Chapter 2 by Lexie Odegard

Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 13:50:04 UTC

-Electrons are negatively charged particles that are in constant motion

-Protons are positively charged

-Neutrons carry no charge

Atomic Number/Mass Number

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 13:57:49 UTC

Number of protons in a nucleus

Polarity

17snowjai — 2014-09-09 13:58:50 UTC

Having both negative and positive polls opposite of each other on an atom.

Isotope

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 14:00:46 UTC

Atoms of the same element that differ in the

number of neutrons

Chemical Compunds/Chemical Bonds

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 14:06:35 UTC

Chemical compounds are substances consisting of two or more different chemical elements

Chemical bonds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms

- Ionic Bond: formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

-Covalent Bond: bond between atoms in which electrons are shared

Cohesion/Adhesion

17snowjai — 2014-09-09 14:08:45 UTC

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same substance.

Adhesion is the attraction between molecules of different substances.

Heat Capacity

17snowjai — 2014-09-09 14:18:55 UTC

The amount of heat added to change the temperature of a object.

Van der Walls Forces

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 14:23:51 UTC

Slight attraction that develops between

oppositely charged regions of nearby

molecules

Solutions vs. Suspention

17snowjai — 2014-09-09 14:27:50 UTC

Solution is a mixture in which a substance (solvent) dissolves.

Suspension is a mixture of liquids with particles of a solid that do not dissolve in the solution.

Hydrogen Bond

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 14:29:12 UTC

Attraction between a hydrogen atom with a partial

positive charge and another atom with a partial negative charge

Acids and Bases (pH scale)

17snowjai — 2014-09-09 14:35:52 UTC

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity in a substance measured between 0-14.

It indicates the concentration of H(+) ions and OH(-) ions in a solution.

Acidic- to be below a 7 on the pH scale. Strong acids range from 1-3 on the pH scale.

Basic- to be above a 7 on the pH scale. Strong bases range from 11-14 on the pH scale.

To be a 7 on the pH scales means the balance is equal with H(+) and OH(-) ions.

Buffers

17odeglex — 2014-09-09 14:36:29 UTC

Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids

or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH