Fillet of a fenny snake,

In the caldron boil and bake;

Eye of newt and toe of frog,

Wool of bat and tongue of dog,

Adder's fork and blind-worm's sting,

Lizard's leg and howlet's wing,

For a charm of powerful trouble,

Like a hell-broth boil and bubble.

Scale of dragon, tooth of wolf,
Witches' mummy, maw and gulf
Of the ravin'd salt-sea shark, Root of hemlock digg'd i' the dark,
Liver of blaspheming Jew,
 Gall of goat, and slips of yew
Silver'd in the moon's eclipse,
Nose of Turk and Tartar's lips,
Finger of birth-strangled babe
Ditch-deliver'd by a drab,
Make the gruel thick and slab:
 Add thereto a tiger's chaudron,  For the ingredients of our cauldron.

 

Double, double toil and trouble;

Fire burn and caldron bubble.

Cool it with a baboon's blood,

Then the charm is firm and good.

Shakespeare,Macbeth, IV.i 10-19; 35-38 

 
In the beginning, Jack was an innocent choir boy, trying to follow or rather lead the group and making it more organize and trying to be rescued, but nonetheless arrogant. Jack loves the idea of spending time on the island without any supervision; he is fueled with a thirst for more power, which lead him horrible things that would be considered terrible in the civilized world.For example; he wanted the title of chief simply because he thinks, he is the best for this work and that he thinks he should be the only chief saying “because I’m chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp.”[1] Jack started to protest, but the clamor changed from the general wish for a chief to an election by the acclaim of Ralph himself. When piggy is trying to say something, he would often be rude by saying "you're talking too much. Shut up fatty”[2]. When Ralph suggests that he led the hunters, Jack immediately takes charge and instructs them to take off their togs. Jack is in a convivial and cooperative mood when he, Ralph and Simon go off to establish whether they are on an island. When they encounter a trapped piglet, Jack draws his knife ,but is unable to kill it and allowed the animal to escape. The more immersed he becomes in the idea of hunting, the more stubborn and uncooperative he becomes. When he and the hunters allow the fire to go out at the most crucial point, when a ship is seen on the horizon, and he is confronted, he lashes out violently. He hits Piggy in the stomach and on the head, sending his glasses flying. He and his hunters have finally killed a pig and are proud of their achievement. Piggy's reminder of their neglect humiliates him, and he responds savagely.

During the middle of the story and the end, Jack attitude and behavior changed to be tremendously ruthless and savage. He had pretty much lost ideologies about civilization. He decided to quit Ralph’s group because his ruling was unacceptable, and called other boys to join him in a hunt, all he wanted his to hunt and did not care to be rescued. It is in chapter five when the storm breaks. It is here that Jack expresses his disgust for the rules. In his confrontation with Ralph during talk about 'a beast,' and Piggy's sharp criticism about hunting and 'letting out fires' he starts talking without having the conch. When Ralph reminds him of the rules, he asks 'Who cares?' When Ralph reminds him that the rules are the only thing they have, he shouts:

“Bollocks to the rules! We’re strong—we hunt! If there’s a beast, we’ll hunt it down! We’ll close in and beat and beat and beat—!”[3]. Jack’s innate savagery has taken control of him. His lust for killing and blood has made him irrational. He has become aggressive and rebellious. In chapter eight, he finally decides to leave the group and go out on his own. He is humiliated when he asks the group about who does not want Ralph to be chief and no one responds. His hunters soon join him, and the boys are later separated into two distinct groups when others also decide to join him. After this, Jack and his followers know no bounds. They become beasts of prey and their actions result in the deaths of Simon and Piggy, the destruction of the conch, the capture of Sam, Eric and the hunt for Ralph. 

 

Jack has gone from being a civilized English schoolboy to a ramp, bloodthirsty predator; the animal which Simon and Piggy intimated they all had inside. The person's behavior came because good of evil; depending on the reasons and the circumstance. Everyone has a part of good and evil within them. Golding once asserted in an interview that the theme of Lord of the Flies is "an attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature. The moral is that the shape of society must depend on the ethical nature of the individual and not on any political system, however apparently logical or respectable."[4] 

Plants are very important not only for food also for oxygen, wood, medical usage, and our environment. Pesticides are substances or mixtures of substances that are mainly used in agriculture or in public health protection programs in order to protect plants from pests, weeds or diseases, here are example of pesticides : Herbicides, fungicides, fertilizer and rodenticides are used to get aesthetically better harvest and more plants by killing weeds and pests. Triazines, such as atrazine, simazine, and ametryn, are another class of chemical pesticides that have been related to endocrine-disrupting effects and reproductive toxicity. Their chemical composition causes immense trouble for the environment are living beings by, for example by: Creating negative repercussions on the environment, creating resistance to pesticides which leads to complications and causing side effects on living beings. 

 “The arrival of humans in an area, for living or for conductive purpose agriculture, will always have environmental impacts.”[1] These range from simple crowding out of wild plants in favor of more desirable cultivars to larger scale impacts such as reducing biodiversity or by reducing food availability of native species, which can propagate across food chains as well as air pollution and water pollution, for example: Pesticides can kill bees and are strongly implicated in pollinator decline which reduce plant reproductions. 

 

“Less than 1% of the total amount of pesticides applied for weeds and pests’ control, reach the desired pests or effect.”[2]. Other problems emerge from poor production, transport and storage practices. Over time, repeated application increases pest resistance, while its effects on other species can facilitate the pest resurgence. With the repeat used of the same pesticide (herbicide, fungicide etc.) As Studies shows, pests and weeds become resistant by evolving physiological changes that protect them from the chemical which leads to: Very costly, more pollution and diseases.

 

Pesticides are poisons and, unfortunately, they can harm more than just pests at which they are targeted. They are toxic, and exposure to pesticides can not only cause a number of health effects,” A July 2007 study conducted by researchers at the Public Health Institute, the California Department of Health Services, and the UC Berkeley School of Public Health found a sixfold increase in risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) for children of women who were exposed to organochlorine pesticides .”[3]They are linked to a range of serious illnesses and diseases in humans such as: Several types of cancers (respiratory cancer), asthma, diabetes, Alzheimer diseases, autism and learning issues, interference with hormones which leads to hormonal imbalance. They enter the body through inhalation, dust and vapor that contain them; through oral exposure by consuming food and water; and through skin exposure by direct contact. They impact women’s health more, especially pregnant women by: Contaminate an unborn child for a parent, death of the fetus, altered growth and abnormal organ function . Children are more exposed to pesticides by crawling in the area and for a fact, children have more breath per min than adults. Since they play in areas such as parks, playgrounds where pesticides are used, also their skin absorb them easier than adults, which lead to problems such as: tissue growth, organ development, irreversible effects and suffer of asthma autism and even blindness.

 

They are used for better harvest, but they do more harm them good by: Creating environmental problems, side effects of living being heath and resistance to pesticides which leads to even more pollution. In conclusion pesticide should be banned and replaced with more healthy and natural options as well as behaviors to combat its effect such as: grubbing-up, sticky traps, better testing, protection children, reduce the usage of any pesticide and protection the workers.