AP GOV Congress Review by victoriaruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3 PART 1 US House of Representatives & the US Senate. Qualifications, Powers en-us 2017-04-10 17:06:30 UTC 2023-10-31 11:58:58 UTC hello@padlet.com Reapportionment vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/165760409 happens every 10 years after the Census HOR seats are reapportioned (reallocated) ]]> 2017-04-10 19:14:43 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/165760409 Gerrymandering Explained vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/165760922 Districts are required to be equal or almost equal in population. There are 435 Representatives means each one represents an average of 700,000 people.]]> 2017-04-10 19:17:36 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/165760922 Markup vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245414225  A full committee session in which committee members offer changes to a bill before it goes to the floor. They then vote on the bill, and if it passes, it goes to the full house.  If this occurs in the HOR it goes to the Rules Committee.]]> 2018-03-23 12:20:17 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245414225 Hold vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245414446 A tactic by which a senator asks to be informed before a particular bill is brought to the floor.   This parliamentary procedure stops a bill from coming to the floor until the hold is removed.]]> 2018-03-23 12:21:03 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245414446 Filibuster vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245414796 A way of delaying or preventing action on a bill by using long speeches and unlimited debate to "talk a bill to death"

Filibusters can be stopped only if 60 senators vote for cloture to cut off debate.]]> 2018-03-23 12:22:03 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245414796 Cloture vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245416224 -vote to end debate ( a filibuster) means that an effective majority in the Senate is really 60 not 51]]> 2018-03-23 12:25:56 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245416224 Reconciliation: vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245416955 a procedure that allows consideration of controversial issues affecting the budget by limiting debate to 20 hours, thereby ending threat of a filibuster.]]> 2018-03-23 12:27:48 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245416955 Pork (short for Pork Barrel projects) vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245417188 legislation that allows representatives to bring money and jobs to their districts or states in form of public works programs, military bases, or programs.
Alot of the time it is a provision snuck into the bill without a committee]]> 2018-03-23 12:28:25 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245417188 Earmark- vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245417974 Funds that an appropriations bill designates for specific projects within or a state or congressional district.]]> 2018-03-23 12:30:26 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245417974 What is the difference between pork and earmarks? vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245418906 An earmark is simply apiece of legislation that directs funds to be spent on a specific project. It in no way applies the project is a bad idea or poor value for money. 

Pork is a term applied to
pork barrel projects & are more likely to benefit a smaller group generally benefits the lawmaker who is writing the bill & seen as poor value for the money.
Example  Alaska's  ‘bridge to nowhere’

]]> 2018-03-23 12:32:57 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245418906 Example of Pork Barrel Project Alaska's Bridge to Nowhere vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245421912 The bridge in Alaska that would connect the town of Ketchikan (population 8,900) with its airport on the Island of Gravina (population 50) at a cost to federal taxpayers of $320 million]]> 2018-03-23 12:41:02 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245421912 Senatorial courtesy- vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245423232 a custom in which presidents, when selecting federal judges, defer to the senators in whose state the vacancy occurs.]]> 2018-03-23 12:44:07 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245423232 Trustee- vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245423530 Role played by an elected representative who listens to constituents’ opinions and then uses his/her best judgment to make a final decision.]]> 2018-03-23 12:44:52 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245423530 Delegate Role vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245423804 Role played by an elected representative who votes the way constituents would want, regardless of his/her own opinion

]]> 2018-03-23 12:45:29 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245423804 Politico- vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245424038 Role played by an elected representative who acts as a trustee or as a delegate depending on the issue.]]> 2018-03-23 12:46:04 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245424038 Logrolling- vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245424282 vote trading; voting to support a colleague’s bill in return for a promise of future support.]]> 2018-03-23 12:46:36 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245424282 Qualifications vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245427111 2018-03-23 12:52:36 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245427111 Special Powers Given to HOR & Senate vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245428553 2018-03-23 12:55:28 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245428553 Money vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245429837 Incumbents usually able to raise more campaign contributions than their challengers]]> 2018-03-23 12:58:00 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245429837 Name recognition vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245430174 Incumbents are better known to voters than their challengers
Incumbents have opportunities in highly visible activities that are covered by local newspapers & TV]]> 2018-03-23 12:58:42 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245430174 Constituent Services vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245430748 Close link between constituent service & reelection.
Members of Congress able to win supporters by performing casework for their constituents & by bringing HOME MONEY & JOBS (PORK) for their district.]]> 2018-03-23 12:59:53 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245430748 casework- vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245431722 consists of helping individual constituents often by cutting through red tape.  Examples
helping a voter get Social Security benefits, or a veteran get services, or helping some with tax problems out with the IRS.]]> 2018-03-23 13:01:44 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245431722 Franking privilege vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245434800 members of Congress can mail newsletters to their constituents at government's expense
(means its free for them)]]> 2018-03-23 13:08:03 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245434800 Filibuster Video vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245437929 2018-03-23 13:14:35 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245437929 Gerrymandering vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245440634 1) protects incumbents & discourages challengers
2. Makes the majority party stronger while weakening the opposition party]]> 2018-03-23 13:19:53 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245440634 Leadership Structure in Congress vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245447842 2018-03-23 13:32:46 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245447842 How A Bill Becomes a Law vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245448308 2018-03-23 13:33:32 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245448308 Congressional Elections vdruss https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245448704 2018-03-23 13:34:12 UTC https://padlet.com/vdruss/9wj9ddovseh3/wish/245448704