Research Methods 2 by Ayşehan Tuzci https://padlet.com/tuzciaysehan/9zwkjkoaoubbk0t en-us 2023-03-12 22:50:49 UTC 2025-10-30 13:33:59 UTC hello@padlet.com Lecture of Week 4 Reflection tuzciaysehan https://padlet.com/tuzciaysehan/9zwkjkoaoubbk0t/wish/2535040458 In this week's lesson, we covered behavioral theories, positivism, and the tautological approach. I learned that the behavioral approach is that the behaviors that can be observed in people are the interactions and gains learned from certain reasons or the environment. Behavioral theory is based on observation and experimentation. They can be tested against observation, and in this respect they have been strongly influenced by positivism. One of the examples we give in the course is that people pray, fast during Ramadan, and make their worship more intense during this process because there are environmental factors, achievements and observability. On the other hand, a concept we are discussing is the tautological approach. The tautological approach is that propositions always give the correct result. We have discussed and given examples as falsifiable or non-falsifiable, I am still confusing these two concepts, but I think it will be better strengthened. We gave an example through swans. It cannot be fully tested that the proposition that all swans are white is partly tautological, that the word white and swan are independent characteristics, and that the color white is a distinguishing factor for swans. As another example, it is falsifiable that single people are unhappy, but the fact that single people are unmarried is an irrefutable tautological theory. However, we touched on the Hegemonic stability theory, we watched a video. We talked about the fact that a single state dominates the world in hegemony and has power in every field makes the international system more stable. In general, we have covered our lesson on understanding examples and concepts. Next week we will study rationalist theory.

]]> 2023-03-28 13:29:04 UTC https://padlet.com/tuzciaysehan/9zwkjkoaoubbk0t/wish/2535040458 5th week before lecture tuzciaysehan https://padlet.com/tuzciaysehan/9zwkjkoaoubbk0t/wish/2543490636 This week we read and prepared texts on institutionalism, its rise, the seven types of theorist, and interpretive theory. Institutionalism is a political science. Comparison of constitutional, legal systems and governmental systems is the aim of political theories. The behavioral revolution changed some political theories. Behaviorists focus on how and why individuals do what they do in real life, instead of focusing on political organization, institutions, and some legal stuff. People from many different political views have advocated institutionalism. New institutionalism deals with both the formal and informal aspects of political life. While the traditional theorists use the descriptive induction method, the new theorists adopt the deductive approach. Rational choice rejects institutionalism, utility maximization, and the individual. They are more institutional and organizational patterns. However, our main title, institutionalism, is of seven types. They are divided into seven as Normative, Rational, Historical, Traditional, International, Sociological and finally Network institutionalists. These are explained in detail in the book. These types are people-oriented theories designed to solve the problems of institutions. Finally, I examined the differences of the new institutionalism from the old rational institutionalism, which shows that the new institutionalism is new.]]> 2023-04-04 10:09:11 UTC https://padlet.com/tuzciaysehan/9zwkjkoaoubbk0t/wish/2543490636 Feminism Reflection tuzciaysehan https://padlet.com/tuzciaysehan/9zwkjkoaoubbk0t/wish/2549992088 In this article, she talked about what kind of debates and transformations the masculine structure that dominates political culture creates in women and the political arena. First, feminism is not an approach that develops within the confines of the social sciences because it has not been integrated for a long time that it has been critical and destructive. Feminism is the social movement that emerged to recognize women's rights and protect these rights, to reveal women's power and to eliminate existing inequalities. The idea of feminism began to spread under separate headings and purposes as liberal, Marxist and radical feminism. Radical feminism has placed more emphasis on the oppression of women and patriarchy than on Liberal or Marxist feminism. They also focused on issues such as rape, domestic violence, and male oppression. In addition, feminism needs to appeal to women from all walks of life, regardless of religion, language or race, which has brought the existing class distinction back to the agenda. As all this continues to spread and take shape under different ideas, the concept of feminism and political science is being discussed. Almost all political science was male, the issue of women was ignored and they pursued a stereotypical sexist policy. As an activism of feminist ideas, women have begun to enter public spaces, which brings out the concept of "gendered" in public and politics. Feminist politicians, who emphasize the inadequacy of women in the field of traditional politics, have caused us to ask the questions of what women want and what they mean from politics. Radical feminists, who wanted to emphasize the interconnectedness of the public and private spheres, helped to put private issues such as domestic violence, abortion and babies on the agenda. Some feminist political theorists have also stated that women have the creative power to work in the public sphere. Finally, feminist political science has been and will continue to be a significant influence in determining the position of women in the political sphere. Women in the profession and in high politics have started to have many advantages and this situation continues.
 


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