LEARNING ACTIVITY ONE by https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4 GROUP MEMBERS: Brayan Patricio Roman Piedra - Melanie Lizeth Rojas Zurita - Veronica Alexandra Romero Tapia - Yandry Alejandro Romero Ganan and Auria Yajahira Sarango Rivera en-us 2023-05-11 02:59:57 UTC 2023-05-17 02:09:20 UTC hello@padlet.com aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586454455 2023-05-11 03:14:10 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586454455 Phonology aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586455357 Phonology is the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of the sound patterns in a language. It focuses on the systematic organization and distribution of speech sounds and their rules of combination.]]> 2023-05-11 03:14:55 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586455357 Phonemics .- aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586455728 Study the sounds of two or more languages that are completely abstract. In other words, phoneme units are solid elements, they are consciously pronounced and change the meaning of the word. In the phoneme, the slash is used to divide into vowels and consonants.]]> 2023-05-11 03:15:14 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586455728 Phonemes aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586455892 They are the smallest unit of sound in speech and distinctive speech sounds. They make a difference to the meanings of words.

]]> 2023-05-11 03:15:22 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586455892 Phonetics aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586456023 It studies the sounds of the speech.
Acoustic properties.]]> 2023-05-11 03:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586456023 Allophones aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586457251 Allophones are different pronunciations of a phoneme used in a given context that usually keep diacritics and must be written between square brackets.]]> 2023-05-11 03:16:33 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586457251 EXAMPLES aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586461602 2023-05-11 03:20:09 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586461602 3.- Phoneme mergers: aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586463534 Phoneme mergers occur when two or more distinct sounds in a language become indistinguishable from each other. For example, in some dialects of American English, the sounds /æ/ and /ɛ/ have merged, so that "man" and "men" are pronounced with the same vowel sound.]]> 2023-05-11 03:21:46 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586463534 EXAMPLES: aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586463678 2023-05-11 03:21:53 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586463678 EXAMPLES: aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586463805 In this case we use the sound identifiers for the English language.]]> 2023-05-11 03:21:57 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586463805 Auria Yajahira Sarango Rivera aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586484706 2023-05-11 03:40:53 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2586484706 EXAMPLE 2 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588929951 Consonants
  • d: day.
  • dʒ: judge.
  • f: phone.
]]> 2023-05-12 16:23:24 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588929951 EXAMPLE 1 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588930523 Vowels
1.-E: read /riːd/
        feet  /fiːt/
    I: iceberg /ˈaɪs.bɜːɡ/]]> 2023-05-12 16:23:51 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588930523 EXAMPLE 3 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588931146
  • dʒ: just, large, judge
  • h: how, hellow.
  • j: yes, yellow.
  • ʃ: crash, she, wash.
  • t: toy, tea, getting.

    • ]]>     2023-05-12 16:24:25 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588931146     1.- Minimal pairs: aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588931958 A minimal pair is a pair of words that differ in only one sound, and that difference changes the meaning of the word. For example, "bat" and "cat" are minimal pairs because they differ in only one sound]]> 2023-05-12 16:25:06 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588931958 2.- Phonotactics: aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588932621 Phonotactics refers to the rules that govern the possible combinations of sounds in a language. For example, in English, the sound /ng/ can only appear at the end of a word (e.g., "sing," "thing") and not at the beginning or in the middle of a word.]]> 2023-05-12 16:25:41 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588932621 EXAMPLES: aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588934052 2023-05-12 16:26:34 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588934052 EXAMPLE 1 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588943226 The word "cat" has three phonemes:
    /c/
    /a/
    /t/]]>     2023-05-12 16:33:40 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588943226     EXAMPLE 2 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588943412 The word "pencil" has six phonemes:
    /p/
    /e/
    /n/
    /c/
    /i/
    /l/]]>     2023-05-12 16:33:52 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588943412     EXAMPLE 3 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588943597 The word "table" has five phonemes:
    /t/
    /a/
    /b/
    /l/
    /e/]]>     2023-05-12 16:34:01 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588943597     EXAMPLE 1 - FRONT VOWEL aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588952230             /ɛ/
    1.- deaf - / dɛf /
    2.- else - / ɛls /
    3.- any - / ˈɛn i /]]>     2023-05-12 16:42:20 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588952230     EXAMPLE 2 - Close Front Rounded Consonant aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588952385           /S/
    1.- see - / si /
    2.- speak - / spik /
    3.- sandwich - / ˈsænd wɪtʃ /    ]]>     2023-05-12 16:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588952385     EXAMPLE 3 - Open-close Open-back Rounded Vowel aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588952511           /ʌ/
    1.- blood - / blʌd /
    2.- flood - / flʌd /
    3.- duck - / dʌk /    ]]>     2023-05-12 16:42:38 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588952511     1.- Allophones of the phoneme [ɾ] aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588953409 In many dialects of English the /t/ of ‘writer’ and /d/ of ‘rider’ both emerge with a flap, [ɾ]. In those dialects, [ɾ] is an allophone of both /t/ and /d/.]]> 2023-05-12 16:43:31 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588953409 3.- Phoneme /k/ has two allophones: [k] and [kʰ]. aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588953529 /k/ is unaspirated following a /s/ consonant (e.g. skin /skɪn/ → [skɪn]) but aspirated in a word such as kin (/kɪn/ → [kʰɪn]). ]]> 2023-05-12 16:43:38 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588953529 2.- [l] and [ɫ] as allophones of the phoneme /l/ aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588953679 The lateral /l/ is velarized at the end of a word when it comes after a vowel as well as before a consonant. 
    For example: "feeling" [fiːlɪŋ] vs. "feel" [fiːɫ].

    ]]>     2023-05-12 16:43:49 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588953679     EXAMPLES aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588958829 2023-05-12 16:49:00 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588958829 EXAMPLE 1 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588962777  If a person says "I don't want any more cake" it presupposes that they have already had some cake. (Presupposition)

    ]]>     2023-05-12 16:52:45 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588962777     EXAMPLE 2 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588962927 1.- Greet
    2.- Express a complaint: if a child gets angry
    3.- Nonverbal communication: smile]]>     2023-05-12 16:52:56 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588962927     EXAMPLE 3 aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588963048 1.- Make an order
    2.- Request information
    3.- Humor]]>     2023-05-12 16:53:03 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2588963048     Brayan Patricio Roman Piedra Brayanroman https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2590627174 2023-05-15 03:40:16 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2590627174 Veronica Alexandra Romero Tapia aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2590673574 2023-05-15 04:26:13 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2590673574 Summary aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2590675477 1. What is Constrastive Analysis?
    It is a sub-discipline of linguistics that is focused on studying and finding differences and similarities between a pair of languages or more. It means that languages can be compared after that the results can be used in the teaching/learning process of languages.

    ¿WHAT IS THE NEED FOR CONTRANSITIVE LINGUISTIC?
    - Be concerned about the difficulties  on comparing the native and the foreign language.
    - Study bilingualism in languages.

    The main difference is that comparative linguistics makes a synchronous and diachronic comparison (historical perspective) between two similar languages, while contrastive linguistics seeks to compare the structures of two languages ​​to detect their differences maintains pedagogical objectives in language learning and teaching.

    Positive transfer.- When an element of L1 is present in L2, (easy acquisition)
    Negative transfer.- When errors in L1 hinder the acquisition of L2.

    ]]>     2023-05-15 04:28:08 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2590675477     EXAMPLES melanierojas378 https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2591955473 2023-05-15 22:13:19 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2591955473 Melanie Lizeth Rojas Zurita melanierojas378 https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2592050736 2023-05-16 00:25:18 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2592050736 Yandry Alejandro Romero Ganan yanlejorg https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2593423620 2023-05-16 17:05:08 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2593423620 Pragmatics aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2593693162 Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that deals with the study of language use in context, including how people use language to convey meaning, how context influences interpretation, and how people understand implied meanings in communication.]]> 2023-05-16 21:18:34 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2593693162 THE ORGANS OF THE SPEECH aysarango https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2593709236 They are 10: tongue, lips, teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate, soft palate or velum, pharynx, larynx, uvula and glottis.

    Furthermore, the palate is divided into hard palate and soft palate and the tongue is divided into lip, shoulder blade, anterior and posterior.

    ]]>     2023-05-16 21:43:57 UTC https://padlet.com/aysarango/a75ts0jq97j41ih4/wish/2593709236