Cultural Practices:
People passed down knowledge and traditions through oral storytelling, dances, music, tattoos, and weaving. These practices expressed identity and beliefs, but there were no tools like cameras to record or preserve them visually.

Cultural Losses:
Because the camera didn’t exist, much of the rich culture from this time wasn’t recorded and is now hard to recover. Many traditions disappeared without visual evidence.

Cultural Inventions:
When photography arrived, it was first used by colonizers to document the country and its people. It later became a tool for Filipino revolutionaries to spread their cause and preserve historical moments. Early studio portraits and photos of daily life started to appear.

Cultural Losses:
Cameras were also used to control and shape how Filipinos were seen. Many native people were shown in ways that made them look uncivilized, supporting the idea that colonization was necessary. Indigenous culture was often ignored or misrepresented.

Cultural Inventions:
Cameras are now used for creative expression, personal memories, and social media. Photography is also used in journalism, protests, and preserving culture. People use it to record traditions, festivals, and even endangered practices like weaving or local rituals.

Cultural Losses:
Some cultural traditions become overly commercialized or changed just to look better on camera. Because of trends and filters, some images may not show the true meaning of the culture. There’s also a risk that people rely too much on images and forget real-life participation.