• When education is teacher-centered, the classroom remains orderly. Students are quiet, and you retain full control of the classroom and its activities.
• Because students learn on their own, they learn independence and make their own decisions.
• Because you direct all classroom activities, you don’t have to worry that students will miss an important topic.

• When students work alone, they don’t learn to collaborate with other students, and their communication skills may suffer.
• Teacher-centered instruction can be boring for students. Their minds may wander, and they may miss important facts.
• Teacher-centered instruction doesn’t allow students to express themselves, ask questions, and direct their own learning.

• Students learn important communicative and collaborative skills through group work.
• Students learn to direct their own learning, ask questions, and complete tasks independently.
• Students are more interested in learning activities when they can interact with one another and participate actively.

• Because students are talking, classrooms may often be noisy or chaotic.
• Teachers may have to attempt to manage all students’ activities at once, which can be difficult when students are working on different stages of the same project.
• Because the teacher doesn’t always deliver instruction to all students at once, some students may miss important facts.
• Some students prefer to work alone, so group work can become problematic.

•   Essentialist educators focus on transmitting a series of progressively difficult topics and promoting students to the next level or grade. 
•  Essentialism tries to instill all students with the most essential or basic academic knowledge and skills and character development. 
• Essentialists believe that teachers should try to embed traditional moral values and virtues such as respect for authority, perseverance, fidelity to duty, consideration for others, and practicality and intellectual knowledge that students need to become model citizens.

• *They recommend that students learn from reading and analyzing the works by history's finest thinkers and writers
• The goal of a perennial education is to teach students to think rationally and develop minds that can think critically.
• Perennialists are primarily concerned with the importance of mastery of the content and the development of reasoning skills.
• Perennialist classrooms are also centered on teachers in order to accomplish these goals. 

• Progressivism revolves around the students' needs, including teaching students to be good citizens as well as good learners, a concept known as focusing on the whole child.
• Progressivists believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental to one's education.
•  Progressivists center their curricula on the needs, experiences, interests, and abilities of students.
• Progressivist teachers try making school interesting and useful by planning lessons that provoke curiosity.

• Humanism places a great deal of emphasis on learner choice and control over their education.
• Learners are encouraged to focus on a specific subject of interest for any amount of time they choose, within reason.
• Learners must be motivated and engaged in the material they are learning, and this happens when the topic is something the students need and want to know.  

• Shared knowledge between teachers and students.
• Shared authority between teachers and students.
• Teachers act as a guide or facilitator.
• Learning groups consist of small numbers of students.
  
  

PHILOSOPHIES OF EDUCATION: 2 TYPES OF TEACHER-CENTERED PHILOSOPHIES (2016)

https://www.theedadvocate.org/philosophies-education-2-types-teacher-centered philosophies/#:

PHILOSOPHIES OF EDUCATION: 3 TYPES OF STUDENT-CENTERED PHILOSOPHIES (2016)

Which is Best: Teacher-Centered or Student-Centered Education? (2020) https://resilienteducator.com/classroom-resources/which-is-best-teacher-centered-or-student-centered-education/