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Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words.

forehandhannah — 2025-05-21 22:05:38 UTC

Classroom Activities Include:

Phoneme Blending - Tapping out individual sounds and then blending them to create a word. For Example: /c/a/t/ becomes "cat"

Segmentation: Breaking down words into individual sounds.

Reading Rockets as well as Starfall are excellent online, at home, resources that assist with developing phonemic awareness at home. "Strong phonemic awareness is one of the strongest predictors of later reading success. Children who struggle with reading, including kids with dyslexia, often have trouble with phonemic awareness, but with the right kind of instruction they can be successful" (Reading Rockets, 2025).

Phonics is the understanding that there is a relationship between phonemes and graphemes, the letters that represent sounds in written language. Phonics is a method of teaching people to read by correlating sounds with letters or groups of letters in an alphabetic writing system.

forehandhannah — 2025-05-21 22:32:29 UTC

Classroom Activities Include:

Phonics Hopscotch - "For this activity, you can either make a hopscotch grid with tape in your classroom or create one outside with chalk. Place word cards (or write words with chalk) in each of the squares and have students read each word as they jump" (Krasley, 2024).

Play Dough Letters are also a great manipulative for students to get hands on practice while creating letters and saying the sounds that they make. Teachers can call out different letters and observe student understanding as they build them.

At Home Activities: Flash Cards - This is a simple way for parents to write letters and practice with their children so that they can routinely go over the sounds that they make.

Phonics Bloom is an interactive sight that includes games for students to practice their skills at home.

Vocabulary refers to the words we must know to communicate effectively.

forehandhannah — 2025-05-21 22:54:28 UTC

Classroom Activities Include:

Read Alouds - Teachers demonstrate vocabulary knowledge by talking about unknown words to give students an understanding and broaden their vocabulary knowledge.

Flashcards are another great method for practicing new and unknown vocabulary terms.

At Home Activities: Charades is a great game to play to expand vocabulary moments when you have a few moments of spare time at home.

QuizLet is a great online resource that offers terms and definitions to study new or unknown vocabulary terms.

Fluency is the ability to read a text accurately, quickly, and with expression.

forehandhannah — 2025-05-21 22:58:19 UTC

Classroom Activities Include:

Reading Aloud - Timed read alouds allow teachers to effectively assess fluency skills.

Repeated Reading - A skill that requires students to read the same passage over and over in hopes to build and increase fluency skills.

At Home Activity: Reading contests against siblings get students engaged and allow them to practice fluency skills at home by giving some competition with learning new skills.

Online Resource: Scholastic.com offers Fluency Building Resources online for both teachers and families to use at their convenience.

Comprehension is the understanding and interpretation of what is being read.

forehandhannah — 2025-05-21 23:06:40 UTC

Classroom Activities Include: Asking frequent questions during read alouds or passages to ensure understanding of what is being read.

Students summarize a representation of a story they read independently.

Students can use the turn to talk method to partner read and ask one another questions over a story.

At Home Activities: Parents and families discuss bed time stories.

Online Resources: Read Theory

"Improve students’ reading comprehension with proven standards-aligned exercises for grades K-12" (ReadTheory, 2025).