The Philippines by ERIC TIONGSON

Political

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Intellectual

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Geography

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Economics

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Artistic

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Religion

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Social

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Flag

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The newest version of the philippine flag was made on October 14th, 1943
The three stars represent the regions of the country: Luzon, Mindanao, and Visayas
The sun symbolized the goal of independence for the people
The sun's rays represent the Philippine provinces that fought against the Spanish for independence
The countries goals are represented with the blue on the flag
The countries courage is represented with red

White triangle on the left side of the flag
Two reflecting trapezoids on the other side, one blue and one red
8 rayed yellow sun in the middle of the white triangle
Three small yellow stars on each point of the triangle

The position of the flag changes depending on the state of the country
Normally, the flag is either horizontal with the blue on top and the triangle to the left or vertical with the blue on the left side and the red on the right side
When the country is at war, the flag is placed vertically with the red on the left and the blue on the right.

Critical Thinking The Philippine flag represents the history of the Philippines because it illustrates many important aspects of the past. The many things in the flag allude to the countries humble beginnings as a tiny island fighting for independance from mighty Spain. Paying homage to overcoming that gives hope and inspiration to the people of the country. The flag also touches on the geography of the Philippines. Many things on the flag, such as the three stars on the left side, represent geographical features of the country. That adds a little pizzazz to the flag and makes it significant. A picture of the Philippine Flag in vertical position.en.wikipedia.org

History

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1521- Spanish people start to colonize the island that would later be known as the Philippines.

1542- Island named the Philippines in honor of Prince Philip

1565- Manila chosen to be capital city because of harbor in cities area

1896- Philippine rebellion against the Spanish is started by Jose Rizal

1899- U.S. gains control of Philippines

1935- first of 3 constitutions made

1941- Japan invades Philippines during world war II

1941- Japan gains control of the Philippines

1944- Philippines freed from Japanese rule by the British

July 4th, 1946- Philippines became independent nation

Critical Thinking The history of the Philippines has shaped the way that the people are today because it has given the people passion. The Philippines has had to overcome foreign rule to become an independant nation, not just once, but twice. That shows the people that anything can be overcome, and it makes their own individual goals easier to achieve. It has also shaped what goals the country has. The country of the Philippines strives to have independence for all people after past experiences of being controlled by outside forces. Creating a strong constitution and allying with nations, such as the United States, helps achieve that goal.

Government

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Government is a Democratic Republic which is similar to the United States
People elect who is to be president
President, vice president and senators get 6 year terms
House of Representatives members get 3 years
Has a senate (24 members) and a house of representatives (287 members)
Party with control in congress is the liberal party which is similar to the democratic party in the U.S.
People that have a lot of fame or money control the government and can heavily influence elections
Have to be 18 to vote for national elections and 15 to vote for local elections
Constitution based on the us bill of rights promoting things like freedom of speech
Permit needed to assemble and protest against government to prevent violence

Critical Thinking Although it may not have the unstability of a government like Syria, or even to the levels of Ferdinand Marcos reign as dictator of the Philippines, the Philippines government does have some level of instability and corruption. It is taking some steps in the right direction with the policies that it is starting to institute, and the amendments made in the constitution, but it still has to deal with some corrupt leaders and the upper class heavily influencing things. The modern government of the Philippines was established in 1987 with the re writing of a new constitution shortly after the reign by Marcos. The constitution is very similar to the one of the United States and shows that the Philippines is making a strong effort to stabilize their government. Taking further steps, such as arresting corrupt politicians and making efforts to restore balance of power among the people would help achieve that goal.

Demographics

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34.02% of population is ages 0-14
19.18% is ages 15-24
36.72% is ages 25-54
5.8% is 55-64
4.28% is over the age of 65
96.3% literacy rate for people over the age of 15

High literacy rate

20.2% of children below age 5 underweight

29th highest in the world

13th most populated country in the world (100,998,376 people)
28% of population is Tagalog
13% of the population is Cebuano
9% of people are Ilocano
7% of the population is Bisaya
7% Hiligaynon ILonggo
6% of people are Bikol
3% are Waray
Other ethnicities are 25%
Population growth is 1.61%

74th highest in the world

The population's average age is 23.2 years old

Very young country

One of the lowest net migration rates in the world with -2.09 people

ranked 169th out of 222

1.05 men for every woman
6.11 deaths for every 1,000 people

One of the lowest death rates in the world ranked at 160

Critical Thinking

The statistics that I found about the Philippines tell me many things. For one, the Philippines is a country full of young people. The large amount of young people are helping to make the Philippines a more modern society. It also shows that living in the Philippines is relatively easy. Lots of good numbers pop up, from a high literacy rate to a low death rate. Add in a steadily growing population and you see a country that has bright days ahead.

Current Issues

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One major ongoing issue in the country of the Philippines is poverty. According to US AID, more than 18 million people live in poverty. Although rural poverty is more common, urban poverty is increasing in the Philippines. This major problem can lead to things like lack of education, shortages of food and water, and lack of shelter. Some major causes of poverty in this country are corruption in the government, very damaging disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes, lack of quality education and conflict with other countries.

Another major issue in the Philippines is corruption. Many members of congress and other politicians have been caught stealing and embezzling money over the years. Jose Estrada and Ramon Revilla are 2 notable cases of politicians being arrested in the past couple of years. Corruption in the government can lead to higher crime and poverty rates, increased terrorist activity, and lower GDP.

Education

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Preschool and kindergarten for ages 5 and under
Elementary school starts at age 6
Most elementary schools run to 6th grade, some even go to 7th
Almost all schools both public and private wear uniforms
Free public education, must pay tuition for private
Many colleges available, especially in the city of Manila

Examples include The University of the Philippines, De La Salle, Santo Tomas University, and Ateneo de Manila University

Must pass a standardized test to get into college
Only 10 years of pre-college education which causes many students to fall behind
Teachers teach class speaking both English and Tagalog
Education a high priority in the Philippines
Government struggles to fund public education
Most common subjects taught include English, Tagalog, Science, Social Studies, and Math

Critical Thinking

The culture of the Philippines is affected by education. Like most developed countries, education is required for all children and is a huge priority. The government has had troubles funding education but is making budget cuts so that schools are better. It also can affect the geography of the Philippines. Schools are more likely to be built near bigger areas and not in the middle of a rainforest. That helps contribute to the crowding of the big cities in the Philippines.

Information Technology

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Three radio broadcast stations (AM 383, FM 659, Shortwave 4)

Around 1,200 radio stations in the country

3.09 million telephone lines (47th most in the world)
111.3 million cell phones (12th most in the world)
39.2 million internet users (17th most in the world)

About 40% of the population
Huge growth from the last 7 years (14.6% in 2008)

Over 350 TV channels
1 government-owned TV network and 3 other TV networks in the Philippines

No restriction against internet access, but laws against child porn, spam and identity theft
Use of social media very popular among the Philippine people
Over 6.3 million registered online gamers

Critical Thinking

The Philippines has a very tech savvy culture and is plugged into the modern world. The country consistently ranks among the top 20 for things such as internet users and cell phones owned. It shows that the Philippines people are in touch with modern times and that the economy is doing well enough so people can afford things like phones and internet access. The popularity of things like the internet and social media also show the lack of restriction and censorship by the government on technology. By giving people more freedom when they are doing something or want to do something, they are then more likely to do it and continue to do it.

Climate

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Very humid and tropical climate

High humidity and high temperatures

Lots of tropical storms like typhoons in June through November

Recent example of a big storm to hit is Typhoon Haiyan which hit the Philippines in November 2013

June through October is the wet season and monsoon in the Philippines

Hot summers with highs usually around 78-90 degrees fahrenheit
Some areas, such as the capital city of Manila have a wet season during typhoon season
Other areas like the Bicol region have a wet season from December through February

Average temperature is 80
Humidity average is around 77%
Average rainfall can reach up to 5,000 mm in the eastern part of the country

Critical Thinking

The climate affects not only the people of the Philippines, but it also affects the economy. Due to being a warm, tropical climate, clothing items such as t shirts and shorts are very popular while things like sweatshirts and gloves are seldom, if ever, needed. It also causes activities such as swimming, surfing, and hiking in the rain forests are very popular. A big boost for the economy is tourism. Due to its climate, the Philippines is a very popular tourist destination for people that want to get away from the cold and snow. From souvenirs at gift shops to salse on food at restaurants, tourists are profits waiting to happen.

Economics

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GDP is $694.6 billion.

GDP per capita is $7,000.
GDP growth is 6.1% (30th highest in the world)

57% of jobs are service jobs.
32% of jobs are involved with agriculture.

$77.67 billion U.S. dollars of debt (57th highest in the world)
25.2 % percent of population is under the poverty line.
11% of population is in industry work.

Some of the most common things manufactured are, garments, electronics, shoes, wooden products, and processed food.

40.05 million people in labor force.

16th largest labor force in the world.

Common natural resources include coconuts, sugarcane, corn, bananas, rice, pineapples, pork, beef, and eggs.
Made $47.76 billion U.S. dollars of exports in 2014.

Examples of things exported include fruit, coconut oil, copper, electronics, and garments.

6.8% unemployment rate.

Critical Thinking The Philippines has a pretty good economy. The statistics show a country with a steadily growing GDP and lots of money made on exports. Lots of people have jobs, as evidenced by the low unemployment rate. Another sign of a strong economy is what type of jobs are the most common. The Philippines has a high percentage of workers in service jobs and a low percentage in agriculture, similar to other countries with a strong economy. Another factor to consider is tourism. Due to being a country with a tropical climate, lots of people are attracted to travel to the Philippines and spend money.

Currency

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Official currency of the Philippines is the Peso.

1 U.S. dollar equals about 47 Pesos.

Exchange rate for Peso has been on decline recently.

The symbol for the Peso is ₱
6 different kinds of banknotes.

Come in 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100.
Colors are blue, green, brown, orange, red and violet, respectively.

Manuel Roxas is on the 100.

Former president of the Philippines.

Sergio Osmena is on the 50.

Former president of the Philippines.

Manuel L. Quezon is on the 20.

Former president of the Philippines.

Apolinario Mabini is on the 10.

Famous lawyer during the Philippine revolution.

Andres Bonifacio is on the 5.

Leader of the Philippine revolution, first president.

Jose Rizal is on the one.

One of the leaders of the Philippine revolution.

Critical Thinking

The currency of the Philippines is reflective of the historical aspect of the culture by putting notable political leaders on the paper money. Honoring those people keeps their memory alive and teaches future generations about them as well. It also relates to the geography of the Philippines. The different types of bank notes used by the Philippines comes in an assortment of colors. The colors illustrate how colorful and lively the tropical country is.

Global Contributions

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The chicken was domesticated in the Philippines.

The chicken originated the jungles of the Philippines over 10,000 years ago
Once domesticated, the chicken was exported to all the corners of the Earth.
Used for many things, such as meat, eggs, feathers.
People would make money from betting on cockfighting.
Cockfighting now illegal in almost all parts of the world and is done a lot less.

The Philippines contribute to the supply of food in the world.

Many crops are exported from the Philippines around the world.
Many foods such as fruit, rice, and meat come from the Philippines.
Many fruits at tropical resorts are from the Philippines.
Lots of food at Asian markets in the U.S. are exported from the Philippines.

Critical Thinking The two global contributions of domesticating the chicken and supplying a large amount of food to the world are very positive things. Without the chicken, there would be less food to choose from. No eggs or chicken meat makes a lot of dishes we know and love impossible. Speaking of food, a lot of other dishes would not exist if the Philippines didn’t exist. Lots of foods and crops come from the Philippines and are exported to other places. The exporting process is made easier thanks to globalization. Due to the world being closer than ever, foods and chickens can be easily shipped to other places and we can enjoy them.

Food

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Typical 3 meals a day.

2 snack periods in-between meals, known as merienda,.

If a family has a meal with guests, it is polite to serve them first.

Serving family waits for the guests to have some food before they start eating.
It is considered impolite for a guest to say no to food offered unless it is due to allergy or other health concerns.
Everyone stays at the table until everyone has finished eating.

Tips are extremely uncommon at restaurants except for super fancy places.

Most eaten food in the Philippines is rice.

Can be eaten for lunch, supper, and used in desserts.
A rice cake known as Suman is a very popular dessert

Fruit is often eaten for breakfast and dessert.
Fish is the most common meat consumed in the Philippines.

Other common meats include pork, beef, and chicken.
Meats are commonly cooked and served on skewers.

A common food for large celebrations is a roasted pig called Lechon.
A popular spice used in many dishes is Garlic.
A popular snack is milk mixed with beans and fruit in layers over ice.

Snack is called Halo Halo.

Critical Thinking The foods of the Philippines and the meals not only represent the traditional culture of the Philippines, it also represents the western culture that is in the Philippines. The Philippines pays homage to its Asian roots by eating many traditional Asian foods, like rice and chicken. They also have special foods eaten only for special events, such as religious ceremonies. The meals represent the western culture within the Philippines. Just like the United States, they eat 3 main meals; breakfast, lunch, and supper.

Dress

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Dress codes are often set before formal events.
A formal shirt for a man is called a Barong.

An embroidered shirt that goes over the legs like a skirt.

Woman wear large dresses with a scoop neckline and huge sleeves.

Called a Terno

Farmers and labor workers often wear hats or a shirt wrapped around the head and long sleeves to protect their skin from the sun.
Government workers wear uniforms that help people identify who they work for.

The uniform is usually a suit.

Teachers commonly wear a different uniform for each day of the week.
Casual clothing includes t-shirts, jeans, and either sandals or flip flops.

Critical Thinking The history of the country and the economy affects the way that people dress because of the Spanish roots the country and the types of jobs people have. Traditional Filipino clothing is similar to traditional Spanish clothing, in large part because of the cultural diffusion that happened when the Spanish colonized the Philippines. As a result, people wear clothing similar to the spanish. When working in a service job, people must wear a certain uniform that shows who they work for. Farmers commonly wear light clothing and a hat to protect themselves from the harsh sun.

Religion

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Christianity is the most popular religion in the Philippines.

81% of the country is Roman Catholic.
2% is part of the Philippine Independent Church.
10% are part of various other Christian churches.

5% of the country is Muslim

Heavy Muslim population on the southern islands.

The Roman Catholic House of Worship is where Roman Catholics go to worship and pray.

One in almost every town, usually located in the center.

People show respect to saints by touching statues of them.
Amulets with pictures of saints are worn for good luck.
People undergo fasting during the 40 day period of lent.

No religious festivals or celebrations take place during lent.
Fish is eaten instead of meat on Fridays during lent.
Ash Wednesday marks the beginning of lent and Easter sunday marks the end.

Critical Thinking

Religion heavily influences the way that people live in the Philippines. The most popular religion is the Philippines is Christianity, and Christian holidays are followed by tons of people. Schools and work get days off during holidays like Christmas and Easter. People may choose to give up certain things during lent and no celebrations occur. Churches are built in almost every single town and tons of statues and paintings of important religious figures and events line the streets.

Traditions/Holidays

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Christmas

Holiday celebrated by the most people.
The season stretches from December 25th to January 6th.
13 days as opposed to 12 in the United States.
Immigrants or people living overseas usually come home over the holiday to spend time with friends and family.
Decorating for Christmas and listening to Christmas music can start as early as September.
Giving gifts is practiced more in the city limits, while in rural areas people prefer to just spend time together.
A series of masses stretching from the 16th to Christmas Eve called Simbang Gabi are attended by most people.
A feast of many different meats and fruits is eaten on Christmas Day.

New Year’s

Celebrated on December 31st and January 1st.
Considered a part of the Christmas holiday.
Decorations are generally left up during New Year’s.
The entire family stays up until midnight and watches fireworks go off.
The fireworks are said to drive off the bad spirits of last year.
Many celebrations with live music are held around the country and put on TV.

Lent and Easter

Lent begins on Ash Wednesday.
40 days and nights long not counting Sundays.
Celebrated to remember the 40 days and 40 nights Jesus spent in the wilderness fighting temptation.
Work and school are given off days from Maundy Thursday, the date of the last supper, to the Monday after Easter.
Good Friday, the last Friday of Lent remembers the day that Jesus was crucified.
Easter Sunday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus after His death.
Mass is attended in the morning and a large meal is usually eaten after words.
Time is spent with family and friends during Easter.

Critical Thinking The holidays of the Philippines are reflective of a Christian-heavy population. The most celebrated holidays are Christmas, Easter, and Lent. All of those are Christian religious holidays. It is the result of having a population with 81% of people being Christian. They take time to get together with family and friends and celebrate big events in their religion. A holiday that reflects on the history of the country is Independance Day. People look back at the times that the Philippines broke free of fist the Spanish rule, and later the Japanese rule. They celebrate how they got to where they are today.

Family Life

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Parents and children often live in the same home as the grandparents of both sides.
Families often remain close through all of their lives.
When family members are in financial need, other relatives will donate money.
Parents often leave the family to work overseas.

Children are taken care of by the grandparents.
Parents leaving the country can cause tension in relations.

Tension due to limited communications with everyone.

Men and woman both handle big responsibilities in the house, often both have jobs.
Children’s main job is to go to school, but they handle plenty of jobs at house too.
Some children live with their family for the rest of their lives.
Average number of people in immediate family is 4.
Children are disciplined at a very early age, and are taught to respect family and others.

Children often take advice of parents very seriously.

Critical Thinking Men and women are equal in the household because they both make decisions and hold jobs. In a house in the Philippines, a man, woman, or both hold jobs to provide for their family, breaking apart from the old tradition that a man works and a woman stays at home. They also both work together to make the big decisions in the household. Instead of just one of the heads of the house saying what to do, it is a joint effort which leads to smarter decisions and a healthier relationship. This shows the forward thinking that the Philippines has and willingness to break away from traditional norms.

Languages

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The two official languages are English and Tagalog.
Tagalog language is part of the Malayo-Polynesian family.

Considered a variation of Philippine native language.
Very similar to Spanish and Philippine.

Some common phrases of Tagalog include Sigue- Let’s go or follow me

Mabuhay- Welcome or hello.
Paálam- Goodbye
Musta- How are you?
Gudnayt- Goodnight.
Iniibig Kita- I love you.

Critical Thinking The language of the Philippines has connected them to a globalized society because they learn other languages. Many people in the Philippines can speak Tagalog as a first language and English as a second language to communicate with other people outside of their country, or if they work overseas. Learning other languages also helps if you were to work at a multicultural corporation. The two official languages of the Philippines are Tagalog, the native language, and English. English is an official language so others are encouraged to learn it to they can communicated with the globalized world easier.

Gestures/Manners

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Hand movements are not used to the extreme when talking.

However, hand movements are used by some when expressing things important to them.

Eyebrows raised means either yes or hello.
Wide open mouth means that you don’t understand something.
Instead of using the index finger to point, Filipinos point by puckering their lips.
Shrugging shoulders with the palm of hands facing up means accept what you get.
Seats on busses are always offered to the handicapped.
Younger people bless elderly people by bringing the elder’s hand to their forehead.
Woman show affection to men by walking hand in hand or arm in arm.

Practiced more in urban areas than rural areas.
Considered inappropriate in rural areas.

Critical Thinking

The gestures of the Philippines reflect on the culture of traditional values. Showing respect to your family and elders is a big part of many countries cultures, and the Philippines is no different.Being polite to people you don't know or just met is important too. Using these gestures shows that you understand traditions and earns you more respect.

Geography

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Islands on the coast of southeast Asia
In the middle of the South China Sea and Pacific Ocean
7,107 islands make up the country

Area of around 115,830 square miles

72nd largest in the world
Size similar to the state of Arizona

Capital city is Manila

Also city with most population

Islands made from volcanic eruptions, similar to Hawaii
Around 20 volcanoes that are active
Largest islands are Mindanao and Luzon
The peak of Mount Apo (9692 feet) is the highest point in the country
36,289 km of coastline

Critical Thinking The geography of the Philippines influences it because it can use it’s location to it’s advantage and it has a boatload of natural resources. Due to being a relatively remote group of islands, the Philippines is a hard country to invade. As a result, the government does not have to spend as much money on the military systems. The country is full of natural resources such as silk and many tropical fruits, that can not be found in many other countries. That makes it a very valuable trading partner and can bring in a lot of money.

Trivia

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Boxing champion Manny Pacquiao was born in the Philippines.
Former NCAA and NFL quarterback Tim Tebow was born in the Philippines when his parents were on a mission trip.
Actor Lou Diamond Phillips was born in the Philippines.

A Pepsi promo called “Number Fever” offered 1 million pesos to anyone with the number 349 on their bottle cap.

A technical malfunction caused over 500,000 people to get the winning number, and Pepsi had to pay over 200 million pesos.

Located in Puerto Princesa, the Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm lets the inmates farm rice and be tour guides on the grounds with no fences or guards.

It is possible to have no guards or fences due to it’s remote location and closeness to a mosquito infested forest.

A man made African grassland was created on the Calauit island to help save endangered animals in Africa.

The island contains a mix of Philippine native animals such as peacocks and bear cats, and African animals like giraffes, gazelles and zebras.

The Philippines have the second highest population of Boy Scouts in the world.

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A picture of the Sun in the Philippine Flag

en.wikipedia.org

90991 — 2016-01-05 01:16:15 UTC

en.wikipedia.org

A picture of the Official Seal of the Philiipines Senate.

90991 — 2016-01-05 01:18:04 UTC

www.flickr.com

A picture of the current president of the Philippines, Benigno Aquino.

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Two Philippine Politicians wanted for murder charges.

http://news.asiaone.com

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Two children scavenging for stuff in the middle of trash.

http://media.philstar.com

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An outside view of the Philippine Science High School.

www.remate.ph

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Children learn in a classroom.

www.remate.ph

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:09:00 UTC

A graph depicting the usage of internet in the Philippines.

http://www.carloisles.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:14:25 UTC

A graph comparing the Philippines to other Asian countries on time spent online.

http://www.nielsen.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:21:25 UTC

A chart depicting the average rainfall in the Philippines.

https://weather-and-climate.com

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The rainforest located on the Apo Island.

http://www.michaelandersongallery.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:29:48 UTC

A young Filipino boy.

http://media.philstar.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:31:49 UTC

A crowded area in Manila.

http://filipinotimes.ae

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:36:36 UTC

A topographical map of the Philippines.

http://www.mapsofworld.com

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A chart showing GDP stats of the Philippines.

www.neda.gov.ph

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:49:44 UTC

A graph showing the trend of the Philippines GDP.

www.neda.gov.ph

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:50:47 UTC

A thousand peso bill.

www.istorya.net

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A 500 peso bill.

http://creativeroots.org

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A bowl of rice.

weknowyourdreams.com

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A chicken.

weknowyourdreams.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 02:57:58 UTC

Freshly cooked lechon.

www.lechonking.com

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Halo halo in a dish.

chowkingdelivery.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:01:56 UTC

A traditional barong.

www.barongsrus.com

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A traditional terno.

www.seasite.niu.edu

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:06:33 UTC

The Lord and Savior of the Christians, Jesus Christ.

www.commdiginews.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:08:27 UTC

A statue of Jesus.

www.flickriver.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:10:44 UTC

A new year celebration in Manila.

www.haaretz.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:12:33 UTC

Christmas lights on a house.

teresay.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:14:40 UTC

Tim Tebow.

nesn.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:16:42 UTC

Manny Pacquiao.

www.latimes.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:22:12 UTC

A Filipino Family.

tx.english-ch.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:23:49 UTC

A father with his daughter.

www.filipinostarnews.net

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:25:35 UTC

The Tagalog alphabet.

www.lhiza.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:28:16 UTC

The English alphabet.

www.keko21.tk

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:30:16 UTC

A person pointing in the Philippines.

pocketcultures.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:33:00 UTC

People holding hands.

www.clipartpanda.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:34:58 UTC

A Filipino mountain range.

www.two-fortheroad.com

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:38:31 UTC

Spanish explorers voyaging toward their destination.

www.swfwmd.state.fl.us

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:40:09 UTC

Jose Rizal.

en.wikipedia.org

Works Cited

90991 — 2016-01-05 03:49:37 UTC

("7 Amazing) Pinoy Trivia Guaranteed To Make You Say 'WOW!'" FilipiKnow. N.p., 05 May

2014. Web. 30 Nov. 2015.

("AVERAGE) WEATHER AND CLIMATE IN PHILIPPINES."Weatherandclimate.com.

(Bio.com.) A&E Networks Television,. Web. 30 Nov. 2015.

("BSP) Notes & Coins." Bangko Sentral Ng Pilipinas. Web. 16 Nov. 2015.

(Central) Intelligence Agency. Central Intelligence Agency,. Web. 16 Nov. 2015.

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