Glossary by

Morality

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:17:09 UTC

Is a standard of behavior that involves right and wrong actions.

Utilitarianism

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:35:54 UTC

A theory that happiness is often equated with pleasure and the absence of pain, to be the foundation of all moral obligations.

greatest happiness principle

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:40:13 UTC

the best action is one that produces the greatest amount of happiness for the largest amount of people

Credentialing

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:40:50 UTC

process by which a licensed professional shows that he or she is qualified to perform designated clinical activities.

Licensure

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:41:02 UTC

The process by which a legal authority grants permission to a qualified individual to perform certain activities that are considered to be illegal without a license. In healthcare, licensure is the process by which state licensing agencies to grant the legal right to practice a health profession who meet certain standards.

Certification

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:41:12 UTC

process by which a non-governmental agency or an association grants recognition to an individual who has met certain predetermined qualifications. It can be mandatory or voluntary.

Accreditation

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:41:21 UTC

Applies to institutions, judged pursuant to standards of safety and performance.

Informed consent

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:41:33 UTC

Fully make a patient aware of their treatment, including the risks and benefits of the treatment. It should provide patients sufficient amount of information to make an informed choice promoting compliance with their treatment and diminishes the chances of having unrealistic expectations or surprises of results of the treatment.

Autonomy

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:41:48 UTC

ability to make independent decisions and govern oneself. This principle supports informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality and rejects medical paternalism by supporting truthfulness.

Beneficence

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:41:57 UTC

Principle that involves preventing harm, removing conditions that cause harm and helping people.

Nonmaleficence

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:42:08 UTC

No harm principle, rejecting causing pain and suffering, incapacitating, offending people, and depriving people of the things they value.

Justice

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:42:18 UTC

principle that deals with the distribution of resources and fairness.

Privacy

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:42:26 UTC

The ability to determine who has access to us.

Confidentiality

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:42:35 UTC

the obligation not to disseminate patient's private information without their permission.

Ethics

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:42:51 UTC

A moral principle that governs a persons behavior or conduction of an activity.

ANA Code of Ethics for Nursing

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:43:09 UTC

Outlines that the nurses primary moral obligation is to the patient. There are three provisions: 1. The nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person. 2. The nurse's primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, community, or population. 3. The nurse promotes, advocates for and protects the rights, health, and safety of the patient.

Nurse Practice Act

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:43:20 UTC

Provided state/ territory specific necessary guidance for the nursing profession. Each NPA establishes a board of nursing that has the authority to develop administrative rules or regulations to clarify or make the laws more specific. Rules and regulations must be consistent with the NPA and cannot go beyond it

Categorical Imperative Principle

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:43:31 UTC

We can assess the morality of an action by universalizing the basic rule behind that action. If one cannot be universalize and an action but requiring that all people do it, then that action is immoral.

"Act only on that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it become a universal law."

Act Consequentialism

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:43:37 UTC

Indicates that each action, each situation, must be completely evaluated in terms of consequences of available alternatives.

Rule Consequentialism

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:43:55 UTC

focuses on consequences to avoid exploitation and problems with making predictions in each situation. Instead of evaluating individual actions, it evaluates the types of actions.

Kant's Respect Principle

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:44:04 UTC

Humans should never be treated merely as means, but always as ends in themselves.

Rule Theory

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:44:25 UTC

Should not use consequences as the basis for moral rules

Medical Paternalism

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:44:39 UTC

A paternalistic decision that goes against the desires of another person but is made for the benefit of that person. It sometimes involves making decisions for a patient without informing them, out of fear that the information will lead the patient to reject a medical professionals advice. It may leave the patient of of the decision-making loop, being disrespectful.

Principlism

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:44:56 UTC

A theory that tries to connect various moral perspectives with bioethical decision making. Grounded in four key principles: respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice.

The Ethic of Care

nikkitaylor1317 — 2025-02-20 16:45:10 UTC

Explores how a caring person would attempt to solve a moral problem, with a view to building an ethical stance that moves from a central role for individual rights and from strict moral rules and principles to a concern for establishing and preserving good relationships, helping others, and promoting mutual wellbeing.