e-Portfolio of Varieties of Inner- Circle Englishes by Nurdini Lafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6 IFFAH NUR DINI BINTI LAFZEE (2020492454) & TENGKU DANIAL BIN TENGKU ABDUL MALIK (2020479834) en-us 2021-05-03 06:49:57 UTC 2025-12-30 18:04:45 UTC hello@padlet.com FLAG OF WALES ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485395234 2021-05-03 14:20:45 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485395234 MAP OF WALES ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485405580 Wales is diverged by rivers and mountain ranges from England. The country is a big peninsula in western Britain (Wales profile- overview, 2017).]]> 2021-05-03 14:22:44 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485405580 BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF WALES ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485494499
  • Population: In 2018, this country has a population of over 3,138,000 people (Summary statistics, 2020).
  • Nearly half of them were located in South East Wales, which accounts for just 14% of Wales' total land area (Summary statistics, 2020).
  • Approximately, 364,000 citizens resided in Cardiff (most populated) and 60,000 citizens resided in Merthyr Tydfil (smallest populated) (Summary statistics, 2020).
    • ]]>     2021-05-03 14:39:26 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485494499     References ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485575351
    Wales map retrieved from: https://images.app.goo.gl/HQ6kjMzU9cnZbe3P6

    Flag Link: https://images.app.goo.gl/JkCLiU1RJDKBNthYA

    Brain, J. (n.d.). The Welsh Language. Historic UK. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofWales/Welsh-Language/

    Jacob, P. (2017). A Brief History of the Welsh Language. culture trip. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://theculturetrip.com/europe/united-kingdom/wales/articles/a-brief-history-of-the-welsh-language/

    Llywodraeth Cymru Welsh Government. (2020). Summary statistics for Wales, by region: 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/statistics-and-research/2020-05/summary-statistics-regions-wales-2020-629.pdf

    Robinson, J. (2019). Accents and dialects of Wales. British Library. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects/articles/accents-and-dialects-of-wales#

    Wales profile- Overview. (2017,
    June 15). BBC News. Retrieved May 3, 2021, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-21013279]]>     2021-05-03 14:54:59 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485575351     NATIONAL ANTHEM OF WALES ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485690859 Title: Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau (Land of My Fathers).

    Ingen. (2017, August 18). National Anthem of Wales: "Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau" (Land of My Fathers). Retrieved from: https://youtu.be/92Zq0kiHrwk    ]]>     2021-05-03 15:17:16 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485690859     DEMOGRAPHIC OF SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485851741
  • The speaker is a female and she is 36 years old.
  • She was born in Barry, South Wales and she spent three years on the Isle of Wright, 10 years in Manchester and about six years in Toronto. She then ended up in Essex before returning to Toronto, where she was at the time of recording.
  • She works as a vocalist and her education is A levels.
  • Her speech is influenced with Manchester, but, otherwise, there are no influencing factors.
    • ]]>     2021-05-03 15:46:40 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485851741     BACKGROUND OF THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485853033
  • In 1536, with Henry VIII's Act of Union in 1536 establishing English hegemony over Wales, the use of Welsh was effectively prohibited, and laws were passed to deprive the Welsh language of its official status which required people to speak in English in order to to find jobs and progress (Jacob, 2017).
  • In the eighteenth century, the entry of English Speakers into the country, which was largely due to the effects of the Industrial Revolution. This was a period of massive mass migration, and the English language rapidly flooded the workplace and the streets of Wales, swiftly becoming the standard language used by everyone (Brain, n.d.).
  • In the nineteenth century, English remained as the superior language as administration and business empire growth were being represented by it (Brain, n.d.).
  • In the twentieth century, the number of people who spoke English had risen to the point that the majority of people were bilingual (Robinson, 2019).
    • ]]>     2021-05-03 15:46:54 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1485853033     FLAG OF NEW ZEALAND tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488596074 2021-05-04 07:44:00 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488596074 MAP OF NEW ZEALAND tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488621427 New Zealand is located in the South Pacific Ocean, to the southeast of Australia. The country is divided into two main islands, the North Island and the South Island. Stewart Island is the most significant of New Zealand's smaller inhabited islands. (FREEWORLDMAPS.NET, n.d.)

    ]]>     2021-05-04 07:54:04 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488621427     NATIONAL ANTHEM OF NEW ZEALAND tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488876690 2021-05-04 09:35:25 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488876690 tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488911216 WOWstockfootage. (2011, April 2)

    GOD DEFEND NEW ZEALAND - (with lyrics) - New Zealand National Anthem - FULL LENGTH

    Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6qmdqvItkM
    ]]>     2021-05-04 09:50:28 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488911216     BRIEF INTRODUCTION NEW ZEALAND tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488911693
  • New Zealand is an island country in the southwest Pacific Ocean that consists of two major landmasses (the North Island and the South Island) as well as several smaller islands.
  • Population: In 2021, New Zealand's population is estimated 4,855,527 according to Worldometer.
  • New Zealand consists of 35 states the the most populated ones being Aukland, Wellington and Christchurch.
    • ]]>     2021-05-04 09:50:41 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488911693     INTRODUCTION TO PHONEMIC VARIATION tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488996149 -There are a total of 44 phonemes in the English language, which include consonants, short vowels, long vowels, diphthongs, and triphthongs. (What is phonemic variation?, n.d.)
    -    To differentiate between Phonetic transcriptions and Phonemic transcriptions, we must remember that phonemic transcriptions represents how people pronounce sounds while phonetic transcriptions represent how the words are actually pronounced. (What is phonemic variation?, n.d.)]]>     2021-05-04 10:31:34 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1488996149     INTRODUCTION TO PROSODIC VARIATION ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1489707031 -According to American Psychological Association (2014), prosody is the rhythm, tension, and intonation of utterance, conveys insight beyond the literal sense of words in a sentence. It gives information about one's mood or affective state. For example, when a speaker says "I like cat!", it can bring two meaning; the speaker likes it or hates it based on the intonation of the speaker.

    -It is also used to convey semantic detail like when expressing an upward shift, speakers would naturally increase their voice pitch (Prosody in Speech, 2014).

    -Mannell (2020) stated that prosody is described at the phonetic level by vocal pitch (fundamental frequency), loudness (acoustic intensity) and rhythm (phoneme and syllable duration).

    -Prosody is the study of features of expression that appear above individual phonemes and, in many cases, word sequences (in prosodic phrases) (Mannell, 2020).

    -Suprasegmentals are features that exist above the phoneme stage (or "segments"). The study of suprasegmental speech features is the phonetic study of prosody (Mannell, 2020).]]>     2021-05-04 14:02:14 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1489707031     References ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1489897928 Mannell, R. (2020). Introduction to prosody theories and models. Retrieved from Macquarie University website: https://www.mq.edu.au/about/about-the-university/faculties-and-departments/medicine-and-health-sciences/departments-and-centres/department-of-linguistics/our-research/phonetics-and-phonology/speech/phonetics-and-phonology/intonation-prosody

    American Psychological Association. (2014). Prosody in Speech and Song. Retrieved May 4, 2021, from https://www.apa.org/pubs/highlights/peeps/issue-29#

    Webb, K. (2011). The Realisation of Stress in Welsh English. Retrieved May 4, 2021, from https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2011/OnlineProceedings/RegularSession/Webb/Webb.pdf

    ]]>     2021-05-04 14:38:25 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1489897928     A VIDEO OF REGIONS IN WALES ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1490848864 This is a video showing the names of the regions in Wales country.

    Kids Learning Tube. (2017, October 27). Wales Geography/Wales Country/. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/_8CyoyLPsow]]>     2021-05-04 17:31:26 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1490848864     A VIDEO THAT SHOWS ENGLISH WORDS INFLUENCED BY THE WELSH LANGUAGE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1490978212 In this video, the speaker gave example some of the English words that come from the Welsh language. For instance, "penguin". In Welsh language, "pen" means head and "guin" spelt as "gwyn" is white.

    Learn welsh Podcast. (2020, November 17). English words that come from the Welsh language. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/9pNUgmqo3fg]]>     2021-05-04 17:54:43 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1490978212     A VIDEO OF WALES COUNTRY ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1501302441 This video shows the beauty of Wales country.

    harinarayan rajeev. (2018, May 20). Amazing Wales [4K]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/O0-JTcOEpNQ]]>     2021-05-07 06:51:44 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1501302441     INTRODUCTION TO LEXICAL VARIATION ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503220550 -Lexical meaning refers to the sense (or meaning) of a word (or lexeme) as it appears in a dictionary (Nordquist, 2019).

    -Also known as semantic meaning, denotative meaning, and central meaning.

    -There are five categories of lexical: noun (N), verb (V), preposition (P), adjective (A) and adverb (Adv).

    -By comparing the way English is spoken in different places and within different social classes, we can see lexical diversity – variations in terms and phrases (Robinson, 2019).

    -The variation of terms used in various parts of the world for 'bread roll' is an example of this (Robinson, 2019).

    -For example, when someone heard the sentence:  'happen she were wearing a mask', that someone would be able to make the right guess on where the speaker is from when the use of happen in this context is to mean "maybe" or "possibly". It is an indication of lexical diversity, or variations in vocabulary (Robinson, 2019).]]>     2021-05-07 16:59:41 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503220550     References ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503243783 Nordquist, R. (2019). Lexical Meaning (Words). Retrieved May 7, 2021, from https://www.thoughtco.com/lexical-meaning-words-1691048

    Robinson, J. (2019). Lexical variation across the UK. British Library. Retrieved May 5, 2021, from https://www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects/articles/lexical-variation-across-the-uk]]>     2021-05-07 17:04:47 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503243783     INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR VARIATION ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503271657 -By comparing the way English is spoken in different places and within different social classes, we can see grammatical variety – variations in the form of words, phrases, and sentences (Robinson, 2019).

    -The way past tenses are developed is one of the most common variations between dialects (Robinson, 2019).

    -In grammar, there are no right grammar or wrong grammar. ]]>     2021-05-07 17:10:27 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503271657     References ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503344092
    Cheshire, Jenny. (2009). Syntactic Variation and Beyond. 10.1007/978-1-349-92299-4_9.  Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251758141_Syntactic_Variation_and_Beyond

    Robinson, J. (2019). Grammatical variation across the UK. British Library. Retrieved May 6, 2021 from https://www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects/articles/grammatical-variation-across-the-uk]]>     2021-05-07 17:26:11 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503344092     PHRASES EXAMINE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503374498 2021-05-07 17:32:30 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503374498 DETAILS ANALYSES OF WALES SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503375438 STRESS
    -    -Williams argued that the lengthened time of the post-stress consonant is the most appropriate signal to stress in Welsh based on these findings (Webb, 2011).

    -This indicates that all the long vowels are stressed such as the word finally /ˈfʌɪnəli/. The speaker stressed "finally" to emphasize that was the last step Sarah did.

    TONE
    -Most of the time, the speaker used a falling intonation because what she read was statements.

    -The tone is light-hearted. The audience can hear how relax the speaker read the story.

    -She read every sentence with confidence and there was no pause in between words or sentences.

    TEMPO
    -    The speaker spoke with a just nice speed. She did not go too fast or too slow when speaking. This will allow the audience to understand and to hear every word perfectly.

    ]]>     2021-05-07 17:32:43 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503375438     DETAILS ANALYSES OF NEW ZEALAND SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503376938 STRESS
    Example:
    -    Comma was strong and huge, so it would take some force to trap her, but Sarah had a different idea.
    -‘Kɒmə wɒz strɒŋ ænd hjuːdʒ, səʊ ɪt wʊd teɪk sʌm fɔːs tuː ‘træp hɜ:, bʌt seərə hæd eɪ ‘dɪfərənt ʌɪˈdɪə
    -The New Zealand speaker put stresses in the word 'huge' in his speech.

    TONE
    -    The speakers tone throughout the speech was mostly the same.

    -    The New Zealand speaker’s speech is more relaxed and spoke with a lighter tone.

    -He frequently took pauses while he was thinking like 'aaa' same like how you would talk to a friend or family member.

    TEMPO
    -He spoke rapidly and never really slowed down to make sure what he was saying would be easier to understand by the listeners.

    -He was not worried about delivering a speech that was clear nor formal.

    -He possibly just wanted the speech to be over and done. ]]>     2021-05-07 17:33:03 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503376938     PHRASES EXAMINE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503383998 2021-05-07 17:34:33 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503383998 DETAILS ANALYSES OF WALES SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503384715
  • The speaker pronounced the word "trap" as /trap/ instead of /træp/ because in Welsh English,  the /æ/-sound becomes a short open /a/. Thus, /trap/.

    • She changed the vowel /ʌ/ in the words "some" /sʌm/ and "but" /bʌt/ to /ə/. Hence, the phonemic spelling both of the words change to /səm/ and /bət/. This is because in Welsh English, the central open short /ʌ/ sound is changed to a mid central /ə/.

    • When she uttered the "phrase had a different idea", she said it quickly making the "a" /eɪ/ was not heard at all in the sentence.

    • The letter "r" in the word "stroking" /‘strəʊkɪŋ/ was dropped by the speaker making the pronunciation to be "stoking" /‘stəʊkɪŋ/.

    • When she said the word goose, she shortened it. So, the phonetic spelling became /gʊs/ rather than /ɡuːs/.
    ]]>     2021-05-07 17:34:43 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503384715     DETAILS ANALYSES OF NEW ZEALAND SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503385474
    • The speaker pronounced the word "trap" as /trɛp/ instead of /træp/. The vowel is slightly changed and makes the sound of the letter 'e' instead of 'a'.

    • The word "back" was pronounced /bɛk/ instead of /bæk/.

    • New Zealand English generally pronounce the letter 'r' very lightly. For example: in the text the speaker pronounced "administered" as /ədˈmɪnɪstəd/.

    • The word "palm" was pronounced /pæm/ instead of /pɑːm/
    ]]>     2021-05-07 17:34:53 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503385474     References ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503387688 What is phonemic variation? (n.d.). Retrieved May 1, 2021, from https://findanyanswer.com/what-is-phonemic-variation

    Ritter, C. & Schorn, T. (2004). Linguistic Features Of Welsh English. Retrieved May 5, 2021, from https://www.grin.com/document/52581]]>     2021-05-07 17:35:21 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503387688     PHRASES EXAMINE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503388263 2021-05-07 17:35:29 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503388263 DETAILS ANALYSES OF WALES SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503389369 -The speaker used simple vocabulary. Therefore, it is easy to understand her story.

    -However, when she spoke, there were certain words that were hard to understand as she spoke with a Welsh accent. For example, the word stroking.

    -Next, when she pronounced the phrase "had a different idea". The audience would not here the determiner "a" here as the speaker spoke with speed.]]>     2021-05-07 17:35:45 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503389369     DETAILS ANALYSES OF NEW ZEALAND SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503389918
    -The speaker used standard English vocabulary therefore all in all understandable. 

    -However, he did not try to spell his words professionally and said words in ways that he probably would of said in a casual setting thus making it a little more difficult to understand.

    -Other than that, he spelt his words in an unclear way making it harder to properly know the exact word he may be saying. Listeners might have to listen to what he is saying repeatedly to properly figure it out. ]]>     2021-05-07 17:35:53 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503389918     PHRASES EXAMINE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503394488 2021-05-07 17:36:56 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503394488 DETAILS ANALYSES OF WALES SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503394981 -The speaker used accurate grammar rules judging by the past tense in the sentence and Subject Verb Agreement (SVA).

    -The speaker spoke clearly especially when she said the word "her" which did not make the audience hear constructions and caused confusion such as "he". Also, the speaker used the pronoun "her" as a substitute to Comma, the goose. Thus, no repetition of word happen.

    -    The speaker used the correct singular noun- goose.

    -    The structure and the order of the components in the sentences are correct and used effectively.

    -Proper arrangement of syntax throughout speech.]]>     2021-05-07 17:37:02 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503394981     DETAILS ANALYSES OF NEW ZEALAND SPEAKER ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503395637
    -The speaker used accurate grammar in his speech and used correct tenses in his speech.

    -The speaker made sure that he was not using different grammar styles other than the standard English grammar.

    -This makes sure that English speakers around the world can understand him despite his thick "kiwi" (New Zealand people) accent.

    -Proper arrangement of syntax throughout speech.

    -All of the sentences were structured well therefore making it easy to understand.

    -The sentences were arranged in a way to sound like a story which makes it more interesting to listen to.]]>     2021-05-07 17:37:11 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1503395637     DEMOGRAPHIC OF SPEAKER tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506474159
  • The speaker is a 36 year old male.
  • He was born in Darfield, New Zealand in 1970.
  • He works as a salesman
  • The speaker has stayed in Christchurch, Toronto, Queenstown and London

    • ]]>     2021-05-09 14:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506474159     BACKGROUND OF THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506520432
  • In the 10th century, Polynesian explorers first discovered a group of islands in the South Pacific, known today as New Zealand.
  • These explorers lived in relative isolation for many years, and their language evolved into Māori.
  • Captain James Cook, who arrived in 1769 and claimed New Zealand for the British Crown, was the first person to come into contact with the English language in New Zealand.
  • The reason for English being the most spoken language in New Zealand is due to the many settlers who migrated from Britain.
  • The Treaty of Waitangi is also a main factor to the increase of English speaking people in New Zealand.
  • The Treaty of Waitangi which was signed in 1840, established British colonial rule and allowed for more organized migration directly from the United Kingdom, which increased dramatically in the following years.
    • ]]>     2021-05-09 15:10:21 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506520432     References tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506609963 IDEA: International Dialects of English Archive, (2007), New Zealand 8 Demographics. Retrieved from: https://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-zealand-8

    globalEDGE (n.d.) New Zealand: Introduction. Retrieved on 1 May 2021 from: https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/new-zealand#:~:text=New%20Zealand%20is%20an%20island,snowcapped%20mountains%20to%20lowland%20plains.

    FREEWORLDMAPS.NET (n.d.)
    New Zealand map retrieved from: https://www.freeworldmaps.net/oceania/new-zealand/map.html

    Paul W. (2012). Origins and Development of New Zealand English. Retrieved May 2, 2021, from 
    http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.694.9411&rep=rep1&type=pdf]]>     2021-05-09 16:24:29 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506609963     ENGLISH IN NEW ZEALAND EXPLAINED IN 6 MINUTES! tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506615020 2021-05-09 16:27:59 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1506615020 VIDEO ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508253409 This is a video of a complete phonemic chart.

    Cambridge English Online. (2010, June 4). Phonemic Chart Animated (Complete). Retrieved from https://youtu.be/Ufdm3ufV6pg]]>     2021-05-10 08:27:15 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508253409     VIDEO ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508277575 This is a video that explains about prosodic features in speech.

    Jean Charlene Cariaga. (2021, January 30). Prosodic Features of Speech. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/N6l7wDcdtRA]]>     2021-05-10 08:37:51 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508277575     VIDEO ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508388047 The Audiopedia. (2018, February 17). What is GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY? What does GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY mean? GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY meaning. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/nKADb-FGa_0]]> 2021-05-10 09:27:22 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508388047 VIDEO ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508419887 In this video, it explains about nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.

    Friya Try Islami. (2018, May 3). What are Lexical Words? Retrieved from https://youtu.be/QOrCz3g_5lA]]>     2021-05-10 09:42:58 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508419887     INTRODUCTION TO SYNTACTIC VARIATION tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508427474 -Syntactic variation is seen as the  way sentences are constructed and structured. (Cheshire,2009).

    -Syntactic variation can follow the same patterns as phonological variation, with the frequency of specific linguistic variants correlating with large-scale social variables. (Cheshire,2009).]]>     2021-05-10 09:47:09 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508427474     SLIDE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508536690 Dagalea, C. R. (2018, April 20). Prosodic phonology ms ferrer. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/CarlRichardDagalea/prosodic-phonology-ms-ferrer]]> 2021-05-10 10:46:48 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1508536690 SLIDE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509201062 M. F. (2014, August 31). Lexical variation. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/fabbiemejiamalthoz/lexical-variation]]> 2021-05-10 13:59:56 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509201062 SLIDE ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509227447 Alilin, G. (2013, July 2). Phonemic awareness. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/GraceAlilin/phonemic-awareness-23788943]]> 2021-05-10 14:05:03 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509227447 AUTHORS tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509522685 2021-05-10 15:03:06 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509522685 tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509553474 2021-05-10 15:09:05 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509553474 Tengku Danial Bin Tengku Abdul Malik (2020479834) tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509558430 2021-05-10 15:10:03 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509558430 Iffah Nur Dini binti Lafzee (2020492454) ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509576314 2021-05-10 15:13:33 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509576314 ifahnurdinilafzee https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509626060 2021-05-10 15:23:14 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509626060 tdanial199 https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509640939 2021-05-10 15:26:09 UTC https://padlet.com/ifahnurdinilafzee/9rg0iiyrfn2e67a6/wish/1509640939