English 100 by b https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a en-us 2016-10-17 21:30:30 UTC 2016-10-18 17:58:44 UTC hello@padlet.com Double-click anywhere on this page and post two relevant pieces of information that have not already been posted ... bpashaie https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131316395 2016-10-17 21:34:32 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131316395 Reducing Poverty via Minimum Wages, Alternatives. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322481 http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=4&sid=17112bde-d30b-44f0-a518-89b53b93aaeb%40sessionmgr4009&hid=4204&bdata=JmxvZ2luLmFzcCZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=112004119&db=f5h

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  • Fourteen states begin the new year with higher minimum wages. Of those, 12 states increased their rates through legislation passed in the 2014 or 2015 sessions, while two states automatically increased their rates based on the cost of living.

    • ]]>     2016-10-17 22:32:12 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322490     California to Raise Minimum Wage to $15 an hour by 2022 https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322526 http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/29/business/economy/15-hour-minimum-wage-in-california-plan-has-some-worried.html]]> 2016-10-17 22:32:37 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322526 https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322545 2016-10-17 22:32:50 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322545 Some fast-food workers are "demanding $15.00 per hour" for their work, and recently many such workers walked off the job to show they're serious. Some call that rate a "living wage." https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322576 2016-10-17 22:33:06 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322576 Minimum wageA minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers may legally pay to workers. Equivalently, it is the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor. Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322585 2016-10-17 22:33:12 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322585 https://www.whitehouse.gov/raise-the-wage https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322594 “Of course, nothing helps families make ends meet like higher wages…and to everyone in this Congress who still refuses to raise the minimum wage, I say this: If you truly believe you could work full-time and support a family on less than $15,000 a year, go try it. If not, vote to give millions of the hardest-working people in America a raise.” –President Obama, State of the Union address, Jan. 20, 2015

    ]]>     2016-10-17 22:33:20 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322594     The Effects of Minimum Wages on Employment. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322604 http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=5&sid=17112bde-d30b-44f0-a518-89b53b93aaeb%40sessionmgr4009&hid=4204&bdata=JmxvZ2luLmFzcCZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=111900823&db=f5h]]> 2016-10-17 22:33:25 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322604 5 More States Are Voting on Raising the Minimum Wage https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322628 http://fortune.com/2016/10/17/5-states-voting-raising-minimum-wages/]]> 2016-10-17 22:33:36 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322628 Protests on Wednesday aimed at raising pay for low-wage workers reached 230 cities. A key focus of the rallies has been fast-food restaurants, which pay some of the lowest wages in the United States. The slogan "Fight for $15" urges an ambitious goal: $15 an hour even at a McDonald's. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322629 2016-10-17 22:33:36 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322629 New York became the second state to pass a new law that would raise the minimum wage in New York City to $15 per hour by the end of 2018. Washington D.C. followed suit, enacting a law to raise the minimum wage in the District to $15 per hour by July 1, 2020. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322637 2016-10-17 22:33:38 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322637 http://www.nber.org/papers/w6127 https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322672  . The evidence indicates that in the wake of minimum wage increases, some families gain and others lose. On net, the various tradeoffs created by minimum wage increases more closely resemble income redistribution among low-income families than income redistribution from high- to low-income families. Given these findings it is difficult to make a distributional or equity argument for minimum wages. ]]> 2016-10-17 22:33:53 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322672 https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322689 http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?disableHighlighting=true&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&currPage=&scanId=&query=&source=&prodId=OVIC&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&mode=view&catId=&u=cypressc&limiter=&display-query=&displayGroups=&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010431279&windowstate=normal&activityType=&failOverType=&commentary=true]]> 2016-10-17 22:34:00 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322689 Some scientists are even going so far as to say that raising the minimum wage will make us happier. The idea is that the end result would be fewer people in poverty—and that there’s a “mountain of evidence that supports the damaging impact of poverty upon the psychological, social and physical well-being of adults, children and communities,” says Laura Smith, a psychologist at Columbia University’s Teachers College, quoted in The Nation. But that conclusion could be flawed. If raising the minimum wage puts undue strain on small businesses (as well as large), there could be dire circumstances. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322694 2016-10-17 22:34:01 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322694 Time-Series Minimum-Wage Studies: A Meta-analysis https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322715 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2117925?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents]]> 2016-10-17 22:34:12 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322715 California’s Unprecedented Minimum Wage Increase Will Hurt Vulnerable WorkersBy James Sherk https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322727 http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2016/05/californias-unprecedented-minimum-wage-increase-will-hurt-vulnerable-workers]]> 2016-10-17 22:34:18 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322727 https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322736 The Minimum Data Set (MDS) is part of the U.S. federally mandated process for clinical assessment of all residents in Medicare or Medicaid certified nursing homes. This process provides a comprehensive assessment of each resident's functional capabilities and helps nursing home staff identify health problems.]]> 2016-10-17 22:34:23 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322736 Black markets and the Minimum wage legislation  https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322741 If you have a small job that you need done, but you cannot afford to pay the minimum wage, you might want to find someone who would be willing to work for below minimum wage, but cannot find a job at that rate, and hire him for a wage below minimum wage. But if this is illegal, you would hire "under the table", or in the black market. The job, wages, etc. would not be reported. No income or payroll taxes would be collected or reported.

    Hiring opportunities are inefficiently allocated amongst workers. Any outcome that is not the equilibrium outcome would be inefficient. If a minimum wage is effective, it would be set above equilibrium, where the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, an inefficient outcome.

    https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100926171707AAq7qg5]]>     2016-10-17 22:34:24 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322741     Sabia said that there are two key reasons why the minimum wage does not alleviate overall poverty the way that supporters believe that it will. The first reason is that minimum wages reduce the work available for low-skill workers:Many firms respond to minimum wage increases by substituting away from low-skilled labor and toward other inputs. For example, grocery stores may substitute away from cashiers and toward self-checkout systems or toward higher-skilled labor. If some near-poor, low-skilled workers lose their jobs or have their hours cut as a result of minimum wage increases, then their incomes may fall, resulting in a rise in poverty among these households.The vast majority of credible empirical evidence produced by labor economists … suggests that minimum wage increases reduce low-skilled employment. Estimates of the employment elasticity with respect to the minimum wage for low-skilled individuals generally range from -0.1 to as large as -0.3, suggesting that a 10 percent increase in the minimum wage reduces low-skilled employment by 1 to 3 percent.The second reason that minimum wages do not alleviate poverty is that few beneficiaries of minimum wage increases live in poor households. This fact surprised me when I first read about it, but that is what the data shows. Sabia notes:Advocates of minimum wage increases paint a vivid portrait of what they see as the typical minimum wage worker: a working single mother struggling to keep her family above the poverty line. But is this portrait accurate? Are most minimum wage workers poor or near poor?In fact, relatively few minimum wage workers live in poor households. In a new study, Burkhauser and I examine Census data, and find that workers earning between $7.25 and $10.10 per hour—workers who would be directly affected by [a] proposed federal minimum wage increase—overwhelmingly live in non-poor households. We find that only 13 percent of workers who would be affected live in poor households, while nearly two-thirds live in households with incomes over twice the poverty line, and over 40 percent live in households with incomes over three times the poverty line. Other research suggests that poor single-female headed households make up less than 5 percent of all affected workers. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322742 2016-10-17 22:34:24 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322742 The consequences of minimum wage laws Some new theoretical ideas https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322768 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0047272793014113]]> 2016-10-17 22:34:40 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322768 https://www.dol.gov/featured/minimum-wage/mythbuster https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322787 Myth: Raising the minimum wage will only benefit teens.

    Not true: The typical minimum wage worker is not a high school student earning weekend pocket money. In fact, 89 percent of those who would benefit from a federal minimum wage increase to $12 per hour are age 20 or older, and 56 percent are women.

    ]]>     2016-10-17 22:34:51 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322787     The Effect of The Minimum Wage on Employment and Unemployment https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322797 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2724487?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents]]> 2016-10-17 22:34:58 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322797 https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322828 The Minimum Data Set (MDS) is part of the U.S. federally mandated process for clinical assessment of all residents in Medicare or Medicaid certified nursing homes. This process provides a comprehensive assessment of each resident's functional capabilities and helps nursing home staff identify health problems.]]> 2016-10-17 22:35:12 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322828 How is it that a higher wage would hurt low-wage workers? It’s the law of unintended consequences. The minimum wage affects employers who largely hire from the entry-level work force. This year’s wage increase of 25 cents an hour translates to $10,000 in annual costs for a business with 20 minimum-wage employees.Businesses with small profit margins need to increase sales by hundreds of thousands of dollars to generate the profit to pay those costs.When businesses can’t make up those costs in increased sales, a real challenge in today’s anemic economy, they find other ways to cut expenses.They are forced to eliminate jobs or reduce employee hours. https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322878 2016-10-17 22:35:36 UTC https://padlet.com/bpashaie/100a/wish/131322878