• Soft-bodied

• No bones

• Bilateral symmetry

• Eight arms with suckers

• Flexible and adaptable

• Development of a complex nervous system.

• Advanced brain structure for problem-solving and memory.

• Highly flexible, muscular arms with suction cups.

• Loss of external shell for increased mobility.

• Evolution of a specialized beak for feeding.

• Advanced camouflage abilities using chromatophores.

• Octopuses reproduce sexually.

• Males use a specialized arm to transfer sperm to females.

• Females lay eggs in clusters.

• The female guards the eggs until they hatch.

• After reproduction, both the male and female typically die.

• Most octopuses live 1 to 2 years.

• Some species can live up to 5 years.

• Over 300 species of octopus exist.

• Octopuses use their beak to break open prey.

• They have a radula, a tongue-like structure, to scrape food.

• They release digestive enzymes to break down food.

• Nutrients are absorbed in the stomach and intestines.

• Octopuses have three hearts.

• They can change color and texture.

• They have blue blood.

• Development of tissue-level organization:

  • Muscles

  • Nerves

  • Mouth and gastrovascular cavity

  • Hydrostatic skeleton

  
  

Stinging tentacles to capture prey

Food enters the mouth into the gastrovascular cavity for digestion

Waste expelled back through the mouth