers or mind maps, can help individuals with ASD organize their thoughts and express themselves more clearly in writing.</li><li><strong>Simplified Language:</strong> Using simplified language and avoiding abstract or figurative language can help individuals with ASD understand written materials more easily.</li></ul><div><br><strong>5. Executive functioning accommodations </strong>can help individuals with ASD manage their time, prioritize tasks, and achieve their goals. Here are some examples of executive functioning accommodations for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Structured Routines and Schedules:</strong> Providing a structured routine or schedule can help individuals with ASD manage their time and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Visual Supports:</strong> Using visual supports, such as calendars or checklists, can help individuals with ASD organize their tasks and manage their time more effectively.</li><li><strong>Breaks:</strong> Providing frequent breaks can help individuals with ASD maintain their attention and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Task Analysis: </strong>Breaking down complex tasks into smaller, manageable steps can help individuals with ASD understand what is expected of them and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Executive Functioning Coaching:</strong> Executive functioning coaching is a type of therapy that can help individuals with ASD develop and strengthen their executive functioning skills.</li></ul><div><br><strong>6. Social interaction accommodations </strong>can help individuals with ASD develop social skills, build relationships, and engage in social activities. Here are some examples of social interaction accommodations for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Social Skills Training:</strong> Social skills training can help individuals with ASD learn how to navigate social interactions, such as making eye contact, understanding social cues, and developing friendships.</li><li><strong>Peer Mentors:</strong> Pairing individuals with ASD with peer mentors who can provide guidance and support in social situations.</li><li><strong>Social Stories: </strong>Using social stories, which are short stories that describe social situations and appropriate social behaviors, can help individuals with ASD understand what is expected of them and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Structured Activities: </strong>Providing structured activities, such as group outings or game nights, can help individuals with ASD engage in social activities and build relationships.</li><li><strong>Visual Supports: </strong>Using visual supports, such as picture schedules or cue cards, can help individuals with ASD understand social expectations and reduce anxiety in social situations.</li></ul><div><br><strong>7. Emotional and self-regulation accommodations</strong> can help individuals with ASD manage their emotions, reduce anxiety, and engage in activities more effectively. Here are some examples of emotional and self-regulation accommodations for ASD:</div><ul><li><strong>Sensory Breaks:</strong> Providing a quiet space or sensory room where an individual can take a break to regulate their sensory input and emotions.</li><li><strong>Visual Supports:</strong> Using visual supports, such as emotion charts or mood meters, can help individuals with ASD understand and communicate their emotions more effectively.</li><li><strong>Deep Pressure or Weighted Objects: </strong>Providing deep pressure or weighted objects, such as a weighted blanket or lap pad, can help individuals with ASD regulate their emotions and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Social Stories:</strong> Using social stories, which are short stories that describe social situations and appropriate social behaviors, can help individuals with ASD understand how to regulate their emotions in different situations.</li><li><strong>Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques:</strong> Teaching individuals with ASD mindfulness and relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or guided imagery, can help them manage their emotions and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Positive Reinforcement: </strong>Using positive reinforcement, such as rewards or praise, to encourage positive behaviors and emotions can help individuals with ASD learn how to regulate their emotions and achieve their goals.</li></ul><div><strong><em><br>References</em></strong></div><ol><li>xMinds. (n.d.). Accommodations. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from <a href="https://xminds.org/accommodations">https://xminds.org/accommodations</a>.</li></ol>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://xminds.org/accommodations" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-04 10:33:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503400514</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503410561</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Visual Supports:</strong> Using visual supports, such as picture schedules or social stories, can help individuals with ASD understand what is expected of them and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Positive Reinforcement: </strong>Using positive reinforcement, such as rewards or praise, to encourage positive behaviors can help individuals with ASD learn new skills and behaviors.</li><li><strong>Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): </strong>ABA is a type of therapy that uses positive reinforcement and other techniques to teach new skills and behaviors, and reduce unwanted behaviors.</li><li><strong>Social Skills Training:</strong> Social skills training can help individuals with ASD learn how to navigate social interactions, such as making eye contact, understanding social cues, and developing friendships.</li><li><strong>Sensory Integration Therapy:</strong> Sensory integration therapy is a type of therapy that uses specific sensory experiences to help individuals with ASD process sensory information more effectively.</li><li><strong>Assistive Technology: </strong>Using assistive technology, such as text-to-speech software or speech-to-text software, can help individuals with ASD access information more effectively and express themselves more clearly.</li><li><strong>Executive Functioning Coaching:</strong> Executive functioning coaching is a type of therapy that can help individuals with ASD develop and strengthen their executive functioning skills.</li></ol><div><strong><em><br>References</em></strong></div><ol><li>National University. (2019, April 18). 7 Autism Behavior and Communication Strategies. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from <a href="https://www.nu.edu/resources/7-autism-behavior-and-communication-strategies/">https://www.nu.edu/resources/7-autism-behavior-and-communication-strategies/</a>.</li></ol>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://youtu.be/PH_BqO9EGYM" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-04 11:03:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503410561</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assistive technology</title>
         <author>moncadafernanda1612</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503412144</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ol><li><strong>Communication Apps: </strong>Communication apps, such as Proloquo2Go or TouchChat, can help individuals with ASD who have difficulty with verbal communication express themselves more effectively.</li><li><strong>Text-to-Speech Software: </strong>Text-to-speech software, such as Read&amp;Write or NaturalReader, can read written materials aloud to individuals with ASD who may have difficulty reading or comprehending written information.</li><li><strong>Speech-to-Text Software:</strong> Speech-to-text software, such as Dragon NaturallySpeaking or Google Voice Typing, can help individuals with ASD who have difficulty with written expression to express themselves more clearly.</li><li><strong>Sensory-Friendly Apps: </strong>Sensory-friendly apps, such as Sensory Speak Up or Calm Counter, can help individuals with ASD regulate their sensory input and reduce anxiety.</li><li><strong>Social Skills Apps:</strong> Social skills apps, such as Social Stories Creator &amp; Library or Model Me Going Places, can help individuals with ASD develop and practice social skills.</li><li><strong>Virtual Reality Training Programs: </strong>Virtual reality training programs, such as Floreo or VizZle, can help individuals with ASD practice real-world skills, such as navigating social situations or job interviews, in a safe and controlled environment.</li></ol><div><br><strong><em>References:</em></strong></div><ol><li>Autism Speaks. (n.d.). Technology and Autism. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from <a href="https://www.autismspeaks.org/technology-and-autism">https://www.autismspeaks.org/technology-and-autism</a>.<br><br></li><li>The Assistive Technology Center. (2021, May 10). Podcast: It's All About Independent Functioning: Using Technology to Develop Critical Life Skills for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from<a href="https://www.assistivetechnologycenter.org/podcast-its-all-about-independent-functioning-using-technology-to-develop-critical-life-skills-for-students-with-autism-spectrum-disorder/."> https://www.assistivetechnologycenter.org/</a></li></ol>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1974907061/d350f6feb992614c83d7c5b1f837b070/stokes_am_tatn2010.mp3" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-04 11:07:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503412144</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Definition</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503922611</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Vision impairment means that a person’s eyesight cannot be corrected to a “normal” level.<br><br></div><div>Vision impairment may be caused by a loss of visual acuity, where the eye does not see objects as clearly as usual. It may also be caused by a loss of visual field, where the eye cannot see as wide an area as usual without moving the eyes or turning the head.<br>Courtesy of Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).&nbsp;<br>http://ophthalmology.pitt.edu/vision-impairment/what-vision-impairment#:~:text=Vision%20impairment%20means%20that%20a,objects%20as%20clearly%20as%20usual.<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://ophthalmology.pitt.edu/vision-impairment/what-vision-impairment#:~:text=Vision%20impairment%20means%20that%20a,objects%20as%20clearly%20as%20usual." />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 12:55:39 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503922611</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503926065</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Encourage the student to use visual aids/resources that have been prescribed (e.g. glasses, magnifiers, big-print books and or braille). I would arrange an appropriate seat in the classroom for the impacted student (e.g. in the middle towards the front). I would offer to adjust the lighting where possible. Lastly I would ensure to eliminate the risk of glare from the desk and whiteboard.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 13:02:00 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503926065</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assistive technology in the classroom</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503930826</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Students with visual impairments face unique challenges in the educational environment, However there are great tools that can help them prosper. There is technology for reading, writing, Math, Social studies and Science, computer access , Support Orientation and Mobility and lastly but not least, there is technology to assist with Art, Music and Physical Education. Please find attached document that explains in detail.  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1981809591/74009f8daa5c23f751926df3094a6ba3/assistive_tech_in_the_classroom.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 13:12:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503930826</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Visuals/ Media</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503936629</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Understanding Vision Impairment in Children - Lily-Grace, My understanding in this video is that when special education is implemented properly, it is a great tool for kids. Lily- Grace is very independent and can tell a story very well.   </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wGP_k_UP9c" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 13:24:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503936629</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Citation</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503939250</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://www.pathstoliteracy.org/strategies-teaching-students-who-are-blind-or-visually-impaired/<br><br>https://www.weareteachers.com/teaching-blind-students-visually-impaired/<br><br>http://ophthalmology.pitt.edu/vision-impairment/what-vision-impairment#:~:text=Vision%20impairment%20means%20that%20a,objects%20as%20clearly%20as%20usual.<br><br>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wGP_k_UP9c<br>Understanding Vision Impairment in Children - Lily-Grace<br><br>A Resource Guide to Assistive Technology for<br>Students with Visual Impairment Lisa R. Tebo, M.Ed.<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 13:29:48 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503939250</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Definition</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503997150</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://www.cde.state.co.us/cdesped/sd-multiple#:~:text=Definition%3A%20A%20child%20with%20Multiple,shall%20be%20an%20intellectual%20disability.<br><br>A child with Multiple Disabilities usually have two or more areas of significant impairment. A unique impairment is created by the combination of these conditions, as shown by the multitude of extremely complex educational requirements that prohibit the child from benefiting reasonably from general education.&nbsp;<br><br>For example, one child with multiple disabilities may have an intellectual disability and deafness. Another child may have cerebral palsy and autism. Sharon, above, had three different disabilities.<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.cde.state.co.us/cdesped/sd-multiple#:~:text=Definition%3A%20A%20child%20with%20Multiple,shall%20be%20an%20intellectual%20disability." />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 15:16:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2503997150</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504011194</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>After researching a bit more, I have noticed that no two students with multiple disabilities have the exact same challenge. As a result of the interaction of the many disabilities, age, level of educational intervention, and environmental factors. We should not provide generic approaches, we must adjust our approach/ solution to suit specific needs and situations.<br><br>According to an article published by Perkins (school of the blind), These are strategies to promote literacy development in students with multiple disabilities:<br><br></div><ul><li>Promote development of cognitive skills</li><li>Focus on establishing a recognized means of communication</li><li>Vocabulary should be familiar to the child and should be presented in a way that is clear and consistent</li><li>Provide exposure to a wide variety of literacy materials, using real objects and adaptations to make them as accessible as possible to an individual student.</li><li>Avoid miniature representations, as these are often not meaningful to children with visual impairments and additional disabilities. For example, a section of a seat belt may be a better representation of a car than a small, matchbox car.</li><li>Create routines that sequence events with a clear beginning, middle, and ending.&nbsp; These can be routines of daily living, such as brushing teeth, or they can be activities, such as making a snack.&nbsp;</li></ul><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 15:43:22 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504011194</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assistive Tech</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504012053</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Assistive technology provides students with disabilities endless opportunities to live a healthier more engaged life Wise, 2012.&nbsp;<br><br>In the attached video a student (Alex Wilder) had a disability that was not visible until his special education teacher assisted in checking what was going on. Alex needed support in articulating his thoughts. He used assistive technology for his impairment, he went from struggling to construct a sentence to being a top writing student.<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CThsnREAcf4" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 15:45:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504012053</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>citation</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504012703</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br>https://www.cde.state.co.us/cdesped/sd-multiple#:~:text=Definition%3A%20A%20child%20with%20Multiple,shall%20be%20an%20intellectual%20disability.<br><br><br>https://www.pathstoliteracy.org/instructional-strategies-students-multiple-disabilities/<br><br>Youtube video: Understanding Multiple Disabilities<br>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKqN21OdsLQ<br><br>Allen, Emily, "Assistive Technology for Students with Multiple Disabilities" (2015). Education Masters.<br>Paper 299.<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 15:46:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504012703</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504019566</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The combination of hearing loss and vision impairment known as deaf and blindness impairs a person's ability to communicate, access information, and navigate their environment , thus limiting access to both auditory and visual information.<br><br>A deafblind person won't usually be totally deaf and totally blind, but both senses will be reduced enough to cause significant difficulties in everyday life.<br><br>Deaf-blindness may seem to mean that a person is completely unable to see or hear. However, in reality deaf-blindness is a condition in which the combination of hearing and visual losses in children and youth cause "such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness or multiple disabilities. In order to guarantee that children with this handicap have the chance to attain their full potential, deaf-blind children are given special consideration in the educational system. This is because visual and auditory impairments necessitate careful and distinctive instructional approaches.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 16:00:24 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504019566</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504025175</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>If you are teaching a child who is deafblind about a particular object or toy, use the hand-under-his-hand technique to lead him to the item, place your hand on it, and let the child follow your movements. Then, gently remove your hand from the object and give the child time to explore it on his or her own. It takes time to communicate a concept effectively. Spend some time investigating each phase and the overall idea.<br><br>Example: Before introducing braille Lego, play with them first.<br><br></div><ul><li>Demonstrate how to install and detach braille Lego while holding the child's hands so he may understand you.</li></ul><div><br></div><ul><li>Keep in mind that knowledge is restricted to a person's tactile range and/or visual field; many fundamental procedures may require modelling.</li></ul><div><br></div><ul><li>Offer the braille Lego and let the child take them as they choose. You may tell whether a child is interested in investigating or taking control of the object by keeping your hands under his.</li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.cde.state.co.us/cdesped/sd-db_factsheetwp_guidelines_workingwithchildren#:~:text=If%20you%20are%20teaching%20about,time%20to%20explore%20the%20object." />
         <pubDate>2023-03-05 16:11:20 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504025175</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assistive Tech</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504035699</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The TCTC technology allows students to communicate better, it ca change audio to test so they can understand the teacher.&nbsp; A specialised microphone can be used by the teacher to communicate. Sign language can be used as well to communicate with some of the students.&nbsp;<br><br>Assistive Technologies for Deafblind students are:</div><ul><li>Graphic Organizers</li><li>Speech to text&nbsp;</li><li>Text to speech</li><li>Word prediction programs</li></ul><div><br>To assess deaf and blind students, the teacher will need to :</div><ul><li>Provide choice for assignments</li><li>Allow use of assistive technology</li><li>Provide additional time</li></ul><div><br></div><div>There is a book recommended for teachers: :Assistive Technology for the hearing- impaired, Deaf and Deafblind" by Marion A Hersh , revised by Michael A Johnson </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-05 16:30:57 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504035699</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Citation</title>
         <author>lindamahaye</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504035998</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br>https://www.nationaldb.org/info-center/deaf-blindness-overview/<br><br>https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/deafblindness/#:~:text=Deafblindness%20is%20a%20combination%20of,%22multi%2Dsensory%20impairment%22.<br><br>https://www.cde.state.co.us/cdesped/sd-db_factsheetwp_guidelines_workingwithchildren#:~:text=If%20you%20are%20teaching%20about,time%20to%20explore%20the%20object.<br><br>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkthqXO9IQM<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-05 16:31:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504035998</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>ADHD</title>
         <author>nelisagqiba0804</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504816735</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br>Attention deficit hyperactivity is characterized by pervasive developmentally inappropriate difficulties with attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). ADHD symptoms cause significant impairments at home and in school and are associated with a number of behavior difficulties such as aggression and non compliance. Research also suggests that children with ADHD are more likely than typically developing classmates to be rejecting socially and to have greater difficulties with their peers.<br>Assistive technology MOBERO – A MOBILE TOOL TO ESTABLISH HEALTHY MORNING AND BEDTIME ROUTINES MOBERO. MOBERO,is a mobile system that supports families of children with ADHD to change their family practices around morning and bedtime routines. Findings suggest that the positive changes in family practices related to parent rated frustration and conflict level around their child’s morning and bedtime routines, which MOBERO established in the intervention period, still positively affected the families one month after MOBERO had been taken away. <br><br>-<a href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?si=1&amp;Query=au:%22George+J.+DuPaul%22">George J. DuPaul</a>, <a href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?si=1&amp;Query=au:%22Lisa+L.+Weyandt%22">Lisa L. Weyandt</a>, <a href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?si=1&amp;Query=au:%22Grace+M.+Janusis%22">Grace M. Janusis</a>; Theory into Practice, Vol. 50, No. 1, Current Perspectives on Learning Disabilities and ADHD (Winter 2011), pp. 35-42<br><br></div><div>-Arthur D. Anastopoulos, Terri L. Shelton, George J. DuPaul, and David C. Guevremont. 1993. Parent training for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Its impact on parent functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 21, 5: 581--596. http://doi.org/10.1007/BF00916320</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-06 08:55:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504816735</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Emotional disability</title>
         <author>nelisagqiba0804</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504858030</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfOYlqlEgP4<br><br>"Emotional disability can be described as Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances; A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or. A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems".<br><br>There are four specific tools that may be used by both teachers and students to assist them with the task of monitoring behavior during assigned classroom tasks. These include (a) stop watches, (b) hand-held counters, (c) Palm devices, and (d) computer devices.&nbsp;<br>1. A stop-watch can relieve the burden of having to deal with time management, thus allowing him/ her to focus more directly on the academic task at hand.<br>2. Hand-held counters can assist with the cognitive task of counting words, paragraphs, math problems, and other tasks related to academic assignments.&nbsp;<br>3. A variety of Palm devices are currently available that enable a range of monitoring strategies for numerous classroom behaviors. These hand-held devices can be programmed with a series of questions related to the performance of a specific academic task, coupled with feedback to the student who responds to the question. For example, a Palm device could be programmed to present a series of steps to the student for completion of a classroom assignment. In each step, the student would (a) receive information regarding what was required, (b) be prompted to get additional information if there were questions, (c) input information/data regarding his/her performance of the task, (d) receive textual and auditory feedback regarding completion of the task, and (e) present the student with a record of his/her performance for that assignment and compare it to performance over time.&nbsp;<br>4. A software application enabling a student to measure his/her behavior while completing academic tasks is available using Microsoft® Excel. Teachers can create spreadsheets that allow students to enter performance data as it is obtained, and have charts or graphs displayed immediately, such that, student progress can be visually presented.&nbsp;<br><br>Assistive Technology Tools:&nbsp;<br>1. Reading- http://www.readplease.com http://www.softplatz.com/software/text-to-sp eech-software http://www.magnifiers.org/links/Download_ Software/Text-To-Speech_software/&nbsp;<br><br>2. Writing- http://www.donjohnston.com/catalog/writout d.htm http://atto.buffalo.edu/registered/Tutorials/IT 2/index.php http://www.synapseadaptive.com/textHELP/ TT/type_&amp;_talk_1.htm&nbsp;<br><br>3. Speech recognition- http://www.speechstudio.com/commercial/spee ch.htm ://www.speechstudio.com/commercial/spee<br><br>- Howard P. Parette, Jr. E. Paula Crowley Brian W. Wojcik ;Reducing Overload in Students with Learning and Behavioral Disorders: The Role of Assistive Technology;Published in TEACHING Exceptional Children Plus Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2007 .</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-06 09:32:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504858030</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Developmental delays</title>
         <author>nelisagqiba0804</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504934340</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5t88zBJkWLI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5t88zBJkWLI<br><br><br></a>"Children with developmental delays, including those with related neurobehavioral disorders such as <a href="https://nyulangone.org/conditions/autism-spectrum-disorder-in-children">autism spectrum disorder</a> and <a href="https://nyulangone.org/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-in-children">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</a>, often also have social, emotional, or behavioral delays." Due to differences in brain development, they may process information or react to their environment differently than children of the same age. These delays can have an impact on a child’s ability to learn, communicate, and interact with others.<br><br></div><div>It is common for children with developmental delays to have difficulty with social and emotional skills. For example, they may have trouble understanding social cues, initiating communication with others, or carrying on two-way conversations. They may also have difficulty dealing with frustration or coping with change. When the environment becomes too socially or emotionally demanding, children with developmental delays may have prolonged tantrums and take longer than other children to calm down. This behavior can be a signal that the child needs more support by modifying his or her environment or learning skills to cope with social and emotional challenges.<br><br>Some speech delays are receptive language disorders, in which a child has difficulty understanding words or concepts. Children with this type of speech delay may have trouble identifying colors, body parts, or shapes. Others are expressive language disorders, in which a child has a reduced vocabulary of words and complex sentences for his or her age. A child with this type of speech delay may be slow to babble, talk, and create sentences. Often, a child with a speech delay has a combination of receptive and expressive delays.<br><br>Assistive technology&nbsp; is one of the core strategies schools use to help with learning and thinking differences. Some adaptive tools are low-tech and some are pretty fancy. Here are some common examples.<br><br></div><div>1. Audio players and recorders</div><div>It may help your child to be able to listen to the words while reading them on the page. Many e-books have audio files, and smartphones and tablet computers come with text to speech software that can read aloud anything on your child’s screen. If kids struggle with writing or taking notes, an audio recorder can capture what the teacher says in class so they can listen to it again at home.<br>2.Timers can be used as visual aids to show how much time is left to complete an activity. If kids have difficulty transitioning from task to task, timers can help them mentally prepare to make the switch.<br>3. <br>Reading guides are good tools for kids who have trouble with visual tracking or who need help staying focused on the page. The plastic strip highlights one line of text while blocking out surrounding words that might be distracting. The strip is also easy to move down the page as your child reads.<br>4. An inflatable seat cushion can help kids with sensory processing&nbsp; and attention issues. The cushion can provide enough movement and stimulation to help a child maximize focus without having to get up and walk around.<br>5. If a child has trouble with writing, they can use plastic pencil grips or a computer. Basic word processing programs come with features that can help with spelling and grammar issues. For students whose thoughts race ahead of their ability to write them down, different kinds of software can help. With word prediction software, your child types the first few letters and then the software gives word choices that begin with that letter. Speech recognition software allows your child to speak and have the text appear on the screen.<br><br>-The Effects of Developmental Delay on Sustained Attention in Young Children; <a href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?si=1&amp;Query=au:%22Joanne+B.+Krakow%22">Joanne B. Krakow</a>, <a href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?si=1&amp;Query=au:%22Claire+B.+Kopp%22">Claire B. Kopp<br></a>.Child Development, Vol. 54, No. 5, Infants at Risk (Oct., 1983), pp. 1143-1155. Accessed: March 6, 2023.<br>-&nbsp;https://nyulangone.org/conditions/developmental-delays-in-children/types- Accessed March 6th 2023.<br><br></div><div><br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-06 10:30:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2504934340</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505056316</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>A person who is not able to hear as well as someone with normal hearing – hearing thresholds of 20 dB or better in both ears – is said to have hearing loss. Hearing loss may be mild, moderate, severe, or profound. It can affect one ear or both ears and leads to difficulty in hearing conversational speech or loud sounds.<br><br>Reference:<br>https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-06 12:20:40 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505056316</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505139227</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li><strong>Acoustics. </strong>When a teacher stays in one place, children who are deaf/hard of hearing can be placed close to them. But they still may not hear other students across the room, or pinpoint where a sound is coming from.</li><li><strong>Background Noise. </strong>For kids with mild to moderate hearing loss, background noise can be their biggest enemy. Since many classrooms are now a hum of busy activity all day long, it’s much more likely these kids will miss or have difficulty hearing instructions or feedback.</li><li><strong>Back-lighting.</strong> For students who lip-read or work with a sign language interpreter, sitting facing a window or other strong light source makes it hard or impossible to see what’s being said.</li><li><strong>Note-taking.</strong> Taking notes while a teacher talks is a nearly futile task for children who are deaf/hard of hearing.</li><li><strong>Make eye contact, speak clearly and normally, but don’t shout.</strong><br>Always be sure you have the lip readers’ attention. Ask if it’s okay to touch their arm if you need them to look at you. Form your words clearly, and if you’re a fast talker, make an effort to slow down just a bit. (All your students will benefit from this.) Talk in a normal tone of voice; shouting can actually distort your mouth.</li><li>Lip readers should be able to see all the faces in the classroom during discussions.</li><li><strong>Give hearing-impaired students a moment to identify who is speaking.</strong><br>During discussions, new speakers should allow a moment for those who are deaf/hard of hearing to turn their way before talking. Avoid talking over one another so they can focus on one person at a time.</li></ul><div>References:&nbsp;<br>https://www.weareteachers.com/children-deaf-hard-of-hearing/</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.weareteachers.com/children-deaf-hard-of-hearing/" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-06 13:26:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505139227</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Assistive Technology </title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505151212</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>*The simplest AAC device is a picture board or touch screen that uses pictures or symbols of typical items and activities that make up a person’s daily life.&nbsp;<br><br>*Keyboards, touch screens, and sometimes a person’s limited speech may be used to communicate desired words. Some devices employ a text display. The display panel typically faces outward so that two people can exchange information while facing each other. Spelling and word prediction software can make it faster and easier to enter information.<br><br>*Speech-generating devices go one step further by translating words or pictures into speech.<br><br><br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-06 13:34:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505151212</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Media/Visuals</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505154908</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://youtu.be/iHkFfq_174w</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://youtu.be/iHkFfq_174w" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-06 13:36:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505154908</guid>
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         <title>Citations</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505158584</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss<br><br>https://youtu.be/iHkFfq_174w<br><br>https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/assistive-devices-people-hearing-voice-speech-or-language-disorders</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-06 13:38:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505158584</guid>
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         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505264985</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Orthopedic impairment is defined as a child’s disability relating to a bone, joint, or muscle, that is severe enough to directly affect the child’s educational performance. It can be caused by many different factors including genetic abnormalities, disorders such as cerebral palsy, or an injury that has caused a missing limb or has impaired a muscle.<br><br></div><div>The extent to which a child’s education is affected can vary greatly, depending on the level of impairment. Many children with an <a href="https://www.drbillhefley.com/services-specialties/">orthopedic impairment</a> do still have normal cognitive abilities, so these children require mainstream education wherever possible and in the least restrictive environment as appropriate.<br><br>Reference:<br>https://www.drbillhefley.com/what-is-an-orthopedic-impairment/</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.drbillhefley.com/what-is-an-orthopedic-impairment/" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-06 14:40:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2505264985</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507275441</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>As with most students with disabilities, the classroom accommodations for students with orthopedic impairments will vary dependent on the individual needs of the student. Since many students with orthopedic impairments have no cognitive impairments, the general educator and special educator should collaborate to include the student in the general curriculum as much as possible.<br><br></div><div>In order for the student to access the general curriculum, the student may require these accommodations:<br><br></div><ul><li>Special seating arrangements to develop useful posture and movements</li><li>Instruction focused on development of gross and fine motor skills</li><li>Securing suitable augmentative communication and other assistive devices</li><li>Awareness of medical condition and its affect on the student (such as getting tired quickly)</li></ul><div>Because of the multi-faceted nature of orthopedic impairments, other specialists may be involved in developing and implementing an appropriate educational program for the student. These specialists can include:<br><br></div><ul><li>Physical Therapists who work on gross motor skills (focusing on the legs, back, neck and torso)</li><li>Occupational Therapists who work on fine motor skills (focusing on the arms and hands as well as daily living activities such as dressing and bathing)</li><li>Speech-Language Pathologists who work with the student on problems with speech and language</li><li>Adapted Physical Education Teachers, who are specially trained PE teachers who work along with the OT and PT to develop an exercise program to help students with disabilities</li><li>Other Therapists (Massage Therapists, Music Therapists, etc.)</li></ul><div><br>Reference:<br>http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/orthopedic-impairments/</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/orthopedic-impairments/" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:23:55 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507275441</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assistive Tech</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507277290</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Assistive Technology</div><div>Due to the various levels of severity of orthopedic impairment, multiple types of assistive technology may be used. As with any student with a disability, the assistive technology would need to address a need of the student to be able to access the educational curriculum. For students with orthopedic impairments, these fall into three categories:<br><br></div><div>Devices to Access Information: These assistive technology devices focus on aiding the student to access the educational material. These devices include:<br><br></div><ul><li>speech recognition software</li><li>screen reading software</li><li>augmentative and alternative communication devices (such as communication boards)</li><li>academic software packages for students with disabilities</li></ul><div>Devices for Positioning and Mobility: These assistive technology devices focus on helping the student participate in educational activities. These devices include:<br><br></div><ul><li>canes</li><li>walkers</li><li>crutches</li><li>wheelchairs</li><li>specialized exercise equipment</li><li>specialized chairs, desks, and tables for proper posture development</li></ul><div><br>Reference:<br>http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/orthopedic-impairments/</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/orthopedic-impairments/" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:25:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507277290</guid>
      </item>
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         <title>Media/Visuals</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507280145</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://youtu.be/qDLzN33CiHE</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://youtu.be/qDLzN33CiHE" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:27:21 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507280145</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Definition</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507282552</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>What is traumatic brain injury?</div><div>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) happens when a sudden, external, physical assault damages the brain. It is one of the most common causes of disability and death in adults. TBI is a broad term that describes a vast array of injuries that happen to the brain. The damage can be focal (confined to one area of the brain) or diffuse (happens in more than one area of the brain). The severity of a brain injury can range from a mild concussion to a severe injury that results in coma or even death.<br><br></div><div>What are the different types of TBI?<br><br>Reference:<br>https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/traumatic-brain-injury</div><div>Brain injury may happen in one of two ways:<br><br></div><ul><li><strong>Closed brain injury.</strong> Closed brain injuries happen when there is a nonpenetrating injury to the brain with no break in the skull. A closed brain injury is caused by a rapid forward or backward movement and shaking of the brain inside the bony skull that results in bruising and tearing of brain tissue and blood vessels. Closed brain injuries are usually caused by car accidents, falls, and increasingly, in sports. Shaking a baby can also result in this type of injury (called shaken baby syndrome).<br><br></li><li><strong>Penetrating brain injury.</strong> Penetrating, or open head injuries happen when there is a break in the skull, such as when a bullet pierces the brain.<br><br></li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/traumatic-brain-injury" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:28:55 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507282552</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Citations</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507284367</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/orthopedic-impairments/</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/orthopedic-impairments/" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:30:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507284367</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Strategies</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507290749</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>CLASSROOM&nbsp;<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Have student sit near the instructor.</li><li>Maintain eye contact during instructions.</li><li>Avoid areas near doors, windows, and traffic patterns.</li><li>Organize the work area by reducing clutter of furniture, supplies, and décor.</li><li>Reduce background noise by experimenting with ear plugs, ear muffs/phones, or introducing background sound such as, white noise or a walkman with soft music.</li><li>Reduce environmental and situational triggers (changes in routine, structure, noise, clutter, activity, fatigue, stress, frequent transitions, etc.).</li><li>Have a buddy, aide, or tutor assist the student with strategies.</li><li>Provide opportunities for the student to take breaks.</li><li>Use a written or picture schedule and check off progress.</li></ul><div><strong>LECTURE<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Connect new learning to prior knowledge.</li><li>Use clearly defined, meaningful objectives.</li><li>Increase interest with new, stimulating activities.</li><li>Break assignments into smaller and shorter segments.</li><li>Limit the amount of information on worksheets, notes, etc.</li><li>Use verbal and visual cues.</li><li>Shorten the length of communication to the student, focusing on the essential or most important parts.</li><li>Give time after a long direction or between parts of a direction for the student to “digest” what you have said.</li><li>If the student appears “blank” or is not doing what you have asked, repeat the main points. Do not elaborate or add details.</li><li>Use real materials and hands-on activities as much as possible to supplement written or lecture material.</li><li>Use multi-sensory or multi-modal techniques.</li><li>While maintaining a degree of confidentiality, assist the student by identifying a classmate to share notes. Make E-notes available on your website.</li><li>Have your syllabus available at your website and ensure that the assignment schedule and calendar is listed.</li></ul><div><strong>EXAMS<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Offer practice tests that will reflect the type of questions that will be asked on quizzes and exams.</li><li>Provide a study guide in advance that reflects the format as well as the content of the exam.</li></ul><div><br></div><div>Extended time for in-class assignments or exams (time and one half is reasonable).<br><br></div><div>Allow testing in a quiet room. Be aware that distractions while taking the test in the classroom are due to students finishing early, getting up to turn in exams, and then packing up to leave.<br><br>Reference:<br>https://www.ccaurora.edu/mycca/web/accessibility/teaching-strategies/tbi</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:34:49 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507290749</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assistive Tech</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507298874</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Speech Generating Devices</strong></div><ul><li><a href="https://www.spectronics.com.au/catalogue/gotalk-communication-device-series">GoTalks</a><br>GoTalks are a type of speech generating devices. GoTalks are offered with various amounts of communication options and sizes.<br><br></li></ul><div><strong>Recording Devices<br></strong>Many smartphones have recording capabilities, but often the sound recordings are not high quality. Other options include:</div><ul><li><a href="https://www.sony.com/electronics/voice-recorders/icd-ux530">Sony ICD-UX530 Series Voice Recorder</a><br>This discrete voice recorder has a built in USB for easy transfer of audio recordings.</li><li><a href="https://tascam.com/us/product/dr-05x/top">TASCAM DR-05X Portable Digital Recorder</a><br>One benefit of this recording device is it does not change pitch when the playback speed is changed.<br><br></li></ul><div><strong>Writing Assistance</strong></div><ul><li><a href="https://www.nuance.com/dragon.html">Dragon Naturally Speaking</a><br>This speech-recognition software can assist those whose oral skills are more advanced than their writing skills. Dragon NaturallySpeaking allows users email, post on social media, dictate homework, and more.</li><li><a href="http://donjohnston.com/cowriter/">Co:Writer Universal</a><br>Co:Writer is a word prediction program that can be used across multiple devices and in word processing applications. Word prediction helps users expand their vocabulary and more easily express their thoughts through writing by predicting what word the user will write next and giving them multiple options.</li></ul><div>Reference:<br>https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=497977&amp;p=3409451</div><div><br></div><div><br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:40:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507298874</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Media/Visuals</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507304299</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://youtu.be/dVRc0hVcGg0</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:44:19 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Citations</title>
         <author>zsamima</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/moncadafernanda1612/ae0pk9b78iael6rm/wish/2507304667</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=497977&amp;p=3409451<br><br>https://www.ccaurora.edu/mycca/web/accessibility/teaching-strategies/tbi<br><br>https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/traumatic-brain-injury</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=497977&amp;p=3409451" />
         <pubDate>2023-03-07 17:44:37 UTC</pubDate>
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