Wuḍū'

• A purification process that every Muslim must perform before their prayer can be performed.

• Involves washing the face, arms, wiping the head and washing the feet.

Tayammum

• A substitution for wudu' using pure soil (clean from impurities).

• Purification (Ṭahārah)

• Covering the 'Awrah

• Facing the Qiblah

• Time of the Prayer

• Intention (Niyyah)

• Place of Prayer

• Combining 2 different fardhu prayers at one time (jama') and shortening the number of rakaat prayers (qasr) in travels.

Nawāfil

• Sunnah prayers observed before or after obligatory prayers.

During Illness

• Praying while standing for a short period.

• Praying while sitting.

• Praying with head movements.

• Praying while lying down.

• Jihad of the Heart/Soul (Jihad bin Nafs): The internal struggle against sin and effort to purify one's soul.

• Jihad by the Tongue (Jihad bil Lisan): Speaking the truth and spreading the message of Islam.

• Jihad by the Pen/Knowledge (Jihad bil Qalam/Ilm): Educating, writing, and disseminating Islamic knowledge.

• Jihad by the Hand (Jihad bil Yad): Taking action to rectify wrongs and implementing justice.

• Jihad through Wealth (Jihad bi al-Mal): Financially supporting Islamic causes and the needy.

• Jihad by the Sword (Jihad bis Saif): The armed struggle against persecution and aggression, under strict Islamic rules.

• Evaluating Actions: Regularly reviewing one's actions and behavior to ensure they align with Islamic principles.

• Assessing Intentions: Reflecting on the intentions behind actions to ensure they are done for the sake of Allah and not for worldly recognition or personal gain.

• Acknowledging Shortcomings: Identifying and acknowledging one's faults and areas of improvement.

• Seeking Forgiveness: Actively seeking forgiveness from Allah for any sins or wrongdoings committed.

• Setting Goals: Setting spiritual and ethical goals to strive towards better adherence to Islamic teachings.

• Gratitude: Expressing gratitude for blessings received and recognizing Allah's mercy and guidance.

• Continuous Improvement: Committing to continuous improvement and making efforts to avoid repeating past mistakes.

Muḥāsabah is a powerful tool for personal development that fosters a deeper consciousness of Allah in one's daily life, encouraging a believer to strive for excellence in character and deeds.

• Modesty in Appearance: Dressing modestly in accordance with Islamic guidelines, which involves covering the body appropriately and not wearing clothing that attracts undue attention.

• Chastity: Protecting one's chastity by avoiding unlawful sexual relations and adhering to Islamic rules regarding gender interaction.

• Decency in Behavior: Conducting oneself with decency and integrity in all interactions, whether in person or online, avoiding any form of behavior that could be considered indecent or inappropriate.

• Self-Control: Exercising self-control to resist temptations and desires that lead away from the path of righteousness, including avoiding haram (forbidden) substances like alcohol and drugs.

• Financial Integrity: Practicing honesty and restraint in financial matters, avoiding usury (interest), fraud, and any form of unjust gain.

• Guarding One’s Gaze: Lowering and controlling one's gaze from looking at forbidden things, an act of modesty that helps protect one's heart and mind from sinful thoughts.

• Privacy and Discretion: Maintaining privacy and discretion in personal affairs and respecting the privacy of others, avoiding gossip, backbiting, or spreading rumors.

ʿIffah is highly valued in Islam as it not only upholds the individual’s moral and spiritual purity but also contributes to the overall health, well-being, and harmony of the Muslim community. It reflects a conscious effort to live by Islamic principles, promoting a life of dignity, respect, and obedience to Allah.

Fasting teaches us patience through the passage of time without food. Besides, refraining us from backbiting, telling lies, insulting others or hurting them.

• Takrīm (Respect and deference)

Muslims will be more pious and know how to maintain self-control, while shielding our souls from greed and immorality. But, most importantly, the month teaches us how we can improve our connection with the Almighty.

• Raḥmah (Friendliness)

Fasting manifests the unity of muslims and fosters the gratitude of Allah's grace.

Al-Taḍḥiyyah, also known as Sacrifice, holds significant religious and cultural importance in Islam. It refers to the act of sacrificing an animal as an offering to God, typically during the Islamic holiday of Eid al-Adha.

This act of sacrifice is considered an expression of gratitude, obedience, and devotion to God, as well as an opportunity for Muslims to demonstrate their willingness to make sacrifices in the path of righteousness. It also serves as a reminder of the importance of charity and sharing with others, particularly those who are less fortunate.

• Taqwā (God Consciousness)

The concept of Taqwā is derived from the Arabic root word "waqa," which means to protect, safeguard, or shield oneself. In this context, Taqwā involves guarding oneself against sinful actions and behaviors that may distance one from God's mercy and favor.

Practicing Taqwā entails striving to live a righteous and upright life in accordance with Islamic teachings. This includes observing the five pillars of Islam (Shahada, Salah, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj), adhering to moral and ethical principles, avoiding sinful deeds, and striving to fulfill one's obligations to God and fellow human beings.