https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd This timeline focuses on Latinx history in the US from 1981-2021 Please place your items on the timeline and drag them to the proper place so that they are in chronological order from left to right. en-us 2021-02-02 03:25:30 UTC 2025-10-25 05:17:24 UTC hello@padlet.com mlee228 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158695813 Proposition 227, passed in California, bans bilingual education and the education of English as a second language. The goal was to teach LEPs (limited English proficient --> term used in source) to be fluent in English. The law 

• Requires that California has to teach LEP students almost entirely in English (whether they understand it or not).
• Shortens the amount of time that the LEP students would be in the special classes designed specifically to help them.

]]> 2021-02-03 13:52:44 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158695813 shanlon9 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158701285 California Proposition 187 was approved on the general election ballot in 1984. The goal was to make illegal immigrants living in the country unable to receive public benefits. Though it was passed with roughly 59% in favor, many organizations fought against it, such as the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (MALDEF), the ACLU, and the League of Latin American Citizens (LULAC). On November 11, just days after it was passed, district court judge Matthew Byrne forbid the enforcement of the Proposition. In 1998, the U. S. District Court ruled it unconstitutional.]]> 2021-02-03 13:53:49 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158701285 sringrose1 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158724122 The National Day of Action was a day of organized protests regarding immigration reform. The proposed reform would increase deportations of undocumented immigrants. Hundreds of thousands of people took part in the protests, and there were protests in many cities throughout the country.Thanks to the protests, the bill wasn't able to pass the senate.]]> 2021-02-03 13:58:02 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158724122 ggrygalis https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158741073 To try and stimulate trade just like Europe has done, the North American Free Trade Agreement was signed by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The agreement stimulated the United States economy, as well as North America as a whole. It benefited American famers and ranchers, and intergraded the economies of the three countries. Despite the increase of trade, labor unions did not like the law.]]> 2021-02-03 14:01:22 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158741073 mtran60 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158757341 Georgia had been tightening up the requirements that would allow illegal immigrants to get drivers licenses and plates in order to keep "untested" and "uninsured" drivers off of the streets. The state  then enacted a law that would increase the penalties if stopped without a drivers license. Illegal immigrants were then subjected to more frequent stops my Georgia county police and once detained, would be turned over to federal immigration authorities (ICE). For the 200,000 illegal immigrants at the time, this meant that any traffic interaction could lead to deportation, but many still continued to drive for fear of losing their jobs. The new law ultimately antagonized Hispanic communities within in Georgia, with residents saying that the police had been targeting and singling them out. ]]> 2021-02-03 14:04:14 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1158757341 stirrell https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163643197 The Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM) Act was a bill that would have provided a pathway towards legal status for those who are undocumented who arrived to the US as children. Despite bipartisan support for various versions of the bill over time, none of them have become law. In 2010, the DREAM Act was extremely close to full passage as it passed the House of Representatives, but it fell a mere five votes shorts of the sixty needed to pass the Senate.]]> 2021-02-04 13:41:12 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163643197 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163648334 Puerto Rico held a Constitutional Amendment Referendum. In which the Puerto Ricans vote 55% against Puerto Rico having a "status not subordinate to plenary powers of congress." Basically saying that they wanted to become closer to the United States, which was ignored.]]> 2021-02-04 13:42:14 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163648334 ttrinh18 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163665631 In 2010, Arizona state issued a law known as S.B 1070, which addressed issues of immigration in that state. The original law was rejected by the district Court, saying that it didn't comply with the federal alien registration requirements. Therefore, 4 provisions were made to comply with the previous laws. These "newer" provisions made it illegal in Arizona to work/live without legal permission and allows law enforcement to arrest these people without a warrant because of "unwanted presence." the 4th provision allowed law enforcement to verify the legal status of any person when asked. This is still relevant today because these stricter provisions in Arizona, endangers the lives of undocumented individuals even more so than they already did. From what we have seen with the documentaries in class and the ]]> 2021-02-04 13:45:41 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163665631 lcurran31 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163666655 This act was created in order to catch immigrants who were in the work force. It required all people to submit a report of who works their every year and the legality of all of it. This impacts Latino people because if they were immigrants in this country, they were not allowed to make a living.]]> 2021-02-04 13:45:54 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163666655 gvasquezrosad3 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163690322 Barack Obama passed DACA as a way of allowing undocumented people who migrated to the US as children protection, work permits, and even licenses for a 3 year time-span before they would need to reapply. In this time, those immigrants could not be deported. These immigration reforms would stop 5 million immigrants from being deported. This program allowed younger immigrants to attain legal status for their parents when they turned 21 years old, or at least make it easier to do that. This was significant because no president had done this in such a wide scale. Thus, Obama surpassed the negative stereotypes about Latinx immigrants.]]> 2021-02-04 13:50:25 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163690322 lprizant https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163703525 Founded in 2004, the Minutemen, a group of militants assembled to patrol the border, began to station themselves in Arizona in 2005. They claimed to be protecting America unlike the government from illegal immigrants, who they believe steal jobs, bring crime, and destroy America. These racists sat together near the border, armed heavily, willing to shoot any immigrant who comes there way, thinking that trespassing into the US should be a death sentence. Jim Gilchrist and Chris Simcox, the founders, had already gained over 1000 followers, and their base only spread through their campaigning in the media, which was filled with misinformation on the nature of illegal immigrants. Several members are guilty of murders and sexual assault of innocent immigrants. Their movement has died down, seeing that the government, especially under former President Trump, took immigration very seriously at the border.]]> 2021-02-04 13:52:54 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163703525 zprice2 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163707079 After the 9/11 attacks, in 2002 the Homeland Security Act was enacted and one of the new agencies created was ICE. The main goals were to strengthen security and prevent any forms of terrorism. In 2007, ICE gained responsibility for arresting and removing “criminal aliens.” Later they also focussed on arresting immigrants related to drug crimes. It is important to understand now that ICE was originally made to primarily stop terrorism, yet now its main focus seems to be the arresting of immigrants, stimulating anti-immigrant sentiment even more in America today.

]]> 2021-02-04 13:53:32 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163707079 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163711435 The co-sponsors of the bill were James Sensenbrenner, a Republican from Wisconsin, and Peter King, a Republican from New York. The goal of the bill was address the rise in illegal immigration in the United States. The bill would address the rise of illegal immigration by doing things such as strengthening the border between the United States and Mexico, re-verifying all hired employees under a new system, criminalizing violations of federal immigration law etc. The bill was very controversial as many protests broke out in the United States against the bill. It managed to pass the House of Representatives, but it did not manage to pass the Senate.]]> 2021-02-04 13:54:17 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163711435 krouse31 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163725271 In 2009, Sonia Sotomayor was nominated as the first Latinx member of the United States Supreme Court by President Obama. Sotomayor’s nomination was important because it proved to Latinx people all across the nation that they could see themselves represented in the highest court in the United States. It also meant that there would be a more diverse group of perspectives on the Supreme Court that would see different issues differently, so laws would be more deeply considered before they are passed.]]> 2021-02-04 13:56:40 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163725271 kkelley161 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163729383 Proposition 209 is a California ballot proposition, which would amend the state constitution to prohibit "state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education." It passed with 55% in favor to 45% opposed. A proposal to repeal Prop 209 was placed on the ballot for the 2020 Californian elections as Proposition 16, and was rejected by a margin of 57% to 43%. showing that Californias are still as supportive to race neutrality as they were before.]]> 2021-02-04 13:57:24 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163729383 erosenthal21 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163744949 The Freedom Tower, located in Miami Florida was constructed in 1925, and originally used for the Miami News. The building has served many purposes since its construction, but the most significant was when it was operated by the United States government as a reception center for Cuban refugees, fleeing their country. The U.S. government operated the Freedom Tower from the years 1962-1974, and during that time it was nicknamed "the Ellis Island of the South." The building came to represent new beginnings and faith in democracy for Cuban immigrants fleeing Communism. In 2008, the Freedom Tower was designated a National Historic Landmark because of it's significant role in Cuban immigration. ]]> 2021-02-04 14:00:16 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163744949 xliao3 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163746322 Ever since 1938 and extending to the end of the 20th century, the U.S. Navy has managed to acquire and take control of over 70% of the land of Puerto Rican island of Vieques, most of which they use for training grounds, weapon testing, bomb sites, live fire practice, and other maneuvers. Huge concerns were raised for toxic contamination, environmental damage, and increased rates of cancers due to the many years of serving as a military training location. A series of peace protests took place in the year 2000 and the extent of popularity from these protests attracted many influential environmental and authority figures to look at the case. After 3 more years of protesting, President Bush had finally agreed to halt Navy activities in February and finally have them leave the island by May 2003.]]> 2021-02-04 14:00:30 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163746322 astrid_wilder https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163788616 In 2020, the Trump administration tried to end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which allows people who immigrated to the US as children to receive protection from deportation and a work permit. The US Supreme Court, with a 5 to 4 ruling, blocked that action, stopping deportation for over 700,000 immigrants.]]> 2021-02-04 14:07:44 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163788616 wdavis36 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163807387 While previously both English and Spanish were the official languages of this island, in 1991 a vote is passed to make Spanish the sole official language. English had previously been almost forced upon PR, and was seen by many as an attempt to strip it of its culture and heritage. The revoking of the Official Languages Act is crucial to PR in maintaining its culture, heritage, and identity.]]> 2021-02-04 14:10:42 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163807387 athompson254 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163810322 Arizona SB 1070 is an immigration bill that, among other rules, allows police officers to question anyone they think is an illegal alien and detain them if they cannot provide documentation. It created a significant amount of controversy and received condemnations from figures including Barack Obama and the President of Mexico. One concern was that it would promote racial profiling, as police would be likely to judge someone based on their race/"foreign-ness" when deciding whether to ask for papers. However, it prompted a wave of activism, protest, and political involvement, and convinced more Latinos to run for office.    ]]> 2021-02-04 14:11:10 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163810322 fmccleary2 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163816677 The 2003 census numbers show that Hispanic population in the US is steadily increasing and they are officially the largest minority group. New Immigrants from latin america count for a large portion of this number as well as high birth rates from Latin American people in the united states. This demographic shift was very significant and it challenged many Americans ideals on race. ]]> 2021-02-04 14:12:14 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163816677 cmccarthy121 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163824401 On Thanksgiving 1999, Elian Gonzalez who was just five years old at the time, was found hanging on an inner tube just three miles off the coast of Ft. Lauderdale. He was taken to the hospital for treatment after he was rescued. His mother, along with 11 others on the raft, had drowned as they attempted to come from Cuba to the U.S.]]> 2021-02-04 14:13:33 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163824401 cmccarthy121 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163844065 2021-02-04 14:17:02 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163844065 jwei41 https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163889007 2021-02-04 14:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/freemanjud/9m6306y9x2bs3uxd/wish/1163889007