OSTEOMALACIA by Alfiene Fajriyal https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu Disorder of Musculoskeletal System en-us 2022-05-12 14:04:34 UTC 2022-05-12 15:00:56 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f3e5.png Introduction to Musculoskeletal System alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181353652 The musculoskeletal system is a system that plays a role in supporting, protecting, and moving the body. The musculoskeletal system is made up of bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and muscles, which form the framework for the body. Its main function is to support the body, allow movement, and protect vital organs. There are 206 bones in the adult skeleton. 
The skeleton is divided into the:
·   Axial skeleton – comprising the skull, vertebral column, and the rib cage;
·   Appendicular skeleton – consisting of the pelvic and pectoral girdles, and the upper and lower limbs.
]]> 2022-05-12 14:23:53 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181353652 Introduction to Osteomalacia alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181362022 Osteomalacia is a disease with multiple etiologies primarily related to abnormal metabolism of vitamin D and secondarily to calcium and phosphate metabolism. Of the many causes, by far the most important relate to dietary vitamin D deficiency and the activation of vitamin D precursors by the kidney and sunlight. Osteomalacia is characterized pathophysiologically by a failure of normal mineralization of bone and epiphyseal cartilage and clinically by the skeletal deformity. Osteomalacia occurs in adults after the closure of the epiphyses, and its manifestations are often much less prominent.

]]> 2022-05-12 14:28:11 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181362022 Symptoms alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181369078 Often in the early stages, there aren’t any symptoms. Although signs of osteomalacia might show on an X-ray or other diagnostic tests. As osteomalacia progresses, it might develop bone pain and muscle weakness. However, as the condition progresses, osteomalacia can cause:
·   pain felt in the bones and joints
·   muscle pain and weakness, particularly following exercise
·   bones that break more easily, particularly those in the hips, lower back, and feet
·   difficulty walking and a change in how you walk – possibly with a waddle
·   muscle cramps
·   pins and needles in the hands and feet because of low calcium levels.

]]> 2022-05-12 14:31:54 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181369078 How is Osteomalacia Diagnosed? alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181377066 Because it doesn’t always cause symptoms, it’s common for people to have osteomalacia for two or three years before it’s diagnosed. A simple blood test is all that’s needed to make the diagnosis – the levels of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D are easily measured. ]]> 2022-05-12 14:36:17 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181377066 Risk Factor alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181379656 The risk of developing osteomalacia is highest in people who don't get enough dietary vitamin D and have little sun exposure, such as older adults and those who are housebound or hospitalized. If you have osteomalacia, you're more likely to break bones, particularly those in your ribs, spine and legs.]]> 2022-05-12 14:37:36 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181379656 Treatments alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181386562 Treatment of osteomalacia is primarily preventive and a balanced daily diet helps to prevent calcium deficiency. Patients suffering from osteomalacia can take vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate supplements, depending on the individual case. One possible way to get vitamin D levels is through exposure to sunlight, the biological help of the body that contains this vitamin. Increased sun exposure is often recommended for people with osteomalacia. Treatment of this disease is normal. One or more doses of vitamin D should be given and then daily supplementation (800-1000 IU/day).]]> 2022-05-12 14:41:10 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181386562 Foods that contain vitamin D alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181390446 If osteomalacia stems from not getting enough vitamin D, you can treat it by getting more in your diet through certain foods and supplements. it's like cereals, cheese, egg, fish (tuna, salmon, swordfish, sardines), liver, milk, orange juice (fortified with vitamin D), yogurt.]]> 2022-05-12 14:43:13 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181390446 What Should We Do to Having a Healthy Bone? alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181402712
  • having a diet rich in vitamin D and calcium
  • getting a healthy amount of sunshine
  • only drinking alcohol in moderation
  • not smoking
  • exercising regularly
  • maintaining a healthy weight.
    • ]]>     2022-05-12 14:50:08 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181402712     A Dose of Vitamin D alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181404427 If the osteomalacia is caused by vitamin D deficiency, a dose of 800-4000 IU/day is recommended, in addition to maintaining an intake of 1,000-2,000 mg/day. If the body absorbs vitamin D, doctors need to treat the cause, if possible. You will also need to take calcium and vitamin D in larger doses than the normal daily recommendation. To treat broken bones or deformed bones due to osteomalacia, your doctor will give you a brace to wear. If the problem is severe, you may need surgery. ]]> 2022-05-12 14:50:59 UTC https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181404427 sources : alfienefajriyal29 https://padlet.com/alfienefajriyal29/9x8vqcuz4i4k81qu/wish/2181420922 Jadvar, Hossein, et al. "Musculoskeletal system." Seminars in nuclear medicine. Vol. 34. No. 4. WB Saunders, 2004.

    Mayo Clinic. Osteomalacia: symptoms and causes. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/osteomalacia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355514. Diakses pada tanggal 12 Mei 2022

    Versus Arthritis. Osteomalacia. https://www.versusarthritis.org/about-arthritis/conditions/osteomalacia/. Diakses pada tanggal 12 Mei 2022
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